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Clinical and translational values of spatial transcriptomics

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1396-1412页

作者： Linlin Zhang Dongsheng Chen Dongli Song Xiaoxia Liu Yanan Zhang Xun Xu Xiangdong Wang Zhongshan Hospital Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineInstitute for Clinical ScienceShanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghai 200000China Suzhou institute of Systems Medicine Suzhou 215123 JiangsuChina Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen institute(TBSI) Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083China

The combination of spatial transcriptomics(ST)and single cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)acts as a pivotal component to bridge the pathological phenomes of human tissues with molecular alterations,defining in situ intercellular molecular communications and knowledge on spatiotemporal molecular *** present article overviews the development of ST and aims to evaluate clinical and translational values for understanding molecular pathogenesis and uncovering disease-specific biomarkers.

关键词： alterations translational Clinical

Myocardial protection during heart surgery in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第1期120卷 62-67页

作者： Bingyang Ji Jinping Liu myocardial protection cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgeryDepartment of Pediatric Cardiology Hershey Medical Center PennState College of Medicine USA Department of cardiopulmonary Bypass Cardiovascular InstituteFuwai Hospital Peking Union Medical College ＆ ChineseAcademy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100730 China

Myocardial protection （MP） is the key for cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） heart surgery. MP during cardiac surgery （CS） aims to preserve myocardial function while providing a bloodless and motionless operating field. Strategies on how to attenuate or prevent post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction that occurs intra-operatively during CS have been discussed for more than half a century. In 1950, Bigelow et al, first reported to decrease myocardial oxygen demand by means of hypothermia. Moreover, Melrose and coworkers2 described the use of electromechanical cardiac arrest induced by potassium infusion, permitting CS to be performed on a non-beating flaccid heart and clear surgical field. The combination of both of these techniques has been the golden standard in MP during surgery until now, allowing surgery with excellent clinical outcome. In 1975, Braimbridge et al introduced a crystalloid solution into clinical practice at St. Thomas Hospital. By the 1980s, blood-based potassium solutions were advocated to further improve MP and to reduce myocardial enzymes release based on the theory that blood would be a superior delivery vehicle for its oxygenating and buffering ***, the majority of MP strategies now available do allow patients to undergo conventional and complex CS with an operative mortality rate ranging from less than 2% to 4%.

关键词： myocardial protection cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery

Reconstructing in vivo spatially offset Raman spectroscopy of human skin tissue using a GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo platform

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第11期32卷 140-150页

作者：张云鹤朱桓正董泳江曾佳韩新鹏 Ivan A.Bratchenko 张富荣许思源王爽 institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology Northwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710127China Huawei Technologies Co. LtdShenzhenGuangdong 518129China cardiopulmonary Disease Department Xi’an International Medical Center HospitalXi’an 710100China Laser and Biotechnical Systems Department Samara National Research UniversitySamara 443086Russia

As one type of spatially offset Raman spectroscopy(SORS), inverse SORS is particularly suited to in vivo biomedical measurements due to its ring-shaped illumination scheme. To explain inhomogeneous Raman scattering during in vivo inverse SORS measurements, the light–tissue interactions when excitation and regenerated Raman photons propagate in skin tissue were studied using Monte Carlo simulation. An eight-layered skin model was first built based on the latest transmission parameters. Then, an open-source platform, Monte Carlo e Xtreme(MCX), was adapted to study the distribution of 785 nm excitation photons inside the model with an inverse spatially shifted annular beam. The excitation photons were converted to emission photons by an inverse distribution method based on excitation flux with spatial offsets Δs of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm. The intrinsic Raman spectra from separated skin layers were measured by continuous linear scanning to improve the simulation accuracy. The obtained results explain why the spectral detection depth gradually increases with increasing spatial offset, and address how the intrinsic Raman spectrum from deep skin layers is distorted by the reabsorption and scattering of the superficial tissue constituents. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that the spectral contribution from subcutaneous fat will be improved when the offset increases to 5 mm, and the highest detection efficiency for dermal layer spectral detection could be achieved when Δs = 2 mm. Reasonably good matching between the calculated spectrum and the measured in vivo inverse SORS was achieved, thus demonstrating great utility of our modeling method and an approach to help understand the clinical measurements.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation tissue optical model spatially offset Raman spectroscopy

