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Statistical characteristics and classification of ionospheric mid-latitude trough as revealed by the observations of DMSP-F18

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 137-147页

作者： Yi Liu JiuHou Lei FuQing Huang Su Zhou School of Earth and Space sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of science Guiyang UniversityGuiyang 550005China

Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)*** data was obtained at an altitude of around 860 km in near polar orbit,throughout *** study identified the auroral boundary based on the in-situ electron density and electron spectrum,allowing us to precisely determine the location of the mid-latitude *** differs from most previous works,which only use Total Electron Content(TEC)or in-situ electron *** our study,the troughs exhibited a higher occurrence rate in local winter than in summer,and extended to lower latitudes with increasing geomagnetic *** was found that the ionospheric mid-latitude trough,which is associated with temperature changes or enhanced ion drift,exhibited distinct ***,the ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to electron temperature(Te)peak were located more equatorward of auroral oval boundary in winter than in *** ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to Te-maximum were less frequently observed at 60−70°S magnetic latitude and 90−240°E ***,the troughs related to ion temperature(Ti)maximums were observed at relatively higher latitudes,occurring more frequently in *** addition,the troughs related to ion velocity(Vi)maximums could be observed in all *** troughs with the maximum-Ti and maximum-Vi were located closer to the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval at the nightside,and in both *** implies that enhanced ion drift velocity contributes to increased collisional frictional heating and enhanced ion temperatures,resulting in a density depletion within the trough region.

关键词： topside ionosphere mid-latitude trough ionospheric main trough auroral oval boundary temperature maximum

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Pandemic spotlight on urban water quality

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 249-251页

作者： Dennis W.Hallema François-Nicolas Robinne Steven G.McNulty Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University3041 East Cornwallis RoadResearch Triangle ParkNC 27709USA canadian partnership for wildland fire science Department of Renewable ResourcesUniversity of Alberta751 General Services BuildingEdmontonAB T6G 2H1Canada Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center Southern Research StationU.S.Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceResearch Triangle ParkNC 27709USA.

Surface water improvements associated with the COVID-19 economic slowdown illustrate environmental resiliency and societal control over urban water quality.

关键词： urban quality. water

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Dabrafenib,an inhibitor of RIP3 kinase-dependent necroptosis,reduces ischemic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 252-256页

作者： Shelly A.Cruz Zhaohong Qin Alexandre E R.Stewart Hsiao-Huei Chen Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OttawaCanada University of Ottawa Brain and Mind InstituteOttawaCanada University of Ottawa Heart Institute OttawaCanada canadian partnership for Storke Recovery OttawaCanada

Ischemic brain injury triggers neuronal cell death by apoptosis via caspase activation and by necroptosis through activation of the receptor-interacting protein kinases （RIPK） associated with the tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-a）/death receptor. Recent evidence shows RIPK inhibitors are neuroprotective and al- leviate ischemic brain injury in a number of animal models, however, most have not yet undergone clinical trials and safety in humans remains in question. Dabrafenib, originally identified as a B-raf inhibitor that is currently used to treat melanoma, was later revealed to be a potent RIPK3 inhibitor at micromolar con- centrations. Here, we investigated whether Dabrafenib would show a similar neuroprotective effect in mice subjected to ischemic brain injury by photothrombosis. Dabrafenib administered intraperitoneally at 10 mg/ kg one hour after photothrombosis-induced focal ischemic injury significantly reduced infarct lesion size in C57BL6 mice the following day, accompanied by a markedly attenuated upregulation of TNF-u. However, subsequent lower doses （5 mg/kg/day） failed to sustain this neuroprotective effect after 4 days. Dabrafenib bl ocked lipopolysaccharides-induced activation of TNF-ct in bone marrow-derived macrophages, suggesting that Dabrafenib may attenuate TNF-ct-induced necroptotic pathway after ischemic brain injury. Since Dab- rafenib is already in clinical use for the treatment of melanoma, it might be repurposed for stroke therapy.

关键词： ischemic brain injury inflammation macrophage Dabrafenib tumor necrosis factor-alpha photothrombosis receptor-interacting protein kinases necroptosis microgIia stroke neural regeneration

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Characteristics of dual-frequency capacitively coupled SF_6/O_2 plasma and plasma texturing of multi-crystalline silicon

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第6期23卷 361-369页

作者：徐东升邹帅辛煜苏晓东王栩生 Provincial Key Laboratory of Thin Films School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University canadian Solar Inc.China

Due to it being environmentally friendly, much attention has been paid to the dry plasma texturing technique serving as an alternative candidate for multicrystalline silicon （mc-Si） surface texturing. In this paper, capacitively coupled plasma （CCP） driven by a dual frequency （DF） of 40.68 MHz and 13.56 MHz is first used for plasma texturing of mc-Si with SF6/O2 gas mixture. Using a hairpin resonant probe and optical emission techniques, DF-CCP characteristics and their influence on mc-silicon surface plasma texturing are investigated at different flow rate ratios, pressures, and radio-frequency （RF） input powers. Experimental results show that suitable plasma texturing of mc-silicon occurs only in a narrow range of plasma parameters, where electron density ne must be larger than 6.3 x 109 cm-3 and the spectral intensity ratio of the F atom to that of the O atom （[F]/[O]） in the plasma must be between 0.8 and 0.3. Out of this range, no cone-like structure is formed on the mc-silicon surface. In our experiments, the lowest reflectance of about 7.3% for mc-silicon surface texturing is obtained at an [F]/[O] of 0.5 and ne of 6.9 × 109 cm-3.

