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Development and Characterization of Nanovesicles Containing Phenolic Compounds of Microalgae Spirulina Strain LEB-18 and Chlorella pyrenoidosa

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2014年第1期4卷 6-12页

作者： Leticia Marques de Assis Adriana Rodrigues Machado Amanda de Souza da Motta Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa Leonor Almeida de Souza-Soares School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio GrandeRio GrandeBrazil Federal Institute sul-Rio-Grandense Campus PelotasVisconde da GracaPelotasBrazil Institute of Basic Health Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil

The objective of this study was to elaborate liposomes, through the lipid film hydration methodology, to nanoencapsulate phenolic compounds of Spirulina LEB-18 and Chlorella pyrenoidosa microalgae, and evaluate their physicochemical characteristics and storage stability for 21 days. The total phenolic compounds were evaluated using a calibration curve of gallic acid using methanol and ethanol as extraction solvents. The size and polydispersity index of nanovesicles were determined by light scattering and the percentage encapsulation efficiency was determined by a centrifugation process. The stability of the liposomes at storage time was measured by zeta potential for 21 days. The methanol extracts from Spirulina had a higher content of phenolic compounds (2.62 mg gallic acid·g-1 of microalgae) compared to the extracts of Chlorella. However, liposomes with ethanolic extracts of the two algae showed higher encapsulation efficiency. The value was higher (96.40%) for Chlorella. All samples obtained nanometric size, with the highest value obtained for the liposome containing ethanol extract of Chlorella (239 nm) differing significantly (p ≤ 0.05) from the others. The liposomes containing extracts of Spirulina were more stable during the 21 days of storage, whereas, those consisting of ethanol extract showed no significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) throughout this period.

关键词： Microalgae Phenols Encapsulation Liposome

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Intraspecific competition in Zabrotes subfasciatus： Physiological and behavioral adaptations to different amounts of host

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 102-111页

作者： Isabel R.V.Teixeira Fernando S.Zucoloto Insect Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Laboratory Department of BiologyFaculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto Universidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo epartment of Biology Federal Institute of Sul de Minas-Campus MuzambinhoIFSULDEMINAS MuzambinhoMinas GeraisBrazil

The effects of competition on populations of the bean weevil Zabrotes sub- fasciatus were analyzed during 41 generations under different competition levels. Three competition environments were established by maintaining the number of couples （6） and varying the amount of available host seeds： HC, high （limited availability of host： 1.35 g）; IC, intermediate （intermediate availability of host： 6 g）; and LC, low competition （abun- dance of host： 36 g）. It was found that the distribution of the eggs laid on grains was different among treatments： in LC, for example, although females showed high fecundity （35.4 ± 5.6 eggs/female） the number of eggs laid on each grain was small （1.2 ± 0.4 eggs on each seed）, thus avoiding larval competition of their offspring; whereas in HC treatment, females showed low fecundity （27.04 ± 4.5 eggs/female） but laid many eggs on each grain （15.03 ± 4.3 eggs）. There were no changes in the ability to respond to different amounts of host via oviposition behavior （egg distribution） during 41 generations. How- ever, HC females had more offspring than LC females under HC conditions. This suggests that HC insects evolved toward higher fitness in crowded conditions. In addition, after inverting the competition level, insects behaved independently of the treatment conditions they experienced through generations, thus showing that oviposition behavior is flexible. Taken together, our results show that Z. subfasciatus presents a broad range of behavioral and physiological responses which allows for quick and reversible adjustments to sudden changes in the amount of resources.

关键词： bean weevil Coleoptera egg distribution oviposition Phaseolus vulgaris phenotypic plasticity

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Reallocation of foliicolous species of the genus Strigula into six genera(lichenized Ascomycota,dothideomycetes,Strigulaceae)

