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The Performance of Dual-Frequency Polarimetric Scatterometer in Sea Surface Wind Retrieval

Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第5期18卷 1051-1060页

作者： LIU Shubo WEI Enbo JIN Xu LV Ailing DANG Hongxing Xi’an Institute of Space Radio Technology China Academy of Space TechnologyXi’an 710100China National Key Laboratory of science and Technology on Space Microwave Xi’an 710100China Institute of Oceanology and center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of Sciencesand Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China

The wind retrieval performance of HY-2 A scanning scatterometer operating at Ku-band in HH and VV polarizations has been well evaluated in the wind speed range of 0–25 m s^-*** order to obtain more accurate ocean wind field,a potential extension of dual-frequency(C-band and Ku-band)polarimetric measurements is investigated for both low and very high wind speeds,from 5 to 45 m s^-*** on the geophysical model functions of C-band and Ku-band,the simulation results show that the polarimetric measurements of Ku-band can improve the wind vector retrieval over the entire scatterometer swath,especially in nadir area,with the wind direction root-mean-square error(RMSE)less than 12?in the wind speed range of 5–25 m s^-***,the results also show that C-band cross-polarization plays a very important role in improving the wind speed retrieval,with the wind speed retrieval accuracy better than 2 m s^-1 for all wind conditions(0–45 m s^-1).For extreme winds,the C-band HH backscatter coefficients modeled by CMOD5.N(H)and the ocean co-polarization ratio model at large incidence are used to retrieve sea surface wind *** result reveals that there is a big decrease of wind direction retrieval RMSE for extreme wind fields,and the retrieved result of C-band HH polarization is nearly the same as that of C-band VV polarization for low-to-high wind speed(5–25 m s^-1).Thus,to improve the wind retrieval for all wind conditions,the dual-frequency polarimetric scatterometer with C-band and Ku-band horizontal polarization in inner beam,and C-band horizontal and Ku-band vertical polarization in outer beam,can be used to measure ocean *** study will contribute to the wind retrieval with merged satellites data and the future spaceborne scatterometer.

关键词： dual-frequency polarimetric scatterometer wind vector retrieval

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Quality control for ocean observations: From present to future

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science China Earth sciences 2022年第2期65卷 215-233页

作者： Zhetao TAN Bin ZHANG Xiaofen WU Mingmei DONG Lijing CHENG International center for Climate and Environment sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China National Marine data and Information Service Tianjin 300171China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The quality control(QC) of ocean observational data, essential to establish a high-quality global ocean database, is one of the basic data pre-processing steps in oceanography research, marine monitoring, and forecasting. With the introduction of various advanced instruments in recent decades, oceanographic surveys have expanded from coastal regions to open ***, as ocean in-situ observations are obtained using different instruments that offer heterogeneous data qualities, it is paramount that bad data could be accurately and efficiently identified via QC to provide a reliable global ocean database. In this review, we briefly summarize the latest progress of QC for oceanic in-situ observations, and mainly focus on temperature and salinity data. The similarities and differences between QC schemes developed by various ocean organizations are introduced. We also discuss the performances of the various QC schemes and identify the key challenges. Based on the discussions, several recommendations are proposed for future improvements in the QC for ocean observations.

关键词： Quality control Ocean observations Temperature Salinity data quality Big data

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An RBD virus-like particle vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 induces cross-variant antibody responses in mice and macaques

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第5期8卷 2081-2084页

作者： Yuanyuan Li Yanan Zhang Yu Zhou Yan Li Jiao Xu Yuanbao Ai Lei Xu Xiuli Xiao Bo Zhang Jing Jin Patronus Biotech Co.Ltd. YantaiChina Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China

Dear Editor,Since early 2020,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has spread globally infecting over 500 million people and causing over 6 million *** massive worldwide immunisation programmes and the arising clinical trial data present a unique opportunity to compare the vaccines and various delivery platforms(*** vector platform,mRNA platform and virus-like particle platform).