关键词： dual frequency capacitively coupled plasma plasma texturing multi-crystalline silicon electrondensity

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Biomarker-guided drug therapy: personalized medicine for treating Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2010-2011页

作者： Charvi Syal Jing Wang Regenerative Medicine Program Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawaONCanada Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Faculty of MedicineBrain and Mind Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada canadian partnership for Stroke Recovery OttawaONCanada

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with significant memory decline and cognitive *** is characterized by two classical neuropathological hal lmarks,namely the amyloid-beta(Aβ)plaques and neurofibril ***,there are no disease-modifying treatments available for AD,except for a couple of the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drugs to improve cognitive function by blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors or cholinesterase activity(Panza et al.,2019).

关键词： Alzheimer drugs Aβ

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Growth performance,gastrointestinal weight,microbial metabolites and apparent retention of components in broiler chickens fed up to 11%rice bran in a corn-soybean meal diet without or with a multi-enzyme supplement

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第1期5卷 41-48页

作者： Juan Sanchez Aizwarya Thanabalan Tanka Khanal Rob Patterson Bogdan A.Slominski Elijah Kiarie Department of Animal Biosciences University of Guelph canadian Bio-Systems Inc. Department of Animal science University of Manitoba

We investigated the effects of adding up to 11% rice bran(RB) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to broiler chickens without or with a multi-enzyme supplement(MES). The MES supplied xylanase, b-glucanase invertase, protease, cellulase, a-amylase and mannanase with targeted activity of 2,500, 300, 700, 10,0001,200, 24,000, and 20 U/kg of feed, respectively. The study used a two-phase feeding program(starter d 0 to 24; finisher, d 25 to 35) with RB added at 5% and 11%, respectively creating 4 diets in each phase Diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and contained phytase(500 FTU/kg) and TiO_2 as a digestibility marker. Three hundred and sixty d-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed in cages based on BW(15 birds/cage) and allocated to 4 diets(n = 6). Birds had free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed intake were recorded. Excreta samples were collected 3 d prior to the end of each phase for apparent retention(AR) of components. Samples of birds were sacrificed on d 24 and 35 for gut weight and ceca digesta for organic acid content. There was no interaction(P > 0.10) between RB and MES on BWG and FCR in starter or finisher phase. In finisher phase, birds fed MES had better BWG(961 versus 858 g) and FCR(1.69 versus 1.86) than birds fed non-MES diets(P < 0.01). Feeding RB reduced(P = 0.02) BWG in finisher phase resulting in lower d 35 BW. Birds fed RB had higher(P 0.01) gizzard weight on d 24 and 35 than non-RB birds. An interaction(P 0.01) between RB and MES on concentrations of propionic and iso-butyric acids in ceca digesta showed that MES reduced these acids in non-RB diet. The AR of gross energy was higher(P < 0.02) for MES versus non-MES birds in starter and finisher phases. In conclusion independently, RB increased gizzard weight and reduced final BW whereas MES improved growth and energy utilization.

关键词： Broiler chickens Growth performance Gut weight Microbial activity Multi-enzyme supplement Rice bran

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Polarization-encoded neural networks with simplified grating patch

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science China Technological sciences 2025年

作者： Chengyan ZHONG Xiang WANG Lingfei LI Yuanchi CUI Lei XIAO Dawei SONG Junxiong GUO Wen HUANG Yufeng GUO Yu LIU College of Integrated Circuit science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre Zhejiang University Nanjing Mumusili Technology Co. LTD School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Institute of Advanced Study School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer a promising solution for high-performance, energy-efficient artificial intelligence hardware by leveraging the parallelism and speed of light. However, the large-scale implementation of ONNs remains challenging due to the bulky footprint and complex control of optical synapses. In this work, we propose and simulate a plasmonic polarized synaptic architecture that overcomes the diffraction limit and enables ultra-compact ONNs. By tuning the polarization state of incident light, the optical transmittance through each plasmonic unit can be dynamically adjusted to represent a synaptic weight. Our plasmonic structures, with features as small as 40 nm, operate well below this limit in the visible spectrum (400–750 nm). Compared with diffraction and interference-based circuit designs, our proposed method achieves a substantial reduction in synaptic density by factors of 150000-fold and 1500-fold, respectively. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate a proof-of-concept plasmonic ONN applied to the canadian Institute for Advanced Research—10classes (CIFAR-10) dataset using a Visual Geometry Group network with 16 layers (VGG16) model. After training for 80epochs, the network achieves an accuracy of 93%. The polarization-tunable plasmonics paves the way towards scalable ONNs for next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators and smart sensors.

