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Polydatin ameliorates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating macrophage polarization

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 25-34页

作者： Hai-Li Bao chuan-Zhi Chen Chang-Zhen ren Ke-Yan Sun Hao Liu Shao-Hua Song Zhi-ren Fu department of Organ Transplantation Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNavy Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China department of Surgical Oncology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China department of cardiology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China department of General Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Background:Polydatin,a glucoside of resveratrol,has shown protective effects against various diseases.However,little is known about its effect on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury.This study aimed to elucidate whether polydatin protects liver against I/R-induced injury and to explore the underlying mechanism.methods:After gavage feeding polydatin once daily for a week,mice underwent a partial hepatic I/R procedure.Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase(AST),hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining were used to evaluate liver injury.The severity related to the inflammatory response and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was also investigated.Furthermore,immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect macrophage polarization and the NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages.results:Compared with the I/R group,polydatin pretreatment significantly attenuated I/R-induced liver damage and apoptosis.The oxidative stress marker(dihydroethidium fluorescence,malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase)and I/R related inflammatory cytokines(interleukin1β,interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α)were significantly suppressed after polydatin treatment.In addition,the result of immunofluorescence indicated that polydatin reduced the polarization of macrophages toward m1 macrophages both in vivo and in vitro.Western blotting showed that polydatin inhibited the pro-inflammatory function of RAW264.7 via down-regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusions:Polydatin protects the liver from I/R injury by remodeling macrophage polarization via NFκB signaling.

关键词： Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury Polydatin macrophage Polarization Inflammation

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Hepatocardiorenal syndrome in liver cirrhosis:recognition of a new entity?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 128-136页

作者： Henry H L Wu Amina Rakisheva Arvind Ponnusamy Rajkumar Chinnadurai renal research Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital&The University of SydneySt.Leonards(Sydney)2065New South WalesAustralia department of cardiology City Cardiological CenterAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan department of renal medicine Royal Preston HospitalPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Donal O’Donoghue renal research Centre&department of renal medicine Northern Care Alliance National Health Service Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom

Emerging evidence and perspectives have pointed towards the heart playing an important role in hepatorenal syndrome(HRS),outside of conventional understanding that liver cirrhosis is traditionally considered the sole origin of a cascade of pathophysiological mechanisms directly affecting the kidneys in this context.In the absence of established heart disease,cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may occur more frequently in those with liver cirrhosis and kidney disease.It is a specific form of cardiac dysfunction characterized by blunted contractile responsiveness to stress stimuli and altered diastolic relaxation with electrophysiological abnormalities.Despite the clinical description of these potential cardiac-related complications of the liver,the role of the heart has traditionally been an overlooked aspect of circulatory dysfunction in HRS.Yet from a physiological sense,temporality(prior onset)of cardiorenal interactions in HRS and positive effects stemming from portosystemic shunting demonstrated an important role of the heart in the development and progression of kidney dysfunction in cirrhotic patients.In this review,we discuss current concepts surrounding how the heart may influence the development and progression of HRS,and the role of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction causing circulatory dysfunction within this setting.The temporality of heart and kidney dysfunction in HRS will be discussed.For a subgroup of patients who receive portosystemic shunting,the dynamics of cardiorenal interactions following treatment is reviewed.Continued research to determine the unknowns in this topic is anticipated,hopefully to further clarify the intricacies surrounding the liver-heart-kidney connection and improve strategies for management.

关键词： Hepatorenal syndrome Cardiorenal syndrome Cirrhosis Cardiac dysfunction Circulatory dysfunction

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Incidence, Clinical Presentation and Angiographic Findings among Patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia in Gaza

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Health 2024年第3期16卷 234-241页

作者： mohammed Habib cardiology department Alshifa Hospital Gaza Palestine

Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare form of aneurysmal coronary heart disease. This condition increases risk of ischemia that leaded to stable angina pectoris and also acute coronary syndrome. Objective: To evaluate the incidence of CAE and to analyze clinical and angiographic characteristics among patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease. methods: retrospective trial of diagnostic coronary angiography which was performed at Alshifa hospital in Gaza, included all patients with coronary heart disease and underwent diagnostic coronary angiography from march 2014 to march 2023. We evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation and angiographic findings of patients with symptomatic coronary ectasia. results: Of the 12,534 angiograms analyzed, CAE was found in 539 patients, an incidence of 4.3%. The mean age was 59.2 ± 11.7 years, and male gender predominate 81.8%. A 285 (52.9%) of patients found to have single ectatic vessel at their angiographic results. In two vessels 120 patients (22.3%), in three vessels 95 patients (17.6%) and in three vessel plus left main in 39 patients (7.2%). 70.9% angiograms showed pure ectasia without associated significant stenotic lesions in the same vessel. The right coronary artery (RCA) was the commonest affected vessel by ectasia. The most common presentation of patients is non ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion: The incidence of coronary ectasia was 4.3%. Non ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome was the most common clinical presenting. Only 30% of patients have additionally significant coronary artery stenosis. The majority of patients had single vessel involvement and right coronary artery was the most common involved vessel. Despite a dapper understanding of CAE in last years, there are still come critical issues about optimal treatment. Large multicenter randomized control trials are recommended to guide the clinician in the management of this complex sitting of patients.