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第3期102卷 257-291页

作者： Shu‑Hua Jiang Robert Lücking Amanda Barreto Xavier‑Leite Marcela E.S.Cáceres AndréAptroot Carlos Vinas Portilla Jiang‑Chun Wei State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Freie Universitat BerlinKonigin‑Luise‑Strase 6-814195 BerlinGermany Programa de Pos‑Graduacao em Sistemática e Evolu玢o CBUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteCampus UniversitárioNatalRN 59072‑970Brazil Departamento de Biociências Universidade Federal de SergipeItabaianaSergipe CEP:49.500‑000Brazil Laboratório de Botanica/Liquenologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAvenida Costa e Silva s/nBairro UniversitárioCampo GrandeMato Grosso do Sul CEP:79070‑900Brazil Jardín Botánico Nacional Universidad de La HabanaCarretera El Rocío km 3?CalabazarC.P.19230 Boyeros La HabanaCuba University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Strigula sensu lato has been previously defined based on phenotype characters as a rather broad genus including tropical to temperate species growing on a wide array of *** this study,based on a multilocus phylogenetic approach,we show that foliicolous species form six well-delimited clades that correlate with diagnostic phenotype features,including thallus morphology,carbonization of the involucrellum and excipulum,ascospore dimensions,and type of *** the topology,with five of the six clades emerging on long stem branches,and the strong phenotypical differentiation between the clades,we recognize these at the genus level,making mostly use of previously established genus *** genera,namely Phylloporis,Puiggariella,Raciborskiella,and Racoplaca,are resurrected for the ***,***,***,and *** groups,respectively,whereas one new genus,Serusiauxiella ***.,is introduced for a novel lineage with peculiar *** only sequenced non-foliicolous species,***,is not closely related to these six foliicolous lineages but clusters with Flavobathelium and Phyllobathelium,revealing it as an additional undescribed genus-level lineage being treated *** the new genus Serusiauxiella,three new species are described:Serusiauxiella filifera ***.,*** ***.,and *** *** addition,ten new combinations are proposed:Phylloporis austropunctata ***.,*** ***.,*** ***.,Puiggariella confluens *** ***.,*** ***.,*** ***.,Racoplaca maculata ***.,*** ***.,***,and *** *** also report on a peculiar,previously unrecognized growth behaviour of the macroconidial appendages in Strigula ***.

关键词： Cephaleuros Epiphyllous lichens Generic classification Higher taxa Macroconidial appendages Phycopeltis Surface fixation Trentepohlia

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Production of Biodiesel with Seed Soybean and Supercritical Ethanol

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第2期4卷 128-135页

作者： Gabriel Cassemiro Mariano Toni Jefferson Lopes Rafael Dias Marintho Bastos Quadri Ariovaldo Bolzan Laboratory of Process Control(LCP) Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)FlorianopolisBrasil Federal University of Rio Grande(FURG) Campus Santo Antonio da Patrulha(SAP)Rio Grande do SulBrasil

This paper presents a study of biodiesel production by a non-catalytical process. The innovation in this study is the use of novel materials for production: seed soybean (Glycine Max) “in natura” and ethanol in a supercritical state. To conduct the experiments, a bench reactor with a capacity of 150 mL, resistant to pressure of up to 300 bar and temperature of 350°C was developed. The fractional factorial experimental design () was used to evaluate the temperature, seed granulometry, molar ratio ethanol/oil and water percent of the mixture. The best yield observed was that of 94.07%, 10 minutes after the reactor entered a supercritical condition. Significant effects on seed granulometry, molar ratio ethanol, oil and temperature were verified. From the proposed process, biodiesel and toasted soybean seed were obtained. To purify the biodiesel sample it was necessary to use ultra-centrifugation to separate seed particles, and rotoevaporation to separate the fatty acid ethyl ester and unreacted ethanol. The chemical analyses were conducted directly by gas chromatography. The yield was calculated in accordance with concentrations obtained in the chromatographic analysis and seed mass of the experiment. Also checked was the presence of palmitate esters, stearate, oleate, linoleate and linolenate. By analyzing the ester composition it was possible to assess whether a good quality biodiesel was available. The roasted soybean seeds obtained after the reaction showed a calorific potential of 2203.17 kcal/kg and also be used as fuel.