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Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Job Shop Scheduling of Smart Manufacturing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5103-5120页

作者： Eman K.Elsayed Asmaa K.Elsayed Kamal A.Eldahshan School of Computers science Canadian International College(CIC).Department of MathematicsFaculty of Science(Girls)AL-Azhar UniversityCairo11511Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science(Girls)AL-Azhar UniversityCairo11511Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAL-Azhar UniversityCairo11511Egypt

Industry 4.0 production environments and smart manufacturing systems integrate both the physical and decision-making aspects of manufacturing operations into autonomous and decentralized *** of the key aspects of these systems is a production planning,specifically,Scheduling operations on the *** cope with this problem,this paper proposed a Deep Reinforcement Learning with an Actor-Critic algorithm(DRLAC).We model the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem(JSSP)as a Markov Decision Process(MDP),represent the state of a JSSP as simple Graph Isomorphism Networks(GIN)to extract nodes features during scheduling,and derive the policy of optimal scheduling which guides the included node features to the best next action of *** addition,we adopt the Actor-Critic(AC)network’s training algorithm-based reinforcement learning for achieving the optimal policy of the *** prove the proposed model’s effectiveness,first,we will present a case study that illustrated a conflict between two job scheduling,secondly,we will apply the proposed model to a known benchmark dataset and compare the results with the traditional scheduling methods and trending *** numerical results indicate that the proposed model can be adaptive with real-time production scheduling,where the average percentage deviation(APD)of our model achieved values between 0.009 and 0.21 comparedwith heuristic methods and values between 0.014 and 0.18 compared with other trending approaches.

关键词： Reinforcement learning job shop scheduling graphical isomorphism network actor-critic networks

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Dose-response effects of in-feed antibiotics on growth performance and nutrient utilization in weaned pigs fed diets supplemented with yeast-based nucleotides

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 166-169页

作者： Samuel M.Waititu Jung M.Heo Rob Patterson Charles M.Nyachoti Department of Animal science University of Manitoba Department of Animal science and Biotechnology Chungnam National University canadian Bio-systems Inc.

Dietary nucleotides are bioactive compounds with the potential to mitigate weaning-associated challenges in piglets. An experiment was conducted to determine the interaction effect of antimicrobial growth promoters(AGP) and a nucleotide-rich yeast extract(NRYE) on growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD) of dry matter(DM), crude protein(CP) and gross energy(GE),and to establish whether NRYE supplementation may completely or partially replace AGP in diets for weaned pigs. In phase 1 and 2, corn, wheat, canola meal and soybean meal based diets, which were formulated to contain 0.0 or 0.1% NRYE with 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of the recommended AGP dosage, were fed to 108 twenty-one day old piglets(initial body weight 7.11 ± 0.9 kg; mean ±SD) from d 1 to 14 and15 to 28, respectively. Overall, increasing AGP level in NRYE supplemented diets linearly decreased average daily gain(ADG)(P = 0.002) and gain-to-feed ratio(G:F)(P = 0.007); and quadratically decreased ATTD of DM(P = 0.001), CP(P =0.003) and G:F(P = 0.017) during phase 2. Compared with control and pigs fed NRYE with 100% of recommended AGP dosage, pigs fed 0.1% NRYE without AGP had greater(P < 0.05) ADG and G:F in phase 2 and overall. In conclusion, supplementing 0.1% NRYE improved growth performance of pigs but this beneficial effect was reduced by increasing dietary AGP dosage.

关键词： Antimicrobial growth promoters Digestibility Growth performance Piglet Nucleotide-rich yeast extract

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Determination of the calcium species in coal chars by Ca K-edge XANES analysis

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Chinese Physics C 2013年第2期37卷 102-104页

作者：刘利娟刘慧君崔明启胡永峰郑雷赵屹东马陈燕席识博杨栋亮郭志英王杰 Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemical Engineering for Energy East China University of Science and Technology canadian Light Source University of Saskatchewan

Ca-based additives have been widely used as a sulfur adsorbent during coal pyrolysis and gasification. The Ca speciation and evolution during the pyrolysis of coal with Ca additives have attracted great attention. In this paper, Ca species in the coal chars prepared from the pyrolysis of Ca（OH）2 or CaCO3-added coals are studied by using Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structural spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that Ca（OH）2 , CaSO4 , CaS and CaO coexist in the Ca（OH）2-added chars, while Ca（OH）2 and CaSO4 are the main species in the Ca（OH）2-added chars. Besides, a carboxyl-bound Ca is also formed during both the pyrolysis for the Ca（OH）2-added and the CaCO3-added coals. A detailed discussion about the Ca speciation is given.

关键词： char pyrolysis calcium K-edge XANES

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