关键词： acute respiratory particle

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Transcriptome profiling highlights regulated biological processes and type III interferon antiviral responses upon Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第1期38卷 34-46页

作者： Qiong Mo Kuan Feng Shiyu Dai Qiaoli Wu Zhong Zhang Ashaq Ali Fei Deng Hualin Wang Yun-Jia Ning State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071/430207China center for Biosafety mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071/430207China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing101408China Centre of Excellence in science and Applied Technologies Islamabad45320Pakistan

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV)is a biosafety level-4(BSL-4)pathogen that causes Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)characterized by hemorrhagic manifestation,multiple organ failure and high mortality rate,posing great threat to public *** the recently increasing research efforts on CCHFV,host cell responses associated with CCHFV infection remain to be further ***,to better understand the cellular response to CCHFV infection,we performed a transcriptomic analysis in human kidney HEK293 cells by high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)*** total,496 differentially expressed genes(DEGs),including 361 up-regulated and 135 down-regulated genes,were identified in CCHFV-infected *** regulated genes were mainly involved in host processes including defense response to virus,response to stress,regulation of viral process,immune response,metabolism,stimulus,apoptosis and protein catabolic ***,a significant up-regulation of type III interferon(IFN)signaling pathway as well as endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress response was especially ***,representative DEGs from these processes were well validated by RT-qPCR,confirming the RNA-seq results and the typical regulation of IFN responses and ER stress by ***,we demonstrate that not only type I but also type III IFNs(even at low dosages)have substantial anti-CCHFV ***,the data may provide new and comprehensive insights into the virus-host interactions and particularly highlights the potential role of type III IFNs in restricting CCHFV,which may help inform further mechanistic delineation of the viral infection and development of anti-CCHFV strategies.

关键词： Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV) Biosafety level-4(BSL-4)pathogen Bunyavirus Transcriptome Type III interferon ER stress Virus-host interaction Antiviral therapeutics

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The near-inertial waves observed east of the Philippines

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第5期40卷 1889-1908页

作者： Shengming YUAN Xiaomei YAN Linlin ZHANG Bing YANG Chongguang PANG Dunxin HU Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Earth science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Based on mooring observations from Aug.1,2016 to Dec.14,2017,the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of near-inertial waves(NIWs)observed east of the Philippines were *** strong NIW events were investigated in *** NIWs in EventⅠwere induced by typhoon Lan and had the strongest magnitudes of 0.35 m/*** maximum near-inertial kinetic energy(NIKE)was shown at the ocean *** NIW in EventⅡwas stimulated by a moderate cyclonic wind with the extreme NIKE located at about 110-m *** existence of a cyclonic eddy during EventsⅠandⅡled to a blue shift of near-inertial *** EventⅢ,the surface near-inertial signals were also induced by local weak wind,whereas the real generation mechanisms for the subsurface NIWs remain *** particular,during EventⅢ,there was a nonlinear wave-wave interaction between NIWs and semidiurnal(D)tides,which further induced strong D±f ***,the NIWs in the three events exhibited distinct vertical *** NIWs in EventsⅠandⅡwere dominated by lower mode s with elevated NIKE well confined to the upper 250 m and 270 m,*** contrast,the NIW EventⅢwas dominated by higher modes and the NIWs penetrated downward beyond 360 *** deep penetration of NIWs could be attributed to the weak wind stress curl and positive sea level anomalies associated with an anticyclonic *** addition,the three NIW events had e-folding timescales of less than 7 days.

