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Targeting cholesterol trafficking to mitigate axonal degeneration in hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1397-1398页

作者： Zhenyu Chen Xue-Jun Li Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Illinois College of Medicine RockfordRockfordILUSA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Axonal degeneration underlies many debilitating diseases including hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP),a genetically and clinically diverse group of disorders characterized by spasticity and weakness of the lower *** is one significant cause of chronic neurodisability due to the lack of effective treatments and a wide range of onset ages from early childhood to 70 years.

关键词： degeneration diseases hereditary

Deep learning automation of radiographic patterns for hallux valgus diagnosis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 105-109页

作者： Angela Hussain Cadence Lee Eric Hu Farid Amirouche Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Illinois College of MedicineChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Orthopaedics Surgery University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Northshore University Health SystemSkokieIL 6007United States

Artificial intelligence(AI)and deep learning are becoming increasingly powerful tools in diagnostic and radiographic *** learning has already been utilized for automated detection of pneumonia from chest radiographs,diabetic retinopathy,breast cancer,skin carcinoma classification,and metastatic lymphadenopathy detection,with diagnostic reliability akin to medical *** the World Journal of Orthopedics article,the authors apply an automated and AIassisted technique to determine the hallux valgus angle(HVA)for assessing HV foot *** the U-net neural network,the authors constructed an algorithm for pattern recognition of HV foot deformity from anteroposterior highresolution *** performance of the deep learning algorithm was compared to expert clinician manual performance and assessed alongside clinician-clinician *** authors found that the AI tool was sufficient in assessing HVA and proposed the system as an instrument to augment clinical *** further sophistication is needed to establish automated algorithms for more complicated foot pathologies,this work adds to the growing evidence supporting AI as a powerful diagnostic tool.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Hallux valgus Deep learning Automated radiography

肠上皮细胞Axin1缺失可调节肠道微生态预防结肠炎

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 241-256页

作者： Shari Garrett Yongguo Zhang Yinglin Xia Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Cancer Center University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL 60612USA

Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by specialized host cells and the gut ***/β-catenin signaling is essential for gastrointestinal development and homeostasis,and its dysregulation has been implicated in inflammation and colorectal ***1 negatively regulates activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling,but little is known regarding its role in regulating host–microbial interactions in health and ***,we aim to demonstrate that intestinal Axin1 determines gut homeostasis and host response to ***1 expression was analyzed in human inflammatory bowel disease *** explore the effects and mechanism of intestinal Axin1 in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colitis,we generated new mouse models with Axin1 conditional knockout in intestinal epithelial cell(IEC;Axin1^(ΔIEC))and Paneth cell(PC;Axin1^(ΔPC))to compare with control(Axin1^(LoxP);LoxP:locus of X-over,P1)*** found increased Axin1 expression in the colonic epithelium of human inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Axin1^(ΔIEC) mice exhibited altered goblet cell spatial distribution,PC morphology,reduced lysozyme expression,and enriched Akkermansia muciniphila(***).The absence of intestinal epithelial and PC Axin1 decreased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in ***1^(ΔIEC) and Axin1^(ΔPC)mice became more susceptible to DSS-colitis after cohousing with control *** with *** reduced DSS-colitis *** treatment did not change the IEC proliferation in the Axin1Loxp ***,the intestinal proliferative cells in Axin1^(ΔIEC)mice with antibiotic treatment were reduced compared with those in Axin1^(ΔIEC) mice without *** data suggest non-colitogenic effects driven by the gut *** conclusion,we found that the loss of intestinal Axin1 protects against colitis,likely driven by epithelial Axin1 and Axin1-associated *** study demonstrates a novel role of Axin1 in mediating intes

关键词： Axin1 Bacteria Microbiome inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Immunity Microbiome Paneth cells Akkermansia muciniphila Wnt

The Anticancer Potential of Quassinoids-A Mini-Review

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 27-38页

作者： Cai Lu Si-Nan Lu Di Di Wei-Wei Tao Lu Fan Jin-Ao Duan Ming Zhao Chun-Tao Che Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resource Industrialization Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resource Industrialization and Formulae Innovative medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China School of Chinese medicine&School of Integrated Chinese and Western medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China School of medicine&Holistic Integrative medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

The anticancer potential of quassinoids has attracted a great deal of attention for decades,and scientific data revealing their possible applications in cancer management are continuously increasing in the *** from the potent cytotoxic and antitumor properties of these degraded triterpenes,several quassinoids have exhibited synergistic effects with anticancer *** article provides an overview of the potential anticancer properties of quassinoids,including their cytotoxic and antitumor activities,mechanisms of action,safety evaluation,and potential benefits in combination with anticancer drugs.