关键词： CAE STEmI Non-STE-ACS Stable Angina Pectoris

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Effect of Trimetazidine on Functional Capacity in Patient with Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy (TOFCAPI)

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International Journal of Clinical medicine 2024年第2期15卷 55-67页

作者： mohsin Ahmed Golam morshed mahmood Hasan Khan md. Arifur Rahman muhammed Aminur Razzaque Shariful Islam Sayeedur Rahman Khan Chowdhury md. Kudrat-E-Khuda Salahuddin Anis Shiblee md. Habibur Rahman department of cardiology National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Dhaka Bangladesh department of cardiology Government Employee’s Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh department of cardiology Delta Hospital Ltd. Dhaka Bangladesh IPDI Foundation Dhaka Bangladesh

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of trimetazidine on exercise capacity via a six-minute walk test in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and also evaluate the effect of trimetazidine on left ventricular function via echocardiography in the same population. methods: This prospective observational study, conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in Dhaka, Bangladesh, enrolled 200 patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and a depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF results: In this study (n = 200) of ischaemic cardiomyopathy patients, the mean age was 58 years, with 76% of the patients being male. All study subjects received GDmT (Guideline-Directed medical Therapy) for angina and heart failure. Those who received the modified released form of trimetazidine developed lesions during the 1st and 2nd follow-ups, during which the LVEF, LVIDd, and six-minute walk distance significantly improved (p Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrated that the addition of modified-release trimetazidine to GDmT can improve exercise capacity and left ventricular function in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

关键词： Bangladesh Heart Failure Exercise Capacity Trimetazidine Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy

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Therapeutic advances in atrial fibrillation based on animal models

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 135-152页

作者： Qian GONG Xuan LE Pengcheng YU Lenan ZHUANG Institute of Genetics and reproduction College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and regenerative medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310016China

Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia among humans,with its incidence increasing significantly with age.Despite the high frequency of AF in clinical practice,its etiology and management remain elusive.To develop effective treatment strategies,it is imperative to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of AF;therefore,the establishment of animal models of AF is vital to explore its pathogenesis.While spontaneous AF is rare in most animal species,several large animal models,particularly those of pigs,dogs,and horses,have proven as invaluable in recent years in advancing our knowledge of AF pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutic options.This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of various animal models of AF,with an emphasis on the unique features of each model and its utility in AF research and treatment.The data summarized in this review provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of AF and can be used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of novel therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Animal model Therapeutic

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Angiographic Profile of Chronic Coronary Syndromes in the Catheterization Room. Single-Centre Study Carried Out in the cardiology department of the chu Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar (Senegal)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第10期13卷 674-685页

作者： Cheikh mouhamadou Bamba mbacke Diop Radja Juste Bissakonou Nzaya Joseph Salvador mingou Papa Guirane Ndiaye Youssou Diouf Khadimu Rassoul Diop Demba Ware Balde Ahmadou Bamba Samb malick Bodian Fatou Aw Simon Antoine Sarr mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye Abdoul Kane maboury Diao cardiology department CHU Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal cardiology department Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Ischaemic heart disease is the cause of 7.4 million deaths per year. Their prevention is based on the management of cardiovascular risk factors, but also on the early detection and management of chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), for which few data are available in Africa. The main objective of our study was to determine the factors related to significative coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronarography for suspected chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive and analytical study over 2 years (from January, 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2019) in the cardiology department of the University Hospital Aristide Le DANTEC in Dakar. All patients admitted for coronary angiography for suspected chronic coronary syndrome were included. results: One hundred and fifty-two patients were included with a mean age of 60.79 ± 9.73 years, the most represented age group was 60 - 69 years. Advanced age was the most frequent risk factor (77.63%) followed by sedentary lifestyle (56.58%) and hypertension (41.45%). Diabetes was present in 17.1% of cases. A history of angioplasty was found in 1.97% of patients. Typical pain was found in 71.05% of cases, atypical pain in 19.74% and exertional dyspnoea in 2.63%. The pre-test probability was intermediate in 67.1% of cases, low in 25% and high in 7.9%. Significative coronary lesion was found in 52.63% of the patients, while coronary angiography was normal in the remaining cases. Tritroncular status was observed in 37.50%, it was bitroncular in 26.25% and monotroncular in 36.25% of cases. Factors associated with significative coronary artery disease were age (p = 0.0001), diabetes (p = 0.006), previous angioplasty (p = 0.023), previous myocardial infarction (p = 0.018), typical angina (p = 0.001), intermediate pretest probability (p = 0.001). Low pretest probability was significantly correlated with the absence of a coronary lesion with a p = 0.001. Conclusion: Our study shows that screening for chronic