关键词： near-inertial wave(NIW) generation mechanism dynamic characteristic

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Instability in boundary layer between the North Equatorial Current and underlying zonal jets based on mooring observations

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第5期38卷 1368-1381页

作者： WANG Fujun FENG Junqiao WANG Qingye ZHANG Linlin HU Shijian HU Dunxin Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Function Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266000China center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Instability/stability in the North Equatorial Current(NEC)basin is studied based on data obtained from nine moorings deployed at 8.5°N,10.5°N,11.0°N,12.5°N,13.0°N,15.0°N,15.5°N,17.5°N,and 18.0°N along 130.0°E during cruises in 2015–*** low latitudes,the Coriolis parameter and stratifi cation ratio play important roles in NEC stability,whereas velocity shear and the layer depth ratio are important for NEC stability in high *** the westward NEC,eastward zonal jets occur intermittently centered around 8.5°N,12.5°N,and 17.5°N along 130.0°*** to the NEC,the main body of these zonal jets also deepens with *** the boundary layer comprising the bottom NEC and upper zonal jets,the growth rate of the NEC is attributed not only to velocity shear but also to zonal jet velocity based on the longwave *** on the shortwave assumption,the growth rate is proportional to zonal jet velocity but has no relationship with velocity ***,the growth rate in the boundary layer is not zero at 8.5°N,12.5°N,and 13.0°N,where the velocity shear and zonal jets are larger than at other *** instability also occurs at the time node when the zonal jets are strong enough,although the mean zonal jets may disappear at this station.

关键词： instability North Equatorial Current(NEC) zonal jets

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The role of oceanic feedbacks in the 2014–2016 El Niño events as derived from ocean reanalysis data

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第5期38卷 1394-1407页

作者： GUAN Cong WANG Fan HU Shijian Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China College of Marine science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266400China

Why did the predicted“super El Niño”fade out in the summer 2014 and the following year develop into one of the three strongest El Niño on record?Although some hypotheses have been proposed in previous studies,the quantitative contribution of oceanic processes to these events remains *** investigated the role of various oceanic feedbacks,especially in response to intra-seasonal westerly wind busts,in the evolution of the 2014–2016 El Niño events,through a detailed heat budget analysis using high temporal resolution Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean—Phase II(ECCO2)simulation outputs and satellite-based *** show that the Ekman feedback and zonal advective feedback were the two dominant oceanic processes in the developing phase of the warm event in the spring of 2014 and its decay in *** the 2015–2016 super El Niño event,the zonal advective feedback and thermocline feedback played a signifi cant role in the eastern Pacifi c ***,the thermocline feedback tended to weaken in the central Pacifi c where the zonal advection feedback became the dominant positive feedback.

关键词： El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) extreme El Niño zonal advective feedback thermocline feedback Ekman feedback inter-seasonal variability

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A new acyclic peroxide from Aspergillus nidulans SD-531,a fungus obtained from deep-sea sediment of cold spring in the South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第4期38卷 1225-1232,I0031-I0039页

作者： LÜFengyi LI Xiaoming CHI Luping MENG Linghong WANG Bingui Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciencesand Laboratory of Marine Biology and BiotechnologyQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China College of Earth science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

A new acyclic peroxide derivative asperoxide A(1),along with 13 known compounds,namely,microperfuranone(2),9-hydroxymicroperfuranone(3),gibellulin A(4),lecanoric acid(5),terrequinone A(6),sterigmatocystin(7),isosecosterigmatocystin(8),arugosin C(9),curvularin(10),3,3'-diindolylmethane(11),austinol(12),austin(13),and dehydroaustin(14),were isolated and identified from the culture extract of Aspergillus nidulans SD-531,a fungus obtained from the deep-sea sediment of cold spring in the South China *** structures were determined based on detailed interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data *** the isolated compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against human and aquatic bacteria as well as plant pathogenic *** 1–8,10,and 11 exhibited antimicrobial activities against some of the tested strains with minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)values ranging from^2 to 64μg/*** 4 and 6 displayed strongest activities among the tested samples and might be used as promising molecules for the development of natural antimicrobial agents.