关键词： Supercritical Biodiesel Non-Catalytic Transesterification Ethyl Ester Soybean Seed

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Quantification of Flavonoids,Naphthopyranones and Xanthones in Eriocaulaceae Species by LC-PDA

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第2期3卷 138-146页

作者： Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso Fabiana Volpe Zanutto Eliana Aparecida Varanda Paulo Takeo Sano Wagner Vilegas Lourdes Campaner dos Santos UEMS Course of ChemistryState University of Mato Grosso do SulDouradosMato Grosso do SulBrazil Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUNESP-Universidade Estadual PaulistaAraraquaraSao PauloBrazil Institute of Biosciences Department of BotanyUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista UNESP-Universidade Estadual PaulistaSao VicenteSao PauloBrazil Institute of Chemistry Department of Organic ChemistryUNESP-Universidade Estadual PaulistaAraraquaraSao PauloBrazil

The linearity, stability, accuracy and inter-day precisions of the assay method were evaluated in methanolic aerial-part extracts of Paepalanthus giganteus and Syngontnhus nitens from the Eriocaulaceae family. Their small capitulae hinder morphological analysis, and thus complicate taxonomic studies of these species, which present anti-ulcer, antimutagenic and antioxidant activities. Taxonomic studies of these plants revealed that the Paepalanthus genus presents flavonols and naphthopyranones while the Syngontnhus genus has flavone and xanthone as majority compounds. The prepared samples were analyzed quantitatively by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with PDA detection for the presence of quercetin, luteolin, 3,6-dimethoxy-1,5,7-tri-hydroxyxanthone and paepalantine. The substances were recovered from these samples at rates from 98.01 to 99.99%. The coefficient of variation in the quantitative analysis of the sample com- pounds was under 5%. The linearity of the method was determined by linear regression. The analysis of the samples spiked with known amounts of analyte demonstrated that the response was proportional to the concentrations of the sam- ples with re-spective determination coefficients of r2 = 0.9999 (luteolin and 3,6-dimethoxy-1,5,7-tri-hydroxyxanthone) and r2 = 0.9998 (quercetin and paepalantine) for the linear range of the analytical calibration curves of the samples. The detection limits were 0.07 μg?mL–1 for quercetin and luteolin, 0.06 μg?mL–1 for 3,6-dimethoxy-1,5,7-tri-hydroxyxanthone and 0.10 μg?mL–1 for paepalantine. The quantification limits were 0.23 μg?mL–1 for quercetin and luteolin, 0.20 μg?mL–1 for 3,6-dimethoxy-1,5,7-tri-hydroxyxanthone and 0.33 μg?mL–1 for paepalantine by LC. The method was considered sen- sitive for quantification of the quercetin, luteolin, 3,6-dimethoxy-1,5,7-tri-hydroxyxanthone and paepalantine in plant samples.

关键词： LC-PDA Naphthopyranone Flavonoid Xanthone

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Control of inherited structural fabric on the development and exhumation of passive margins-Insights from the AraçuaíOrogen(Brazil)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 30-48页

作者： Ana Fonseca Tiago Novo Tobias Fonte-Boa Matheus Kuchenbecker Daniel Galvão Carnier Fragoso Daniel Peifer Antônio Carlos Pedrosa-Soares Johan De Grave Laboratory for Mineralogy and Petrology Department of GeologyGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S89000 GhentBelgium Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Programa de Pós-Graduação em GeologiaCPMTC-IGCCampus PampulhaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Centro de Pesquisas Professor Manoel Teixeira da Costa Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Instituto de Ciência e TecnologiaCentro de Estudos em GeociênciasLaboratório de Estudos TectônicosDiamantinaBrazil Petrobras Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Instituto de Geociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil Department of Geosciences University of TübingenSchnarrenbergstr.94-9672076 TübingenGermany

