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Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China 2021:An Updated Summary

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期35卷 573-603页

作者： The Writing Committee of the Report on C The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China

In 2019,cardiovascular disease(CVD)accounted for 46.74%and 44.26%of all deaths in rural and urban areas,*** out of every five deaths were due to *** is estimated that about 330 million patients suffer from CVD in *** number of patients suffering from stroke,coronary heart disease,heart failure,pulmonary heart disease,atrial fibrillation,rheumatic heart disease,congenital heart disease,lower extremity artery disease and hypertension are 13.00 million,11.39 million,8.90 million,5.00 million,4.87 million,2.50 million,2.00 million,45.30 million,and 245.00 million,*** that China is challenged by the dual pressures of population aging and steady rise in the prevalence of metabolic risk factors,the burden caused by CVD will continue to increase,which has set new requirements for CVD prevention and treatment and the allocation of medical resources in *** is important to reduce the prevalence through primary prevention,increase the allocation of medical resources for CVD emergency and critical care,and provide rehabilitation services and secondary prevention to reduce the risk of recurrence,re-hospitalization and disability in CVD *** number of people suffering from hypertension,dyslipidemia and diabetes in China has reached hundreds of *** blood pressure,blood lipids,and blood glucose levels rise mostly insidiously,vascular disease or even serious events such as myocardial infarction and stroke often already occured at the time of detection in this ***,more strategies and tasks should be taken to prevent risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,obesity,and smoking,and more efforts should be made in the assessment of cardiovascular health status and the prevention,treatment,and research of early pathological changes.

关键词： cardiovascular disease Epidemiology Health influencing factors Risk factors Prevalence Mortality Community-based prevention and control Rehabilitation Basic research Medical device development

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Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China 2022:an Updated Summary

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第8期36卷 669-701页

作者： The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China

In the past 30 years,the accessibility and quality index of medical care have made remarkable progress in China,ranking the first among middle-income *** cardiovascular technologies are at or near the world's leading level,and significant progress has been achieved in China solving the problem of“treatment difficulty”of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).However,due to the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among Chinese residents,a huge population with CVD risk factors,accelerated population aging,and other reasons,the incidence and mortality rate of CVD are still increasing,and the turning point of the decline in disease burden has not appeared yet in *** terms of proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents,CVD still ranks the *** 2020,CVD accounted for 48.00%and 45.86%of the causes of death in rural and urban areas,respectively;two out of every five deaths were due to *** is estimated that the number of current CVD patients in China is around 330 million,including 13 million stroke,11.39 million coronary heart disease,8.9 million heart failure,5 million pulmonary heart disease,4.87 million atrial fibrillation,2.5 million rheumatic heart disease,2 million congenital heart disease,45.3 million peripheral artery disease,and 245 million hypertension *** has entered a new stage of transformation from high-speed development to high-quality development,and the prevention and control of CVD in China should also shift from previous emphasis on scale growth to strategies focusing more on strategic and key technological development in order to curb the trend of increasing incidence and mortality rates of CVD.

关键词： cardiovascular disease Epidemiology Health influencing factor Risk factor Prevalence Mortality Community-based prevention and control Rehabilitation Basic research Medical device development

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Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2021: an updated summary

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第6期20卷 399-430页

作者： The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China Sheng-Shou HU The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China 机构不详

In 2019,cardiovascular disease(CVD)accounted for 46.74%and 44.26%of all deaths in rural and urban areas,*** out of every five deaths were attributed to *** is estimated that approximately 330 million individuals in China are affected by *** them,there are 13 million cases of stroke,11.4 million cases of coronary heart disease,5 million cases of pulmonary heart disease,8.9 million cases of heart failure,4.9 million cases of atrial fibrillation,2.5 million cases of rheumatic heart disease,2 million cases of congenital heart disease,45.3 million cases of lower extremity artery disease,and 245 million cases of *** the dual challenges of population aging and a steady increase in the prevalence of metabolic risk factors,the burden of CVD in China is expected to continue ***,new demands arise for CVD prevention,treatment,and the allocation of medical *** primary prevention to reduce disease prevalence,increasing the allocation of medical resources for CVD emergency and critical care,and providing rehabilitation services and secondary prevention to reduce the risk of recurrence,rehospitalization,and disability among CVD survivors are of paramount ***,dyslipidemia,and diabetes affect millions of individuals in *** blood pressure,blood lipids,and blood sugar levels often rise insidiously,vascular disease and serious events such as myocardial infarction and stroke occur by the time they are detected in this ***,it is crucial to implement strategies and measures to prevent risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,obesity,and ***,greater efforts should be directed towards assessing cardiovascular health status and conducting research on early pathological changes to enhance prevention,treatment,and understanding of CVD.

