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Tanreqing Injection Inhibits Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages Infected with Influenza A Virus by Promoting Mitophagy

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 19-27页

作者： LIU Tian-yi HAO Yu MAO Qin ZHOU Na LIU Meng-hua WU Jun WANG Yi YANG Ming-rui School of life sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Experimental Research center China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Tanreqing Injection(TRQ) on the activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome in macrophages infected with influenza A virus and the underlying mechanism based on mitophagy pathway. Methods:The inflammatory model of murine macrophage J774A.1 induced by influenza A virus [strain A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1), PR8] was constructed and treated by TRQ, while the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO and autophagy specific inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA) were used as controls to intensively study the anti-inflammatory mechanism of TRQ based on mitophagy-mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(mt ROS)-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. The levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ) and P62 proteins were measured by Western blot. The release of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the mt ROS level was detected by flow cytometry, and the immunofluorescence and co-localization of LC3 and mitochondria were observed under confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results: Similar to the effect of Mito-TEMPO and contrary to the results of 3-MA treatment, TRQ could significantly reduce the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, and autophagy adaptor P62, promote the expression of autophagy marker LC3Ⅱ, enhance the mitochondrial fluorescence intensity, and inhibit the release of mt ROS and IL-1β(all P<0.01).Moreover, LC3 was co-localized with mitochondria, confirming the type of mitophagy. Conclusion: TRQ could reduce the level of mt ROS by promoting mitophagy in macrophages infected with influenza A virus, thus inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of IL-1β, and attenuating the inflammatory response.

关键词： Tanreqing Injection influenza virus anti-inflammation mitophagy nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome Chinese medicine

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Molecular and cellular mechanisms of photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in plants

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 26-41页

作者： Na Wang Xiang Li Jun Zhu Zhong-Nan Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular sciences Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Shanghai Engineering Research center of Plant Germplasm Resources College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(P/TGMS)lines display male sterility under high-temperature/long-day light conditions and male fertility under low-temperature/short-day light conditions.P/TGMS lines are the fundamental basis for the two-line hybrid breeding,which has notably increased the yield potential and grain quality of rice *** this review,we focus on the research progress on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in *** essence of P/TGMS line is their ability to produce viable pollen under varying *** overview the processes involved in anther and pollen development,as well as the molecular,cellular,and genetic mechanisms underlying P/TGMS in Arabidopsis,rice,and other *** development has been identified as a common mechanism of P/TGMS fertility restoration in both Arabidopsis and rice,while reactive oxygen species homeostasis has been implicated in rice P/***,we discuss the prospective applications of P/TGMS and potential solutions to the challenges in this *** review deepens the understanding of the mechanisms underlying P/TGMS and its utilization in two-line hybrid breeding across diverse crops.

关键词： P/TGMS lines pollen cell wall transition slow development ROS homeostasis

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Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru Shen Zheng Song Dinggang Fan Bing Hu center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish

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The interaction between KIF21A and KANK1 regulates dendritic morphology and synapse plasticity in neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 209-223页

作者： Shi-Yan Sun Lingyun Nie Jing Zhang Xue Fang Hongmei Luo Chuanhai Fu Zhiyi Wei Ai-Hui Tang Hefei National Research center for Physical sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles and Cellular DynamicsDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina CAS center for Excellence in Molecular Cell sciences Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology School of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Brain Research center Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Morphological alterations in dendritic spines have been linked to changes in functional communication between neurons that affect learning and ***-4 KIF21A helps organize the microtubule-actin network at the cell cortex by interacting with KANK1;however,whether KIF21A modulates dendritic structure and function in neurons remains *** this study,we found that KIF21A was distributed in a subset of dendritic spines,and that these KIF21A-positive spines were larger and more structurally plastic than KIF21A-negative ***,the interaction between KIF21A and KANK1 was found to be critical for dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic *** of either KIF21A or KANK1 inhibited dendritic spine morphogenesis and dendritic branching,and these deficits were fully rescued by coexpressing full-length KIF21A or KANK1,but not by proteins with mutations disrupting direct binding between KIF21A and KANK1 or binding between KANK1 and *** down KIF21A in the hippocampus of rats inhibited the amplitudes of long-term potentiation induced by high-frequency stimulation and negatively impacted the animals’cognitive *** together,our findings demonstrate the function of KIF21A in modulating spine morphology and provide insight into its role in synaptic function.

关键词： actin cytoskeleton dendrite KANK1 KIF21A microtubule spine morphology spine synaptic plasticity talin1

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Recognition of a salivary effector by the TNL protein RCSP promotes effector-triggered immunity and systemic resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第1期67卷 150-168页

作者： Weiwei Rao Tingting Ma Jiayuan Cao Yajun Zhang Sisi Chen Shu Lin Xiaoxiao Liu Guangcun He Li Wan Key Laboratory of Plant Design CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Insects secret chemosensory proteins(CSPs)into plant cells as potential effector proteins during *** molecular mechanisms underlying how CSPs activate plant immunity remain largely *** show that CSPs from six distinct insect orders induce dwarfism when overexpressed in Nicotiana ***-mediated transient expression of Nilaparvata lugens CSP11(NlCSP11)triggered cell death and plant dwarfism,both of which were dependent on ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1(EDS1),N requirement gene1(NRG1)and SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 101(SAG101),indicating the activation of effector-triggered immunity(ETI)in *** of NlCSP11 led to stronger systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 lacking effector HopQ1-1 and tobacco mosaic virus,and induced higher accumulation of salicylic acid(SA)in uninfiltrated leaves compared to another effector XopQ that is recognized by a Tollinterleukin-1 receptor(TIR)domain nucleotidebinding leucine-rich repeat receptor(TNL)called ROQ1 in ***,NlCSP11-induced dwarfism and systemic resistance,but not cell death,were abolished in *** transgenic line expressing the SA-degrading enzyme Nah *** large-scale virus-induced gene silencing screening,we identified a TNL protein that mediates the recognition of CSPs(RCSP),including aphid effector MP10 that triggers resistance against aphids in ***,bimolecular fluorescence complementation and Alpha Fold2 prediction unveiled an interaction between NlCSP11 and ***,RCSP does not contain the conserved catalytic glutamic acid in the TIR domain,which is required for TNL *** findings point to enhanced ETI and systemic resistance by a TNL protein via hyperactivation of the SA ***,RCSP is the first TNL identified to recognize an insect effector.

