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Nonlinear optical imaging by detection with optical parametric amplification(invited paper)

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2023年第1期16卷 5-14页

作者： Yi Sun Haohua Tu Stephen A.Boppart Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL 61801USA carle illinois college of medicine University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL 61801USA

Nonlinear optical imaging is a versatile tool that has been proven to be exceptionally useful in various research ***,due to the use of photomultiplier tubes(PMTs),the wide application of nonlinear optical imaging is limited by the incapability of imaging under am-bient *** this paper,we propose and demonstrate a new optical imaging detection method based on optical parametric amplification(OPA).As a nonlinear optical process,OPA in-trinsically rejects ambient light photons by coherence *** poled lithium niobate(PPLN)crystals are used in this study as the media for *** to bulk nonlinear optical crystals,PPLN crystals support the generation of OPA signal with lower pump ***,this characteristic of PPLN crystals is particularly beneficial when using high-repetition-rate lasers,which facilitate high-speed optical signal detection,such as in spec-troscopy and imaging.A PPLN-based OPA system was built to amplify the emitted imaging signal from second harmonic generation(SHG)and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering(CARS)microscopy imaging,and the amplified optical signal was strong enough to be detected by a biased photodiode under ordinary room light *** OPA detection,ambient-light-on SHG and CARS imaging becomes possible,and achieves a similar result as PMT detection under strictly dark *** results demonstrate that OPA can be used as a substitute for PMTs in nonlinear optical imaging to adapt it to various applications with *** ing conditions.

关键词： Nonlinear optical microscopy optical parametric amplification optical detection

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Restoration of Mitochondrial Structure and Function within Helicobacter pylori VacA Intoxicated Cells

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第8期13卷 399-419页

作者： Robin L. Holland Kristopher D. Bosi Ami Y. Seeger Steven R. Blanke Department of Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Department of Microbiology School of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Biomedical and Translational Sciences Department Carle Illinois College of Medicine University of Illinois Urbana IL USA

The Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) is an intracellular, mitochondrial-targeting exotoxin that rapidly causes mitochondrial dysfunction and fragmentation. Although VacA targeting of mitochondria has been reported to alter overall cellular metabolism, there is little known about the consequences of extended exposure to the toxin. Here, we describe studies to address this gap in knowledge, which have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction and fragmentation are followed by a time-dependent recovery of mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and cellular ATP levels. Cells exposed to VacA also initially demonstrated a reduction in oxidative phosphorylation, as well as increase in compensatory aerobic glycolysis. These metabolic alterations were reversed in cells with limited toxin exposure, congruent with the recovery of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and the absence of cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. Taken together, these results are consistent with a model that mitochondrial structure and function are restored in VacA-intoxicated cells.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori VacA Vacuolating Cytotoxin Mitochondria Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mitochondrial Fission Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential ATP Mitochondrial Dynamics Oxidative Phosphorylation

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Systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chronic Diseases and Translational medicine 2018年第3期4卷 148-155页

作者： Manushi Aggarwal Abeer Arain Zhaohui Jin carle Cancer Center Carle Foundation Hospital509 W.University AvenueUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Internal medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with high mortality worldwide. Treatment options for patients with advanced stage HCC remain a great challenge. However, novel agents especially small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor and innovative immunotherapy demonstrate new promising therapeutic options for these patients. This review article summarizes systemic treatment options evaluated in HCC focusing on the most recently published data and ongoing studies.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Systemic treatment Immunotherapy Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

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Multiaxially-stretchable kirigami-patterned mesh design for graphene sensor devices

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1406-1412页

作者： Hyo Chan Lee Ezekiel YHsieh Keong Yong SungWoo Nam Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA carle illinois college of medicine University of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignChampaignIllinois 61820USA

In wearable electronics,significant research has gone into imparting stretchability and flexibility to otherwise rigid electronic components while maintaining their electrical *** far,this has been achieved through various geometric modifications of the rigid conductive components themselves,such as with microcracked,buckled,or planar meander ***,strategic placement of these resulting components within the overall devices,such as embedding them at the neutral plane,has been found to further enhance mechanical stability under ***,these strategies are still limited in performance,failing to achieve fully strain-insensitive electrical performance under biaxial stretching,twisting,and mixed strain ***,we developed a new platform for wearable,motion artifact-free sensors using a graphene-based multiaxially stretchable kirigami-patterned mesh *** normalized resistance change of the electrodes and graphene embedded in the structure is smaller than 0.5%and 0.23%under 180°torsion and 100%biaxial strain,***,the resistance change is limited to 5%under repeated stretching-releasing cycles from 0%to 100%biaxial *** addition,we investigated the deformation mechanisms of the structure with finite element *** on the simulation results,we derived a dimensionless geometric parameter that enables prediction of stretchability of the structure with high ***,as a proof-of-concept,we demonstrated a biaxially-stretchable graphene-based sensor array capable of monitoring of temperature and glucose level with minimized motion-artifacts.