关键词： prevention cardiovascular sugar

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Rehabilitation of cardiovascular diseases in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第11期21卷 1003-1014页

作者： Sheng-Shou HU The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China

The Annual Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in *** connection with the previous section,this 12th section of the report offers a comprehensive analysis of rehabilitation of cardiovascular *** recent years,China’s cardiac rehabilitation has developed vigorously,and its clinical benefits have been proven by more and more *** cardiac rehabilitation centers are built and standards are constantly being *** the rapid development and progress,there are still major shortcomings in the current situation,such as lack of awareness among patients and families about the significance and importance of cardiac rehabilitation,and under participation in cardiac rehabilitation;the development of cardiac rehabilitation is uneven,with the majority concentrated in tertiary hospitals in economically developed areas;lack of high-level evidence-based evidences,quality control and safety standards need to be improved;the medical payment system is not thorough;lack of a systematic training and admission system,hindering the development of cardiac rehabilitation in ***,continuous efforts are needed to strengthen the construction of cardiac rehabilitation centers,which should sink from tertiary hospitals to secondary and primary medical service centers;encourage clinical research on cardiac rehabilitation;introduce consensus on quality control and safety standards;explore more on phase III cardiac rehabilitation;increase investment in integrating high-tech,artificial intelligence,*** the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine,exploring a Chinese characteristic cardiac rehabilitation model that is in line with China’s national ***-based medicine has confirmed that rehabilitation is the most effective method to reduce the disability rate of stroke,and it is also an indispensable key sector in the organized management model of ***

关键词： centers rehabilitation integrating

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A systematic,updated review of Xuezhikang,a domestically developed lipid-lowering drug,in the application of cardiovascular diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第10期14卷 4228-4242页

作者： Cheng Yang Yongjian Wu Jie Qian Jian-Jun Li Cardiometabolic Center Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China

cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are a major threat to public health globally.A large proportion of people with dyslipidaemia have poorly controlled lipid levels,emphasizing the need for alternative lipid-lowering treatments that are both effective and ***,a red yeast rice(RYR)extract,containing 13 kinds of monacolins and other bioactive components,emerges as one such promising *** discovery was built on a long history of RYR use as a functional food supplement and traditional Chinese *** randomized,controlled clinical trials have substantiated its lipid-lowering effects and its potential to protect against *** concerns with statins did not arise during decades of experience with Xuezhikang treatment in clinical *** approval of Xuezhikang in multiple regions of Asia marked a conceptual shift in CVD management,moving from single agents to polypills and from synthetic medicines to natural *** review comprehensively addresses important topics related to this medicinal natural extract,including the ancient utilization of RYR,the development of Xuezhikang,its mechanisms of action,pleiotropic effects,clinical studies,challenges,and future perspectives to enhance our understanding regarding the role of Xuezhikang,a representative,domestic lipid-lowering drug of RYR,in prevention and treatment of CVD.

关键词： Red yeast rice Xuezhikang Natural extract Traditional Chinese medicine cardiovascular disease Dyslipidaemia Lipid-lowering cardiovascular prevention

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Community-based prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第3期21卷 315-322页

作者： Sheng-Shou HU The Writing Committee of the Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