关键词： Quassinoid Anticancer potential Antiproliferative mechanism Safety evaluation Synergistical combination with anticancer drugs

Recurrent cyclops lesion after primary resection of fibroreactive nodule following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 495-497页

作者： Cadence Lee Farid Amirouche Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Illinois College of MedicineChicagoIL 60612United States

In this case report featured in World Journal of Orthopedics,Kelmer et al describe a rare finding of a 28-year-old female patient who presented with a recurrent fibroreactive nodule 7 months following the resection of a primary cyclops lesion,suggesting recurrent cyclops *** patient had undergone an initial anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction for a non-contact right knee injury and reported successful *** years later,the patient sustained a repeat right knee injury followed by a positive McMurray test and acute pain with terminal *** synovectomy confirmed magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)finding of a cyclops lesion,which was surgically *** months postoperatively,the patient reported stiffness and difficulty with terminal *** MRI indicated a recurrent cyclops lesion,which was surgically *** resection of the second lesion,the patient underwent physical therapy and achieved full range of motion,maintaining complete recovery 19 months *** cyclops lesions have rarely been reported in the literature,and this article is novel in its report of recurrent cyclops syndrome following a bone-patellar tendon-bone *** presentation of this unusual finding exposes a need for further investigation of cyclops lesion pathology,which will aid its prevention and treatment.

关键词： Cyclops lesion Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Fibrous nodule Bone-patellar-tendon-bone allograft Cyclops syndrome

Association between balloon atrial septostomy and prostaglandin E1 therapy until repair of transposition of the great arteries in neonates

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第2期8卷 135-138页

作者： Samantha Gilg Sebastian Acosta Rohit S.Loomba Claire Rizk Gary E.Stapleton David Faraoni Fabio Savorgnan Department of Pediatrics Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and CardiologyTexas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of CardiologyTexas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Pediatrics The Heart InstituteAdvocate Children’s HospitalChicago Medical School and Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceOak LawnIllinoisUSA Department of Anesthesiology Arthur S.Keats Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular AnesthesiaPerioperative and Pain MedicineTexas Children’s HospitalBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA

The standard of care in the management of d-transposition of the great arteries(TGA)includes the arterial switch operation(ASO).1,2 Although some institutions have begun to publish the results of performing the ASO within the first few hours of life,most centers continue to"electively"delay ASO for several days to allow for a reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance and the stabilization of renal and liver function.1,2 The early initiation of prostaglandin E1(PGE)infusion to maintain ductal patency is a nearly universal component of therapy in order to maintain adequate arterial oxygen saturation and systemic oxygen delivery during the pre-operative period via intercirculatory mixing at the atrial septal and patent ductus arteriosus levels1,3.

关键词： balloon maintain stabilization

Hepatic TRPC3 loss contributes to chronic alcohol consumption-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury in mice

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 51-66页

作者： Qinchao Ding Rui Guo Liuyi Hao Qing Song Ai Fu Shanglei Lai Tiantian Xu Hui Zhuge Kaixin Chang Yanli Chen Haibin Wei Daxi Ren Zhaoli Sun Zhenyuan Song Xiaobing Dou Songtao Li School of Public Health Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310053China college of Animal Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612United States School of Life Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310053China Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States

Emerging evidence discloses the involvement of calcium channel protein in the pathological process of liver *** receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3(TRPC3),a ubiquitously expressed non-selective cation channel protein,controls proliferation,inflammation,and immune response via operating calcium influx in various ***,our understanding on the biofunction of hepatic TRPC3 is still *** present study aims to clarify the role and potential mechanism(s)of TRPC3 in alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD).We recently found that TRPC3 expression plays an important role in the disease process of *** exposure led to a significant reduction of hepatic TRPC3 in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis(AH)and ALD ***(N-acetylcysteine and mitoquinone)intervention improved alcohol-induced suppression of TRPC3 via a miR-339-5p-involved ***3 loss robustly aggravated the alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury in mouse liver;this was associated with the suppression of Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2(CAMKK2)/AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and dysregulation of genes related to lipid ***3 loss also enhanced hepatic inflammation and early fibrosis-like change in *** hepatic TRPC3 effectively reversed chronic alcohol-induced detrimental alterations in ALD ***,chronic alcohol exposure-induced TRPC3 reduction contributes to the pathological development of ALD via suppression of the CAMKK2/AMPK *** stress-stimulated miR-339-5p upregulation contributes to alcohol-reduced ***3 is the requisite and a potential target to defend alcohol consumption-caused ALD.