关键词： chemosensory protein effector effector-triggered immunity salicylic acid TIR-NBS-LRR

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Transient chemical-mediated epigenetic modulation confers unrestricted lineage potential on human primed pluripotent stem cells

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Science China life sciences 2025年

作者： Shi Chen Yuanyuan He Lejun Lv Bei Liu Cheng Li Hongkui Deng Jun Xu Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Stem Cell Research Center Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University BeiCell Therapeutics School of life sciences Center for Bioinformatics Center for Statistical Science Peking University MOE Engineering Research center of Regenerative Medicine School of Basic Medical Sciences State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation College of Life Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University

Human primed pluripotent stem cells are capable of generating all the embryonic ***,their extraembryonic trophectoderm potentials are *** remains unclear how to expand their developmental potential to trophectoderm *** we show that transient treatment with a cocktail of small molecule epigenetic modulators imparts trophectoderm lineage potentials to human primed pluripotent stem cells while preserving their embryonic *** chemically treated cells can generate trophectoderm-like cells and downstream trophoblast stem cells,diverging into syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast *** and CUT&Tag analyses reveal that these induced cells share transcriptional profiles with in vivo trophectoderm and cytotrophoblast,and exhibit reduced H3K27me3 modification at gene loci specific to trophoblast lineages compared with primed pluripotent *** exploration highlighted the critical roles of epigenetic modulators HDAC2,EZH1/2,and KDM5s in the activation of trophoblast lineage *** findings demonstrate that transient epigenetic resetting activates unrestricted lineage potential in human primed pluripotent stem cells,and offer new mechanistic insights into human trophoblast lineage specification and in vitro models for studying placental development and related disorders.

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Computational protein design and structure prediction——the 2024 Nobel prize in chemistry

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第3期 812-814页

作者： Peilong Lu Lei Liu School of life sciences and Research center for Industries of the Future Westlake University Tsinghua-Peking Joint center for life sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University

The 2024 Nobel prize in chemistry recognizes groundbreaking advancements in protein science,highlighting the power of artificial intelligence(AI) to decipher and design the molecular machinery of *** of the prize was awarded to David Baker for the computational design of proteins;the other to Demis Hassabis and John Jumper for their AI-driven predictions of protein structures.

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ALFIN-like proteins link histone H3K4me3 to H2A ubiquitination and coordinate diverse chromatin modifications in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 130-150页

作者： Xiao-Min Su Dan-Yang Yuan Na Liu Zhao-Chen Zhang Minqi Yang Lin Li She Chen Yue Zhou Xin-Jian He College of life sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China National Institute of Biological sciences Beijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Advanced Agricultural SciencesPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 10084China

Trimethylation of histone H3K4(H3K4me3)is widely distributed at numerous actively transcribed protein-coding genes throughout the ***,the interplay between H3K4me3 and other chromatin modifications in plants remains poorly *** this study,we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana ALFIN-LIKE(AL)proteins contain a C-terminal PHD finger capable of binding to H3K4me3 and a PHD-associated AL(PAL)domain that interacts with components of the Polycomb repressive complex 1,thereby facilitating H2A ubiquitination(H2Aub)at H3K4me3-enriched genes throughout the ***,we demonstrate that loss of function of SDG2,encoding a key histone H3K4 methyltransferase,leads to a reduction in H3K4me3 level,which subsequently causes a genome-wide decrease in H2Aub,revealing a strong association between H3K4me3 and ***,we discover that the PAL domain of AL proteins interacts with various other chromatin-related proteins or complexes,including those involved in regulating H2A.Z deposition,H3K27me3 demethylation,histone deacetylation,and chromatin *** genome-wide analysis suggests that the AL proteins play a crucial role in coordinating H3K4me3 with multiple other chromatin modifications across the genome.

关键词： ALFIN-like proteins PRC1 histone H3K4me3 H2Aub H2A.Z

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Quantum convolution inequalities on Frobenius von Neumann algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第3期68卷 615-636页

作者： Linzhe Huang Zhengwei Liu Jinsong Wu Beijing Institute of Mathematical sciences and Applications Yau Mathematical sciences center and Department of Mathematics Tsinghua University

In this paper, we introduce Frobenius von Neumann algebras and study quantum convolution inequalities. In this framework, we unify quantum Young's inequality on quantum symmetries such as subfactors,and fusion bi-algebras studied in quantum Fourier analysis. Moreover, we prove quantum entropic convolution inequalities and characterize the extremizers in the subfactor case. We also prove quantum smooth entropic convolution inequalities. We obtain the positivity of comultiplications of subfactor planar algebras, which is stronger than the quantum Schur product theorem. All these inequalities provide analytic obstructions of unitary categorification of fusion rings stronger than the Schur product criterion.

关键词： Frobenius von Neumann algebra quantum Young's inequality quantum entropic convolution inequality unitary categorification

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

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