关键词： acyclic peroxide Aspergillus nidulans cold spring fungus antimicrobial activity

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Sperm whales in the waters off China:A glimpse of the past and present

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第3期2卷 1-11页

作者： Mingming Liu Mingli Lin Songhai Li Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanya572000China center for Ocean mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China

Spatiotemporal information is crucial for cetacean research and conservation,particularly for wide-ranging and migratory *** whales(Physeter macrocephalus)are distributed worldwide in deep oceans;however,little is known about the species in the western margin of the Pacific ***,we examined the available information related to the occurrence,distribution,and potential habitats of sperm whales in the waters off *** whaling information(18th–20th century)indicates that sperm whales have been captured in the East China Sea(ECS)and South China Sea(SCS).Furthermore,sporadic strandings have been recorded since the 1910s,and more frequently from 1990 *** 1990,accidental sightings have been documented in the eastern ECS,northeastern and southern SCS,and their adjacent *** recently(2019–2022),field encounters have been reported in dedicated ship-based investigations in the Xisha and Nansha waters,providing robust evidence of the regular existence and potential residency of sperm whales in the northwestern and central areas of the *** nursery groups suggest that the Xisha waters might be an important nursing ground for sperm *** tracking data from four adults showed that sperm whales in the SCS might display both fine-scale and long-distance *** together,it appears that sperm whales are currently active in the waters off China,and that deep waters(depth>200 m)in the ECS and SCS may provide the species with critical *** review provides crucial baseline information on sperm whales in the waters off China,which may help to facilitate future research efforts and conservation initiatives for the species at national and cross-regional *** field investigations and other monitoring approaches including acoustic monitoring,biologging,photo-identification,and genetics are required to reveal the distribution,movement,and habitat use patterns of sperm whales in these waters.

关键词： Sperm whales Occurrence Distribution Deep waters Bohai Sea Yellow Sea East China Sea South China Sea

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Geochemistry and genesis of the Nadun Nb-enriched arc basalt in the Duolong mineral district,western Tibet:Indication of ridge subduction

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 230-243页

作者： Tian-Yu Zhang Jianghong Deng Ming Wang Cai Li Lipeng Zhang Weidong Sun center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyCenter for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China College of Earth sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China School of Marine sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Duolong mineral district in western Tibet is one of the largest porphyry Cu–Au deposit fields with significant metallogenic potential in *** tectonic environment relevant to Early Cretaceous Cu–Au mineralization remains *** we report new whole-rock major and trace element,and Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopic data for the newly discovered basalt in the Nadun area,Duolong mineral district,to decipher their genesis and further constrain the tectonic environment.A contemporaneous rhyolite sample interbedded with the basalt in the lower part of the volcanic section in the Nadun area yields an LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb age of 122.5±1.2 *** basalt samples exhibit high-K calc-alkaline/shoshonite properties and are enriched in high field strength elements,e.g.,high Ti O_(2)(1.43–1.79 wt.%)and Nb(14.6–19.5 ppm)contents,with high Nb/La ratios(0.4–0.6),which are compositionally comparable to those of Nb-enriched arc basalts(NEABs).The(^(87) Sr/^(86) Sr)iratios of 0.7052 to 0.7056,negative eNd(t)(-0.7 to-0.2)and eHf(t)values(+6.0 to+6.5),and high(^(206) Pb/^(204)Pb)i,(^(207) Pb/^(204)Pb)i,(^(208) Pb/^(204)Pb)iand ratios(18.522 to 18.561,15.641 to 15.645 and 38.679 to 38.730,respectively)suggest that the Nadun NEABs are more enriched than those of the island arc basalts(IABs)in the *** slightly enriched radiogenic isotopes for the Nadun NEABs indicate that the subducting sediments play an important role in the ***,their high Nb,Ti,and Cu contents indicate that the source mantle wedge was metasomatized by slab *** Nadun NEAB and other coeval magmatic rocks in the Duolong mineral district,including adakite,OIB-like basalt,MORB-type basalt,A-type rhyolite,and common IAB,are typical rock assemblages of ridge *** infer that the Duolong mineral district were formed by ridge subduction in the Early Cretaceous.

关键词： Tibet Duolong porphyry Cu-Au deposit Nb-enriched arc basalt Tethys ocean Ridge subduction

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