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Physical characteristics of conditioned anaerobic digested sludge-A fractal, transient and dynamic rheological viewpoint

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第8期23卷 1266-1273页

作者： Yili Wang Emilie Dieude-Fauvel Steven K Dentel College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19711 USA cemagref les palaquins 03150 montoldre Paris France

The changes in the physical characteristics of unconditioned and conditioned anaerobic digested sludge （ADS） biosolids, such as capillary suction time （CST）, yield stress, average size and fractal dimensions, were investigated through a CST test, transient and dynamic rheological test and image analysis. The results showed that the optimum polymer dose range was observed when CST or its reciprocal value was employed as an indicator. There were good correlations between the yield stresses determined from both a controlled shear stress test and a strain amplitude sweep test. The yield stress and storage modulus （G＇） increased as the polymer dose increased in most cases. A frequency sweep test revealed that polymer conditioning could extend the frequency sweep ranges for their elastic behaviors over viscous behaviors as well as the gel-like structure in the linear viscoelastic range. These results implied that more deformation energy was stored in this rigid structure, and that elastic behavior became increasingly dominant with the addition of the polymer in most cases, In addition, both the average sizes and two-dimensional fractal dimensions for conditioned ADS biosolids presented a similar up-climax-down variation trend as the polymer doses increased, whereas the critical polymer doses at the highest average sizes or two-dimensional fractal dimensions, were different. Correlation analysis revealed that the conditioned ADS dewaterability was not correlated with the yield stresses, while the average sizes or the two-dimensional fractal dimensions for conditioned ADS biosolids could be taken as the indication parameters for ADS dewaterability.

关键词： anaerobic digested sludge conditioning dynamic oscillatory test yield stress fractal dimensions polymer dose

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Eco-innovative design approach： Integrating quality and environmental aspects in prioritizing and solving engineering problems

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第3期9卷 203-217页

作者： Mahmoud CHAKROUN Grigore GOGU Thomas PACAUD Francois THIRION Institut Pascal Campus de Clermont-Ferrand/les Cezeaux Aubiere63175 France lrstea-UR TSCF-Domaine des palaquins Montoldre 03150 France

This study proposes an eco-innovative design process taking into consideration quality and environ- mental aspects in prioritizing and solving technical engineering problems. This approach provides a synergy between the Life Cycle Assessment （LCA）, the non- quality matrix, the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving （TRIZ）, morphological analysis and the Analytical Hier- archy Process （AHP）. In the sequence of these tools, LCA assesses the environmental impacts generated by the system. Then, for a better consideration of environmental aspects, a new tool is developed, the non-quality matrix, which defines the problem environmental point of view. to be solved first from an The TRIZ method allows the generation of new concepts and contradiction resolution. Then, the morphological analysis offers the possibility of extending the search space of solutions in a design problem in a systematic way. Finally, the AHP identifies the promising solution（s） by providing a clear logic for the choice made. Their usefulness has been demonstrated through their application to a case study involving a centrifugal spreader with spinning discs.

关键词： eco-innovation non-quality matrix TRIZ,composted product spreading

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