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A Two-Dimensional Coupled Biosphere-atmosphere Model and Its Application

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1991年第4期8卷 447-458页

作者： Yongkang XueCenter for oceans-land-atmosphere interactions Department of Meteorology, University of Maryland,College Park, MD 20742 U. S. A. cener for oceans-land-atmosphere interactions Department of Meteorology University of Maryland

A 2-D zonally averaged, time dependent climate model is developed to study the biosphere-atmosphere interaction. A numerical scheme is specifically designed for the model to ensure the conservation of mass, momentum, energy, and water vapor. A simple parameterization of vegetation-soil layers is incorporated in this 2-D model. Using this coupled model, we study the biosphere and atmosphere interaction. Some preliminary results concerning the African drought with annual mean conditions are presented.

关键词： line heat

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Observations of abundant structural and electronic phases in potassium-doped single-layer p-quaterphenyl film

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第5期64卷 54-62页

作者： Wei Chen MingQiang Ren Tong Zhang YaJun Yan DongLai Feng 2 3 Slate Key Laboratory of Surface PhysicsDepartmen1 of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technologv of ChinaHefei 230026China Collaborative Innovation cener of Advanced Micosructures Nanjing 210093China

Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy is applied herein to study the pristine and potassium(K)-doped single-layer pquaterphenyl(P4P) films grown on the Au(111) substrate at the molecular level. Abundant complex structural and electronic phases are induced by various K doping. The Fermi-level pinning effect is observed at a low doping level. On the contrary,K3P4P exhibits intriguing versatile phases and properties because charge carriers are effectively doped in. For example, two kinds of molecular vibration modes with energies below 100 meV are observed, indicating a possible strong electron-phonon coupling. The splitting of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital state in K3P4P illustrates an electronic correlation effect, and its strength varies for four different K3P4P phases with different structures. In addition, the appearance of a Kondo resonance on the molecular vacancy/impurity implies a local molecular magnetic moment. Our results demonstrate that the complex electronic properties of an alkali metal-doped P4P/Au film stem from the existence of many competing interactions, such as electronelectron correlations and electron-vibration coupling, which can be effectively tuned via variable carrier doping and molecular structure. Our work also opens new routes toward engineering novel molecular devices and creating new electronic phases in strongly correlated molecular materials.

关键词： scanning tunneling microscopy phenyl-based molecular film electronic correlation electron-vibration coupling Kondo effect

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