A case report of intramyocardial dissecting hematoma:a challenging diagnosis

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第5期14卷 405-407页

作者： Yaoyao Zhu Tong Wang Longyuan Jiang Lian Liang Department of Emergency Medicine the Eighth Affi liated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518033China Department of Emergency Medicine Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China institute of cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China

Intramyocardial dissecting hematoma (IDH) is an uncommon complication of myocardial infarction that can potentially lead to cardiac rupture.^([1])Two distinguishable types of cardiac rupture have been identified:a simple tear,which is the most common case and is characterized by a lineal or tortuous tear along the myocardial wall,and complex hemorrhagic *** is generally classified as complex hemorrhagic dissection,in which blood infiltrates into the myocardial wall.^([2])IDH is characterized by a serpiginous tract within the myocardium,which is also known as subepicardial *** mechanisms of IDH are multifactorial and contribute to the rupture of intramyocardial vessels,diminished tensile strength of the infarcted myocardium.

关键词： rupture hematoma diagnosis

Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia with inhaled antibiotics

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 165-168页

作者： Stephan Ehrmann Jie Li Intensive Care Medicine INSERM CIC 1415CRICS-TriggerSep FCRIN research networkUniversity Hospital Center in ToursTours 37044France Respiratory Pathology Research Center National Institute of Health and Medical ResearchTours 37000France Department of cardiopulmonary Sciences Division of Respiratory CareRush UniversityChicago 60612USA

The direct delivery of inhaled antibiotics to the respiratory tract has been a subject of enduring interest among medical practitioners and researchers due to the associated favorable *** interest has been particularly pronounced in the context of critically illpatients,wherehealthcare-associatedpulmonary infections represent a significant challenge,driving continued exploration of inhaled antibiotics for intubated *** high-level evidence has shown a very promising application in the field of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) prevention.^([1]).

关键词： pneumonia ventilator respiratory

INTRAVENOUS α-HUMAN ATRIAL NATRIURETIC POLYPEPTIDE IN NORMAL VOLUNTEERS: EFFECTS ON RENAL, CARDIOVASCULAR AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS

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CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL 1985年第11期98卷 783-786页

作者：汤健谢翠微林晓蔚杨启刘冬青黄大有师树古屈汉庭王娅琳张天枢戴燕山郭静萱 Laboratory of cardiopulmonary Endocrinology Beijing Medical University Beijing Cardiovascular institute Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Internal Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital Beijing Medical University Beijing

Intravenous synthetic a-human atrial natriurctic polypeptide （a-hANP） 300 Rg was given to three normal volunteers resulting in a significant increase of urine volume and sodium, potassium and chloride excretion. This peptide also caused a fall in blood pressure, cardiac output and stroke volume, accompanied by an increase in heart rate. The plasma aldosterone level elevated and renin activity increased at 0.5 to 2 hours after injection. a-hANP is a 28-amino acid polypeptide isolated from human atrial tissue.1 We have shown by intravenous injection of synthetic cc-hANP that it is a potent diuretic, natriuretic and induces depressor responses in rats.2 The

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Iatrogenic atrial septal defects after transseptal puncture for percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion and their hemodynamic effects

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第9期19卷 675-684页

作者： Ioannis Drosos Roberta De Rosa Philipp C.Seppelt Sebastian Cremer Silvia Mas-Peiro Katrin Hemmann Jana Oppermann Recha Blessing Mariuca Vasa-Nicotera Andreas M.Zeiher Zisis Dimitriadis Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe University Frankfurt am MainFrankfurtGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK) BerlinGermany cardiopulmonary institute(CPI) FrankfurtGermany Center of Cardiology University Medical Center MainzMainzGermany Di-vision of Cardiology and Intensive Care Department of Internal MedicineSt.Ansgar HospitalHöxterGermany