关键词： TRPC3 alcohol-associated liver disease miR-339-5p hepatic steatosis liver injury CAMKK2/AMPK

Role of fecal microbiota transplant in management of hepatic encephalopathy: Current trends and future directions

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 17-32页

作者： Yash R Shah Hassam Ali Angad Tiwari David Guevara-Lazo Natalia Nombera-Aznaran Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani Harishankar Gopakumar Amir H Sohail SriLakshmiDevi Kanumilli Ernesto Calderon-Martinez Geetha Krishnamoorthy Nimish Thakral Dushyant Singh Dahiya Department of Internal medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal medicine Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical CollegeJhansi 284001India Faculty of medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 15102Peru Department of Internal medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Surgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal medicine GSL Medical CollegeRajamahendravaram 533296India Department of Internal medicine Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad De Mexico 04510Mexico Department of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States

Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)offers a potential treatment avenue for hepatic encephalopathy(HE)by leveraging beneficial bacterial displacement to restore a balanced gut *** prevalence of HE varies with liver disease severity and *** pathogenesis involves ammonia toxicity,gut-brain communication disruption,and *** aims to restore gut microbiota balance,addressing these ***'s efficacy has been explored in various conditions,including *** suggest that FMT can modulate gut microbiota,reduce ammonia levels,and alleviate *** has shown promise in alcohol-associated,hepatitis B and C-associated,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** include improved liver function,cognitive function,and the slowing of disease ***,larger,controlled studies are needed to validate its effectiveness in these *** have shown cognitive improvements through FMT,with potential benefits in cirrhotic ***,trials have demonstrated reduced serious adverse events and cognitive enhancements in FMT arms compared to the standard of *** evidence is promising,challenges remain:Limited patient numbers,varied dosages,administration routes,and donor *** large-scale,controlled trials are essential to establish standardized guidelines and ensure FMT's clinical applications and *** FMT holds potential for HE management,ongoing research is needed to address these challenges,optimize protocols,and expand its availability as a therapeutic option for diverse hepatic conditions.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Fecal microbiota transplant Cognitive impairment Liver cirrhosis Chronic liver disease

Multiaxially-stretchable kirigami-patterned mesh design for graphene sensor devices

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1406-1412页

作者： Hyo Chan Lee Ezekiel YHsieh Keong Yong SungWoo Nam Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA carle illinois college of medicine University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignChampaignIllinois 61820USA

In wearable electronics,significant research has gone into imparting stretchability and flexibility to otherwise rigid electronic components while maintaining their electrical *** far,this has been achieved through various geometric modifications of the rigid conductive components themselves,such as with microcracked,buckled,or planar meander ***,strategic placement of these resulting components within the overall devices,such as embedding them at the neutral plane,has been found to further enhance mechanical stability under ***,these strategies are still limited in performance,failing to achieve fully strain-insensitive electrical performance under biaxial stretching,twisting,and mixed strain ***,we developed a new platform for wearable,motion artifact-free sensors using a graphene-based multiaxially stretchable kirigami-patterned mesh *** normalized resistance change of the electrodes and graphene embedded in the structure is smaller than 0.5%and 0.23%under 180°torsion and 100%biaxial strain,***,the resistance change is limited to 5%under repeated stretching-releasing cycles from 0%to 100%biaxial *** addition,we investigated the deformation mechanisms of the structure with finite element *** on the simulation results,we derived a dimensionless geometric parameter that enables prediction of stretchability of the structure with high ***,as a proof-of-concept,we demonstrated a biaxially-stretchable graphene-based sensor array capable of monitoring of temperature and glucose level with minimized motion-artifacts.

关键词： kirigami mesh strain-insensitive wearable graphene glucose