关键词： kirigami mesh strain-insensitive wearable graphene glucose

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Video-rate multimodal multiphoton imaging and three-dimensional characterization of cellular dynamics in wounded skin

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2020年第2期13卷 70-80页

作者： Joanne Li Madison N.Wilson Andrew J.Bower Marina Marjanovic Eric J.Chaney Ronit Barkalifa Stephen A.Boppart Department of Bioengineering University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana ILU.S.A Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana ILU.S.A Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana ILU.S.A carle illinois college of medicine University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana ILU.S.A

To date,numerous studies have been performed to elucidate the complex cellular dynamics in skin diseases,but few have attempted to characterize these cellular events under conditions similar to the native *** address this challenge,a three-dimensional(3D)multimodal analysis platform was developed for characterizing in vivo cellular dynamics in skin,which was then utilized to process in vivo wound healing data to demonstrate its *** attention is focused on in vivo biological parameters that are difficult to study with ex vivo analysis,including 3D cell tracking and techniques to connect biological information obtained from different imaging *** results here open new possibilities for evaluating 3D cellular dynamics in vivo,and can potentially provide new tools for characterizing the skin microenvironment and pathologies in the future.

关键词： Cellular dynamics multimodal imaging multiphoton microscopy

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Mechanisms of cisplatin sensitivity and resistance in testicular germ cell tumors

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 580-594页

作者： Ratnakar Singh Zeeshan Fazal Sarah J.Freemantle Michael J.Spinella Department of Comparative Biosciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA The carle illinois college of medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA The Cancer Center of illinois University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Testicular germ cell tumors(TGCTs)are a cancer pharmacology success story with a majority of patients cured even in the highly advanced and metastatic *** treatment of TGCTs is primarily due to the exquisite responsiveness of this solid tumor to cisplatin-based ***,a significant percentage of patients are,or become,refractory to cisplatin and die from progressive *** for both clinical hypersensitivity and resistance have largely remained a mystery despite the promise of applying lessons to the majority of solid tumors that are not curable in the metastatic ***,this promise has been heightened by the realization that distinct(and perhaps pharmacologically replicable)epigenetic states,rather than fixed genetic alterations,may play dominant roles in not only TGCT etiology and progression but also their curability with conventional *** this review,it discusses potential mechanisms of TGCT cisplatin sensitivity and resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics.

关键词： Testicular cancer embryonal carcinoma cisplatin resistance epigenetics testicular germ cell tumors DNA methylation p53

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Fluorescent nanodiamonds for characterization of nonlinear microscopy systems

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Photonics Research 2021年第12期9卷 2309-2318页

作者： MANTASŽURAUSKAS ANEESH ALEX JAENA PARK STEVE RHOOD STEPHEN A.BOPPART Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA GSK Center for Optical Molecular Imaging University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA GlaxoSmithKline CollegevillePennsylvania 19426USA GlaxoSmithKline StevenageHertfordshire SG12NYUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Cancer Center at illinois University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA carle illinois college of medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA

Characterizing the performance of fluorescence microscopy and nonlinear imaging systems is an essential step required for imaging system optimization and quality control during longitudinal experiments. Emerging multimodal nonlinear imaging techniques require a new generation of microscopy calibration targets that are not susceptible to bleaching and can provide a contrast across the multiple modalities. Here, we present a nanodiamond-based calibration target for microscopy, designed for facilitating reproducible measurements at the object plane. The target is designed to support day-to-day instrumentation development efforts in microscopy laboratories. The images of a phantom contain information about the imaging performance of a microscopy system across multiple spectral windows and modalities. Since fluorescent nanodiamonds are not prone to bleaching, the proposed imaging target can serve as a standard, shelf-stable sample to provide rapid reference measurements for ensuring consistent performance of microscopy systems in microscopy laboratories and imaging facilities.

关键词： nonlinear system diamond

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Subjectivities of the Scientific Endeavor:Noting the Illusion of Objectivity in the History of Science and medicine

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History & Philosophy of medicine 2022年第1期4卷 4-8页

作者： Imanni K.Sheppard carle illinois college of medicine IllinoisU.S.A.