The Annual Report on cardiovascular Health and diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in *** is the third section of the report with a specific focus on community-based prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).This section of the report underscores the importance of initiatives outlined in the"Healthy China 2030 Plan,"emphasizing the comprehensive prevention and control strategy for chronic diseases.A key aspect of this plan involves the establishment of national demonstration areas aimed at comprehensive prevention and control of chronic *** 2020,488 such areas had been set up across China,surpassing the initial target and covering a significant proportion of counties and *** report highlights the successful implementation of these strategies in Lishan district,Anshan city,where demonstration areas for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases were launched in *** the course of seven years,the number of healthy units increased substantially,leading to improvements in managing risk factors for CVD among *** reductions in prevalence rates of overweight,obesity,smoking,passive smoking,and drinking were observed,along with the development of healthier behaviors among ***,Qiaokou district in Wuhan City,designated as a national demonstration area in 2014,implemented comprehensive public health promotion ***,special clinics for hypertension intervention were established,contributing to an increase in self-reported rates of hypertension,a slight decrease in prevalence,and a remarkable improvement in the control rate among treated ***,these efforts underscore the effectiveness of community-based approaches in driving positive health outcomes and advancing the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases,particularly cardiovascular diseases,in China.

关键词： prevention district treatment

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China cardiovascular diseases report 2018: an updated summary

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第1期17卷 1-8页

作者： Li-Yuan MA Wei-Wei CHEN Run-Lin GAO Li-Sheng LIU Man-Lu ZHU Yong-Jun WANG Zhao-Su WU Hui-Jun LI Dong-Feng GU Yue-Jin YANG Zhe ZHENG Sheng-Shou HU National Center for cardiovascular diseases BeijingChina Beijing Tiantan Hospital BeijingChina Beijing Anzhen Hospital BeiingChina

1 Introduction Rapid socioeconomic progress has greatly affected the lifestyle in ***,owing to lifestyle changes,urbanization,and accelerated population aging,the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)has *** incidence of CVD has been increasing continuously and this upward trend is projected to continue in the next *** growing burden of CVD has become a major public health issue.

关键词： cardiovascular diseases Heart failure Risk factors

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China cardiovascular diseases report 2015： a summary

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Wei-Wei CHEN Run-Lin GAO Li-Sheng LIU Man-Lu ZHU Wen WANG Yong-Jun WANG Zhao-Su WU Hui-Jun LI Dong-Feng GU Yue-Jin YANG Zhe ZHENG Li-Xin JIANG Sheng-Shou HU National Center for cardiovascular diseases Beijing China Beijing Tiantan Hospital Beijing China Beijing Anzhen Hospital Beijing China

1 Introduction Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years. An epidemic of cardiovascular diseases （CVD） in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes, urbanization, and the accelerated process of aging. The incidence of CVD is continuously increasing and will remain an upward trend in the next decade. Since 2005,

关键词： Atrial fibrillation cardiovascular diseases Hypertension Risk factors Statistics Stroke

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Regional Variations in Medication Usage for cardiovascular diseases at the Community Level in China (PURE-China Study)

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第6期30卷 450-454页

作者： YANG Jin Gang, GU Hong Qiu BO Jian WANG Yang LI Wei State Key Laboratory of cardiovascular Disease National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases Fu Wai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

We investigated the usage of secondary prevention drugs and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） products in individuals with cardiovascular diseases （CVDs） at the community level in China. Among 2,407 participants with self-reported coronary heart disease （CHD） and 872 with stroke, nearly 80% of individuals with CHD and 73% of individuals with stroke were not taking any proven secondary prevention drug. However, 32.9% of them took TCM products. Patients with CVDs in rural areas used less secondary prevention treatment, but more TCM products than their counterparts in the urban regions. After adjusting for confounding factors, lower rates of secondary prevention treatment were evident in Western China compared with Eastern China, which was more developed. Systematic change is needed to promote the development of evidence-based medicine at the community level in China.

关键词： Regional Medication cardiovascular diseases

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Roles and mechanisms of ginsenoside in cardiovascular diseases: progress and perspectives

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第3期59卷 292-298页

作者： Yingying Sun Yue Liu Keji Chen cardiovascular diseases Centre Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Ginseng is among the oldest traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and is widely used in China and Southeast Asia. Over the past 50 years, considerable research has focused on the chemical constituents, pharmacological action, and clinical applications of ginseng. In this review, we examine the current state of research on ginseng, including the main active ingredient ginsenoside, its pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system, and mechanisms of action. We focus on what is known of the effects of ginseng against atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, and its inhibition of ventricular remodeling, providing a basis for expanding the clinical applications of ginseng.

关键词： ginseng ginsenoside cardiovascular disease mechanisms

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