关键词： Chronic Coronary Syndroms Coronarography Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar

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Blood Pressure Profile and Glycemic Control of Type 2 Diabetics and Hypertensives at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital: A review of 116 Cases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 61-76页

作者： G. R. C. millogo A. Thiam Y. Kambiré E. Nongkouni S. E. Dabiré L. J. Kagambéga J. K. Kologo V. N. Yaméogo P. Zabsonré department of cardiology Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso department of cardiology Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objective: The association hypertension and diabetes is important. The two pathologies may influence each other. The aim was to study the correlation between glycemic control and blood pressure control and to determine the factors associated with blood pressure control. methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical focus over 7 months. Patients were recruited as outpatients and all underwent ambulatory blood pressure measure, glycated hemoglobin and creatinine measurements, and assessment of compliance with treatment. results: During this period 116 patients were collected. The predominance was female 69%. The mean age of the patients was 62 ± 7 years with a peak between 60 and 70 years. The average age of hypertension was 12 years and that of diabetes 6 1/2 years. The most frequently associated cardiovascular risk factor was a sedentary lifestyle (71.5%) after age. 57.8% of patients were not controlled at the office, with a predominance of systolic hypertension (58.2%). 61.6% of patients were controlled by ambulatory blood pressure measure, a rate of 47.8% of white coat hypertension. Glycemic control was observed in 42.2% of cases and 87% of patients had good renal function (glomerular filter rate ≥ 60 ml/mn). Therapeutic compliance was good in 53.4% of cases and dual therapy was the most used therapeutic modality 44.8% (52 patients) followed by triple therapy. The factors associated with poor blood pressure control were glycemic imbalance, non-compliance and monotherapy. Dual therapy had a protective effect. Conclusion: The association of hypertension and type 2 diabetes is frequent. The risk of occurrence increases with age. Ambulatory blood pressure measure is the best method to assess blood pressure control. Optimization of blood pressure control should also include optimization of glycemic control.

关键词： Blood Pressure Control Glycemic Control Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients

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Assessment of Oral Anticoagulation with Vitamin K Antagonists in Patients Living in a Low-Income Country of West Africa

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 27-42页

作者： Komlavi Yayehd Tchaa Tcherou Hervé Libérus A. Edorh Agossou Defodji mohamed Kpelafia Ekpé Togbossi Ablawa Adzodo Soulemane Pessinaba machihude Pio Soodogoua Baragou Findibe Damorou department of cardiology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lomé Lomé Togo department of cardiology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Kara Kara Togo

Introduction: Despite the rise of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), vitamin K antagonists (VKA) remain the most widely used oral anticoagulants in developing countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of good anticoagulation in patients treated with VKA in Lomé and describe associated factors. methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from November 2019 to October 2020 in the cardiology departments of two University teaching hospitals in Lomé (chu Sylvanus Olympio and chu Campus), involving patients on VKA for ≥3 months, with a target international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5 and a therapeutic margin between 2 and 3. The quality of anticoagulation was assessed by the time in therapeutic range (TTR) which was assessed by the Rosendaal method. Good anticoagulation was defined by a TTR > 70%. results: A total of 344 patients were included (mean age = 58 ± 13.8 years, women = 56.1%). Indications for VKA treatment were represented by venous thromboembolic disease (43.3%), supraventricular arrhythmia (28.2%), severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (19.8%) and pulmonary hypertension (8.7%). The average TTR was 47.6 ± 20.8%. The rate of good anticoagulation was 17.7%. Factors associated with good anticoagulation were the use of fluindione vs acenocoumarol (OR = 11.17;95% CI: 3.2 - 39.6;p = 0.0002), concomitant low-dose aspirin (OR 4.44;95% CI: 1.4 - 13.9;p = 0.01) and INR monitoring exclusively by the patient himself (OR = 4.92;95% CI: 1.5 - 16.3;p = 0.008). The rate of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications was each 2.6% and was not correlated with the quality of anticoagulation. Quality of anticoagulation by VKAs was poor in our practice. Factors associated with good anticoagulation were the use of fluindione vs acenocoumarol, concomitant low-dose aspirin and monitoring of INR exclusively by the patient himself. Conclusion: The quality of oral anticoagulation by VKAs could be improved in our practice by the creation of anticoagulation clinics for better therapeutic educati