The history of science and medicine has long been steeped in the notion that they are objective(untainted by the philosophical and ideological ebbs and flows of society)and utilitarian(doing what is best for the greater good).Because of this,scientific and medical epistemologies and praxis are often held to an esteem that is unquestioned,celebrated,and occasionally unchecked.A closer look at the history of science and medicine,however,readily reveal the extent to which the milieu of society has informed scientific and medical *** such,an understanding of how the subjectivities of scientific and medical endeavors situate within our contemporary disciplines and practices is significant to one’s ability to truly understand said ***,such an evaluation will provide insight into our role in perpetuating the illusion of objectivity in these *** this in mind,this paper provides a philosophical and historical examination of the concept of objectivity(in contrast to subjectivity)in science and medicine.

关键词： objectivity subjectivity history of science history of medicine natural law

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Overview of genetic signaling pathway interactions within cutaneous malignancies

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 440-479页

作者： Brittany S.Maner Leonie Dupuis Ashley Su Jeremy J Jueng Tanner P.Harding John Meisenheimer Ⅶ Fahad S.Siddiqui Mia R.Hardack Savina Aneja James A.Solomon Ross University School of medicine MiramarFL 33027USA Ameriderm Research Ormond BeachFL 32174USA University of Central Florida college of medicine OrlandoFL 32827USA University of South Florida Morsani college of medicine TampaFL 33612USA Alabama college of Osteopathic medicine DothanAL 36303USA Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery OrlandoFL 32806USA Florida State University college of medicine OrlandoFL 32304USA Kansas City University of medicine&Biosciences Kansas CityMO 64106USA carle-illinois college of medicine UrbanaIL 61820USA

Melanoma and non-melanoma cutaneous malignancies are some of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the United *** melanoma is more known to have a high mortality rate,the total mortality per year is nearly equal for between melanoma and non-melanoma skin ***,the non-melanoma types of cutaneous malignancies have potential to become locally invasive and even metastasize with very little to no treatment options when *** development of these malignancies involves various genetic pathways through the four hallmarks of cancer development:malignant cell growth,apoptosis evasion,the use of supporting stroma and vascularization,and modulating and promoting an inadequate immune *** genetic signaling pathways of basal cell carcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma,verrucous carcinoma,basosquamous cell carcinoma,melanoma,and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma interact with each other through genetic predisposition as well as with environmental ***,solar ultraviolet radiation and chronic inflammatory states are found to initiate the progression of many of these cutaneous *** paper includes validated models of genetic pathways,emerging pathways,and crosstalk between genetic pathways through the four hallmarks of cancer ***,unlike most reviews addressing oncogenetics of the well-recognized,as well as newly discovered,genetic pathway mutations,this review stresses that these pathways are not fixed but rather exist in dynamic,interrelated,interactive,complex,and adaptive flux states.

关键词： Basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma verrucous carcinoma basosquamous cell carcinoma melanoma cutaneous T-cell lymphoma genetic pathways cancer hallmarks

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Immune Cell Homing Biomaterials for Immunotherapy

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Accounts of Materials Research 2020年第3期1卷 172-174页

作者： Hua Wang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Bioengineeringthe Grainger College of EngineeringCancer Center at IllinoisCarle College of MedicineBeckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana−ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801United States

Immunotherapy,which boosts the systemic anticancer immune response,has shown promise in curing cancer.1 Checkpoint blockades,a successful type of immunotherapy,function by blocking the inhibitory signal between cancer cells and effector T *** this treatment has been approved by the FDA for various types of cancers,its utility is still limited by the low patient response rates and the severe side effects.2 Another type of immunotherapy,known as chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T therapy,which genetically modifies patients’T cells ex vivo before infusing them back into patients’bodies,has been approved by the FDA for treating ***,drawbacks of CAR T therapies such as the ineffectiveness against solid tumors,severe side effects,long processing time,and high cost remain to be addressed.3 Tackling these issues has motivated the development of new immunotherapies that can elicit potent and persistent cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)response and minimize off-target *** encouraging ability to modulate the function of antigen presenting cells(APCs)and orchestrate the priming of antigen-specific T cells has been actively pursued in therapeutic cancer vaccines,which function by delivering tumor antigens and adjuvants to APCs(e.g.,dendritic cells(DCs))to facilitate the generation of antigen-specific *** types of DCbased cancer vaccines,nanomaterial vaccines,and biomaterial scaffold-based cancer vaccines have been developed,and while their safety has been demonstrated in clinical trials,the antitumor efficacy is still limited,likely as a result of poor cancer-specific CTL response.

关键词： Immune likely curing

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