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Potential role and therapeutic implications of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 613-631页

作者： Yanxin Shen Guimei Zhang Chunxiao Wei Panpan Zhao Yongchun Wang Mingxi Li Li Sun Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Cognitive Impairment center Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinica

关键词： apoptosis ferroptosis inflammation lipid peroxidation natural plant products neurodegenerative disorder neuroprotection oxidative stress small-molecule drugs

Chaos suppression of uncertain gyros in a given finite time

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第11期21卷 126-131页

作者： Mohammad Pourmahmood Aghababa Hasan Pourmahmood Aghababa Electrical Engineering Department Urmia University of Technology Department of mathematics University of Tabriz Research center for Industrial mathematics of University of Tabriz

The gyro is one of the most interesting and everlasting nonlinear dynamical systems, which displays very rich and complex dynamics, such as sub-harmonic and chaotic behaviors. We study the chaos suppression of the chaotic gyros in a given finite time. Considering the effects of model uncertainties, external disturbances, and fully unknown parameters, we design a robust adaptive finite-time controller to suppress the chaotic vibration of the uncertain gyro as quickly as possible. Using the finite-time control technique, we give the exact value of the chaos suppression time. A mathematical theorem is presented to prove the finite-time stability of the proposed scheme. The numerical simulation shows the efficiency and usefulness of the proposed finite-time chaos suppression strategy.

关键词： chaos suppression chaotic gyro finite-time stability robustness

Rotating-Symmetric Solutions for Nonlinear Systems with Symmetry

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2015年第2期31卷 307-312页

作者： Hong-ren WANG Xue YANG Yong LI College of mathematics Jilin University College of mathematics Jilin Normal University School of mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University center for mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Northeast Normal University

It is proved that if a nonlinear system possesses some group-symmetry, then under certain transversality it admits solutions with the corresponding symmetry. The method is due to Mawhin＇s guiding function one.

关键词： rotating-symmetric solutions guiding functions Brouwer degree

Comparative study on bifurcation control methods in a fractional-order delayed predator-prey system

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第2期62卷 298-307页

作者： HUANG ChengDai CAO JinDe School of mathematics and Statistics Xinyang Nomal University School of mathematics and Research Center for Complex Systems and Network Sciences Southeast University School of mathematics and Statistics Shandong Normal University

This paper focuses on the comparative analysis of bifurcation control approaches for a fractional-order delayed predator-prey system. The state feedback schemes with and without time delay are dexterously designed during the bifurcation control for the proposed system, and the comparative study is elaborately performed on bifurcation control theoretically. The salient feature of the current paper is that the analysis of time of bifurcation control for the proposed system is investigated based on various state feedback control strategies. Analysis reveals that the feedback control approach without time delay overly outmatches the one with time delay for bifurcation control in the considered systems so long as the uniform feedback gain is selected. It consumes less time to control bifurcation while utilizing the first controller in comparison with the second one. Numerical examples are ultimately employed to confirm the correctness of the theoretical results.

关键词： fractional-order time delay state feedback bifurcation control predator-prey system

Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani H.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

Huntington’s disease(HD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying HD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： Huntington degeneration cortex

THE METHOD OF COLORING IN GRAPHS AND ITS APPLICATION

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第5期23卷 951-960页

作者： Guizhen LIU Jianfeng HOU School of mathematics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China center for Discrete mathematics Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China School of mathematics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Graph coloring has interesting real life applications in optimization and network design. In this paper some new results on the acyclic-edge coloring, f-edge coloring, g-edge cover coloring, （g, f）-coloring and equitable edge-coloring of graphs are introduced. In particular, some new results related to the above colorings obtained by the authors are given. Some new problems and conjectures are presented.

关键词： Acyclic-edge coloring equitable edge-coloring f-edge coloring g-edge cover coloring (g f)-coloring.

Effects of P301L-TAU on post-translational modifications of microtubules in human iPSC-derived cortical neurons and TAU transgenic mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2348-2360页

作者： Mohamed Aghyad Al Kabbani Christoph Köhler Hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany center Anatomy Department ⅡMedical FacultyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule assembly and stability in the *** is missorted and aggregated in an array of diseases known as *** are essential for neuronal function and regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications,changes of which affect microtubule stability and dynamics,microtubule interaction with other proteins and cellular structures,and mediate recruitment of microtubule-severing *** impairment of microtubule dynamics causes neuronal dysfunction,we hypothesize cognitive impairment in human disease to be impacted by impairment of microtubule *** therefore aimed to study the effects of a disease-causing mutation of TAU(P301L)on the levels and localization of microtubule post-translational modifications indicative of microtubule stability and dynamics,to assess whether P301L-TAU causes stability-changing modifications to *** investigate TAU localization,phosphorylation,and effects on tubulin post-translational modifications,we expressed wild-type or P301L-TAU in human MAPT-KO induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons(i Neurons)and studied TAU in neurons in the hippocampus of mice transgenic for human P301L-TAU(p R5 mice).Human neurons expressing the longest TAU isoform(2N4R)with the P301L mutation showed increased TAU phosphorylation at the AT8,but not the p-Ser-262 epitope,and increased polyglutamylation and acetylation of microtubules compared with endogenous TAU-expressing neurons.P301L-TAU showed pronounced somatodendritic presence,but also successful axonal enrichment and a similar axodendritic distribution comparable to exogenously expressed 2N4R-wildtype-TAU.P301L-TAU-expressing hippocampal neurons in transgenic mice showed prominent missorting and tauopathy-typical AT8-phosphorylation of TAU and increased polyglutamylation,but reduced acetylation,of microtubules compared with non-transgenic *** sum,P301L-TAU results in changes in micr

关键词： human induced pluripotent stem cell microtubules P301L pR5 mice TAU tauopathy tubulin code

The emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to ameliorate hippocampal NLRP3 inflammation induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescence

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1153-1163页

作者： Susana Mellado María JoséMorillo-Bargues Carla Perpiñá-Clérigues Francisco García-García Victoria Moreno-Manzano Consuelo Guerri María Pascual Department of Physiology School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain

Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain *** stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have been shown to restore the neuroinflammatory response,along with myelin and synaptic structural alterations in the prefrontal cortex,and alleviate cognitive and memory dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,the present study analyzed whether the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from adipose tissue,which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,was capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge *** demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorated the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes(e.g.,pyrin domain-containing 1,caspase recruitment domain-containing 4,and absent in melanoma 2,as well as the alterations in inflammatory genes(interleukin-1β,interleukin-18,inducible nitric oxide synthase,nuclear factor-kappa B,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1)and miRNAs(miR-21a-5p,miR-146a-5p,and miR-141-5p)induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** analysis further revealed the involvement of miR-21a-5p and miR-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling *** together,these findings provide novel evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to ameliorate the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.

关键词： adolescence binge-like ethanol treatment extracellular vesicles hippocampus mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)

Hardy spaces on Lie groups of polynomial growth

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Science China mathematics 2010年第1期53卷 23-40页

作者： ter ELST A F M ROBINSON Derek W Department of mathematics University of Auckland center for mathematics and its Applications Mathematical Science Institute

We give several characterizations of Hardy spaces associated with complex, second-order,subelliptic operators on Lie groups with polynomial growth.

关键词： Lie groups Hardy spaces heat kernel