关键词： Vitamin K Antagonists Time in Therapeutic Range Lomé Togo

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Cellular senescence-driven transcriptional reprogramming of the mAFB/NOTCH3 axis activates the PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes osteosarcoma progression

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 952-963页

作者： Zhenhao Zhang Doudou Jing Baijun Xuan Zhicai Zhang Wei Wu Zengwu Shao department of Orthopedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China department of Orthopedics The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030001China department of cardiology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bones and primarily occurs in adolescents and young adults.However,a second smaller peak of osteosarcoma incidence was reported in the elderly aged more than 60.Elderly patients with osteosarcoma exhibit different characteristics compared to young patients,which usually results in a poor prognosis.The mechanism underlying osteosarcoma development in elderly patients is intriguing and of significant value in clinical applications.Senescent cells can accelerate tumor progression by metabolic reprogramming.recent research has shown that methylmalonic acid(mmA)was significantly up-regulated in the serum of older individuals and played a central role in the development of aggressive characteristics.We found that the significant accumulation of mmA in elderly patients imparted proliferative potential to osteosarcoma cells.The expression of mAFB was excessively up-regulated in osteosarcoma specimens and was further enhanced in response to mmA accumulation as the patient aged.Specifically,we first confirmed a novel molecular mechanism between cellular senescence and cancer,in which the mmA-driven transcriptional reprogramming of the mAFB-NOTCH3 axis accelerated osteosarcoma progression via the activation of PI3K-AKT pathways.moreover,the down-regulation of the mAFB-NOTCH3 axis increased the sensitivity and effect of AKT inhibitors in osteosarcoma through significant inhibition of AKT phosphorylation.In conclusion,we confirmed that mAFB is a novel age-dependent biomarker for osteosarcoma,and targeting the mAFB-NOTCH3 axis in combination with AKT inhibition can serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for elderly patients with osteosarcoma in experimental and clinical trials.

关键词： Cellular senescence Elderly patients mAFB-NOTCH3axis methylmalonic acid Osteosarcoma PI3K-AKTpathway

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Implications of left atrial volume index in patients with three-vessel coronary disease:A 6.6-year follow-up cohort study

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Chinese medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 441-449页

作者： Ru Liu Lei Song Ce Zhang Lin Jiang Jian Tian Lianjun Xu Xinxing Feng Linyuan Wan Xueyan Zhao Ou Xu Chongjian Li Runlin Gao Rutai Hui Wei Zhao Jinqing Yuan department of cardiology Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China department of respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular HospitalKunmingYunnan 650102China department of Endocrinology Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China department of Echocardiography Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China Information Center Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China

Background:Risk assessment and treatment stratification for three-vessel coronary disease(TVD)remain challenging.This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of left atrial volume index(LAVI)with the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery(SYNTAX)score II,and its association with the long-term prognosis after three strategies(percutaneous coronary intervention[PCI],coronary artery bypass grafting[CABG],and medical therapy[mT])in patients with TVD.methods:This study was a post hoc analysis of a large,prospective cohort of patients with TVD in China,that aimed to determine the long-term outcomes after PCI,CABG,or optimal mT alone.A total of 8943 patients with TVD were consecutively enrolled between 2004 and 2011 at Fuwai Hospital.A total of 7818 patients with available baseline LAVI data were included in the study.Baseline,procedural,and follow-up data were collected.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(mACCE),which was a composite of all-cause death,myocardial infarction(mI),and stroke.Secondary endpoints included all-cause death,cardiac death,mI,revascularization,and stroke.Long-term outcomes were evaluated among LAVI quartile groups.results:During a median follow-up of 6.6 years,a higher LAVI was strongly associated with increased risk of mACCE(Q3:hazard ratio[HR]1.20,95%confidence interval[CI]1.06-1.37,P=0.005;Q4:HR 1.85,95%CI 1.64-2.09,Pmoreover,LAVI significantly improved discrimination and reclassification of the SYNTAX score II.Notably,there was a significant interaction between LAVI quartiles and treatment strategies for mACCE.CABG was associated with lower risk of mACCE than mT alone,regardless of LAVI quartiles.Among patients in the fourth quartile,PCI was associated with significantly increased risk of cardiac death compared with CABG(HR

关键词： Three-vessel coronary disease Left atrial volume index Coronary artery bypass grafting Percutaneous coronary intervention myocardial ischemia Prognosis

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