The AraçuaíOrogen,in eastern Brazil,was formed during the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian amalgamation of West *** the Mesozoic–Cenozoic opening of the South Atlantic Ocean,and the associated divergent tectonics,the orogen developed as basement to the passive margin of South America and was progressively covered by thick offshore sedimentary basins,particularly the Espírito Santo,Mucuri,and Cumuruxatiba basins,in which hydrocarbon systems have been *** understanding of the AraçuaíOrogen’s passive margin evolution,erosion,and sediment transfer to these basins ultimately depends on constraining the onshore exhumation in response to Mesozoic–Cenozoic ***,new and previously published data from apatite fission-track(AFT)analyses and inverse thermal history modelling of(Pre)Cambrian basement rocks from the AraçuaíOrogen resolve three discrete basement cooling and associated erosional exhumation *** the Pre-Rift phase,Jurassic–Hauterivian erosion of the AraçuaíOrogen is most likely related to the adjoining intra-continental West Gondwana flexural subsidence,which increased hillslope and river erosion *** the Rift and Transitional phases,Barremian–Albian accelerated phase of erosion is associated with the uplift of the Atlantic rift shoulders and the establishment of an oceanic *** the Drift phase,reactivations in response to far-field stresses likely triggered a Late Cretaceous–Paleocene rapid erosion *** rates at which these events unfolded vary spatially and are controlled by inherited *** AraçuaíOrogen experienced slower denudation rates in areas closer to the São Francisco Craton,which suggests that the tectonic reactivation and related surface uplift during the Mesozoic–Cenozoic is in first-order controlled by lithospheric ***,the structural framework of the Paramirim and Pirapora aulacogens and NE-oriented shear zones in the orogen’s southeast facilitated later *** the spati

关键词： Thermal history Denudation Tectonic inheritance Reactivations South Atlantic Hydrocarbons

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Uncertainty in sap flow of Brazilian mahogany determined by the heat ratio method

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1457-1466页

作者： Alisson Macendo Amaral Frederico Antonio Loureiro Soares Lucas Melo Vellame Marconi Batista Teixeira Federal Institute North of Minas Gerais(IFNMG) Campus ArinosMG-202 RoadKm 407ArinosMinas Gerais 38.680-000Brazil Federal Institute of Goiano(IF Goiano) Campus Rio VerdeSul Goiana RoadMailbox 66Rio VerdeGoiás 75.901-970Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences Biological and EnvironmentalDepartment of Water Engineering and SoilFederal University of Bahia Reconcavo(UFRB)Rui Barbosa Street710Cruz das AlmasBahia 44380-000Brazil

The tropical arboreal species Brazilian mahogany(Swietenia macrophylla) is very important economically and ecologically,for which understanding ecophysiological variables such as sap flow will improve understanding of the species and its *** paper aims to measure uncertainties(U) involved in the application of the heat ratio method for determining sap flow in Brazilian mahogany using sets of heating probes and thermometers installed on plants of 18 months of age,cultivated in Yellow Latosol,under a weighing lysimeter and located in a protected *** uncertainty in sap flow was calculated as the combination of uncertainty in the thermal diffusivity(U_(k)),conductive section(U_(Sc)) and corrected sap velocity(U_(Vc)).U_(k) had greater weight in determining the flow of sap in Brazilian mahogany,when compared to U_(Sc) and U_(Vc).The thermal diffusivity during the cycle,or period evaluated,must be adjusted to improve the accuracy of the heat ratio method because the sap flow overestimated transpiration by 15.0%.When soil water was optimal In addition,the vapor pressure deficit linearly and indirectly influenced the SF with a difference of 14.6%.

关键词： Heat pulse Diffusivity Reliability Transpiration Vapor pressure deficit

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Climatic Variations and Consumption of Urban Water

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2015年第3期5卷 292-301页

作者： Amaury de Souza Flavio Aristone Ismail Sabbah Debora A. da Silva Santos Ana Paola de Souza Lima Gabriela Lima Institute of Physics Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande Brazil Department of Natural Sciences College of Health Sciences The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training Kuwait Nursing Department Federal University of Mato Grosso Campus Rondonopolis Brazil

This study aims to develop a statistical modelling framework of urban water consumption forecast for the city of Aquidauana, Brazil from year 2005 to 2014, monthly data, using multiple linear regression, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. These forecasts were based on historical data collected through SANEsul System (Water Systems of South Mato Grosso). The meteorological data were provided by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of South Mato Grosso—CEMTEC. The statistical model developed explains 71.5% of the variance with three factors: number of consumers (19.3%), seasonality (37.8%), and climate regression (14.3%). The model was further validated using an independent set of data from January 2005 to November 2014, with an R2 of 86% and error of 1.7%. The results indicated no intervention of climate variables in the phenomenon. This tool, combined with the perception of the potential and limitations of managers of water resources and public policy makers, can be used in the regulation of per capita consumption, and thereby achieve the optimization of available resources and also contribute to the sustainable perspective of water resources.