Background Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion(LAAO)requires puncture of the interatrial *** immediate hemodynamic effects of iatrogenic atrial septal defects(iASD)after LAAO have not been examined so *** aimed at evaluat-ing these effects through invasive measurements of pressure and oxygen ***,we assessed the incidence of per-sistent iASD at three *** Forty-eight patients scheduled for percutaneous LAAO were prospectively included in the *** and oxygen saturation were measured(1)in the right atrium(RA)before transseptal puncture,(2)in the left atrium(LA)through the transseptal sheath after transseptal puncture,(3)in the LA after removal of introducer sheath,and(4)in the RA after removal of introducer *** echocardiography was performed at three months to detect *** Pressure in the RA increased significantly after removing the introducer sheath(P=0.034),whereas no difference was found in oxygen saturation in the RA(P=0.623).Pressure measurement in the LA showed no significant difference after re-moving the introducer sheath(P=0.718).Oxygen saturation in the LA also showed no significant difference(P=0.129).Follow-up transesophageal echocardiogram at 3 months revealed a persistent iASD in 4 patients(8.5%).CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that iASD after percutaneous LAAO does not result in significant shunts directly after the procedure,although a significant increase of mean right atrial pressure can be *** iASDs after percutaneous LAAO seem to be relatively rare at three months.

关键词： atrial septal puncture

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微创与机器人外科

美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2002年第1期21卷 5-8页

作者： MichaelJ.Makck cardiopulmonary Science Research and Technology institute Dallas Tex

外科学的进步集中体现在手术创伤的减小，一个典型的例子是外科医生做手术时不再直接触摸或观看手术野。由于电视影像、内窥镜技术以及手术器械的改进，使很多外科专业过去需要在直视下进行的手术改在内窥镜进行。在网络化手术室，计算... 详细信息

外科学的进步集中体现在手术创伤的减小，一个典型的例子是外科医生做手术时不再直接触摸或观看手术野。由于电视影像、内窥镜技术以及手术器械的改进，使很多外科专业过去需要在直视下进行的手术改在内窥镜进行。在网络化手术室，计算机及机器人的应用使通过声控进行复杂的内窥镜手术成为可能。微型手术的简化，虚拟培训教师的开发，提高了人们学习、掌握新的复杂手术的能力。进一步的研究将致力于在遥控和导航（navigation)下通过人体的天然孔道实施诊断和治疗操作，到那时，真正的“无创”外科就会成为现实。

关键词：微创外科机器人外科心脏手术

Potential preservative mechanisms of cardiac rehabilitation pathways on endothelial function in coronary heart disease

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Wen-Tao Sun Jian-Yong Du Jia Wang Yi-Long Wang Er-Dan Dong Research Center for cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital)School of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Department of Cardiology and institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalThe Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesPeking UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking University

Cardiac rehabilitation, a comprehensive exercise-based lifestyle and medical management, is effective in decreasing morbidity and improving life quality in patients with coronary heart disease. Endothelial function, an irreplaceable indicator in coronary heart disease progression, is measured by various methods in traditional cardiac rehabilitation pathways, including medicinal treatment, aerobic training, and smoking cessation. Nevertheless, studies on the effect of some emerging cardiac rehabilitation programs on endothelial function are limited. This article briefly reviewed the endothelium-beneficial effects of different cardiac rehabilitation pathways, including exercise training, lifestyle modification and psychological intervention in patients with coronary heart disease, and related experimental models, and summarized both uncovered and potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of the beneficial roles of various cardiac rehabilitation pathways on endothelial function. In exercise training and some lifestyle interventions, the enhanced bioavailability of nitric oxide, increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs), and decreased oxidative stress are major contributors to preventing endothelial dysfunction in coronary heart disease. Moreover, the preservation of endothelial-dependent hyperpolarizing factors and inflammatory suppression play roles. On the one hand, to develop more endothelium-protective rehabilitation methods in coronary heart disease, adequately designed and sized randomized multicenter clinical trials should be advanced using standardized cardiac rehabilitation programs and existing assessment methods. On the other hand, additional studies using suitable experimental models are warranted to elucidate the relationship between some new interventions and endothelial protection in both macro-and microvasculature.

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