关键词： Water Planning Modeling Regulation

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Factors shaping life history traits of two proovigenic parasitoids

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 297-306页

作者： Michal SEGOLI Shucun SUN dori ENAVA Jay A.ROSENHEIM Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevMidreshet Ben-GurionIsrael Department of Ecology School of Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Embrapa Clima Temperado(Embrapa Temperate Agriculture) PelotasRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA

What shapes the relative investment in reproduction versus survival of organisms is among the key questions in life *** insects mature all their eggs prior to emergence and are short lived,providing a unique opportunity to quantify their lifetime investments in the different *** investigated the initial eggloads and longevity of 2 proovigenic parasitoid wasps:Anagrus erythroneurae and Anagrus daanei,(Hymenoptera:Mymaridae)that develop within leafhopper eggs in both agricultural vineyards and natural riparian habitats in Northern *** collected Vitis *** containing developing parasitoids from 3 natural sites(Knight Landing,American River and Putah Creek)and 3 agricultural vineyards(Solano Farm,Davis campus and Village Homes).We recorded eggloads at parasitoid emergence and female parasitoid longevity with or without *** predicts that parasitoids from vineyards(where hosts are abundant)would have higher initial eggloads and lower longevity compared with parasitoids from riparian habitats(where hosts are scarce).Although host density and parasitoid eggloads were,indeed,higher in vineyards than in riparian habitats,parasitoid longevity did not follow the predicted *** without feeding differed among field sites,but it was not affected by habitat type(natural vs agricultural),whereas longevity with feeding was not significantly affected by any of the examined ***,longevity was positively,rather than negatively,correlated with eggloads at the individual level,even after correcting for parasitoid body *** combined results suggest a more complex allocation mechanism than initially predicted,and the possibility of variation in host quality that is independent of size.

关键词： Anagrus parasitoids eggload leafhoppers life-history tradeoffs longevity

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Fine-scale habitat differentiation shapes the composition, structure and aboveground biomass but not species richness of a tropical Atlantic forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1599-1611页

作者： Alice Cristina Rodrigues Pedro Manuel Villa Arshad Ali Walnir Ferreira-Junior Andreza Viana Neri Laboratorio de Ecologia e Evoluc¸ao de Plantas–LEEP Departamento de Biologia VegetalUniversidade Federal de Vic¸osaVic¸osaMinas Gerais CEP 36570-900Brazil Fundacion para la Conservacion de la Biodiversidad Merida 7101MeridaVenezuela College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Setor de Biologia e Meio Ambiente Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas Gerais-IFSULDEMINAS-Campus MachadoHighway Machado-Paraguac¸ukm 3MachadoMG CEP 37750000Brazil

Evaluating the influences of fine-scale habitat heterogeneity on the composition,diversity,structure and functioning of forests is critical to understand how tropical forests will respond to climate change and devise forest management strategies that will enhance biodiversity conservation and aboveground biomass ***,we hypothesized that topographic and soil factors determine fine-scale habitat differentiation,which in turn shape community composition,species richness,structure and aboveground biomass at the local scale in tropical *** test this hypothesis,we selected two areas(each 100×100 m)with contrasting fine-scale topographic conditions where all trees,palms and lianas with a diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm were tagged and identified to *** each selected area,100 subplots of 10×10 m were *** mainly found that higher topographic variability caused higher habitat differentiation with changes in species composition and community structure,but did not change species *** habitat-scale analyses indicated that,in the less heterogeneous area,the distribution of species was more uniform along a fine-scale topographical gradient with no variation in convexity,which induced changes in structure and aboveground biomass,but not in species *** nonsignificant relationship between species richness and aboveground biomass may be attributable to species redundancy or functional *** study suggests that environmental filtering is a fundamental process for shaping community assembly and forest functioning along a local topographical gradient in tropical forests.

关键词： Community–habitat associations Convexity Rarefaction Topographic variability

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