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Generalized Height-Diameter Models for Pinus montezumae Lamb. and Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. Plantations in Michoacan, mexico

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第3期14卷 214-232页

作者： Jonathan Hernández-Ramos Valentín José Reyes-Hernández Héctor Manuel de los Santos-Posadas Aurelio Manuel Fierros-González Enrique Buendía-Rodríguez Gerónimo Quiñonez-Barraza Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrcolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)-Campo Experimental Bajo Celaya Guanajuato Mxico Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Montecillo Mxico inifap Campo Experimental Valle de Mxico Texcoco Mxico inifap Campo Experimental Valle del Guardiana Durango Mxico

Tree height (H) in a natural stand or forest plantation is a fundamental variable in management, and the use of mathematical expressions that estimate H as a function of diameter at breast height (d) or variables at the stand level is a valuable support tool in forest inventories. The objective was to fit and propose a generalized H-d model for Pinus montezumae and Pinus pseudostrobus established in forest plantations of Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacan, mexico. Using nonlinear least squares (NLS), 10 generalized H-d models were fitted to 883 and 1226 pairs of H-d data from Pinus montezumae and Pinus pseudostrobus, respectively. The best model was refitted with the maximum likelihood mixed effects model (MEM) approach by including the site as a classification variable and a known variance structure. The Wang and Tang equation was selected as the best model with NLS;the MEM with an additive effect on two of its parameters and an exponential variance function improved the fit statistics for Pinus montezumae and Pinus pseudostrobus, respectively. The model validation showed equality of means among the estimates for both species and an independent subsample. The calibration of the MEM at the plot level was efficient and might increase the applicability of these results. The inclusion of dominant height in the MEM approach helped to reduce bias in the estimates and also to better explain the variability among plots.

关键词： Random Covariate Random Effects Variance Structure Forest Inventories Forest Management Mixed Models

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Root Sprouts of Domesticated Phaseolus coccineus L. Overwinter Plants and the Environment at Its Collection Sites

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第5期14卷 508-521页

作者： Ma. Luisa Patricia Vargas-Vázquez Jorge Alberto Acosta-Gallegos Fabián Islas-Gutiérrez Enrique Buendía-Rodríguez campo experimental valle de Mé xico Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agr&#237colas y Pecuarias Texcoco Mexico campo experimental Bají o Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agr&#237colas y Pecuarias Guanajuato M&#233xico

Buds emerge from the roots of domesticated runner bean plants (Phaseolus coccineus L.) as sprouts and give the crop its persistence. This particularity of the species seems to be associated with the environment where the species was cultivated during long time. Data on regrowth traits were recorded on 70 accessions of domesticated P. coccineus after overwintering at a site in the central highlands of mexico. The characteristics recorded included fresh weight of vegetative regrowth, root length, root crown diameter, and diameter of the main root. Most accessions that sprout the following spring, after the grain harvest of the previous year, come from temperate and semi-cold sites with cambisol and andosol soils in mixed Quercus pine forest and high mountain fir trees. Those that do not sprout are from sites of semiarid temperate climate, haplic phaeozem soil in shrub grasslands with deciduous broadleaved trees, and semiwarm subhumid climate, eutrophic regosol soil in deciduous broadleaved forest. Two types of roots were differentiated: branched and thickened taproots, also associated with a different climate, and the type of soil of the collection sites.

关键词： P. coccineus Distribution Vegetation-Environment Interactions Drought-Alternative Species Root-Regrowth

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Progress in breeding for resistance to Ug99 and other races of the stem rust fungus in CIMMYT wheat germplasm

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019年第3期6卷 210-224页

作者： Sridhar BHAVANI David PHODSON Julio HUERTA-ESPINO Mandeep SRANDHAWA Ravi PSINGH International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center Texcoco56237Mexico campo experimental valle de México inifap Chapingo56230Mexico International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center ICRAF CampusNairobi00100Kenya

Races belonging to the Ug99(TTKSK) lineage of the wheat stem rust fungus, carrying complex virulence combinations, and their migration to countries in Africa,Middle East and Asia continue to pose a significant threat to global wheat *** rapid spread of additional races, e.g., TKTTF or the Digalu lineage, in several countries causing localized epidemics reminds us of the vulnerability of wheat germplasm to stem rust disease, a formidable foe referenced as early as biblical times.A global rust monitoring system reflecting increased surveillance efforts has identified 13 races within the Ug99 lineage in 13 countries and unrelated lineages are emerging, spreading and posing serious threats to wheat *** TKTTF has caused localized epidemics in Ethiopia and its variants have been recently implicated in stem rust outbreaks in *** research efforts have resulted in the identification of several new resistance genes and gene combinations for use in *** multiple adult plant resistance(APR) genes in high-yielding backgrounds and discovery of new quantitative trait loci conferring stem rust resistance has progressed in the recent years, enhancing the durability of *** gene stewardship and new generation breeding materials and cultivars that combine multiple race-specific or minor to intermediate effect APR genes,complemented by active surveillance and monitoring, have helped to limit major epidemics and increase grain yield potential in key target environments.

关键词： adult plant resistance black rust race-specific resistance Triticum aestivum

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Three co-located resistance genes confer resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in wheat variety Borlaug 100

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 490-497页

作者： Bowei Ye Ravi P.Singh Chan Yuan demei Liu Mandeep S.Randhawa Julio Huerta-Espino Sridhar Bhavani Evans Lagudah Caixia Lan College of Plant Science&Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Apdo.Postal 6-64106600 Mexico D.F.Mexico Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of ScienceXining 810008QinghaiChina campo experimental valle de México inifap Apdo.Postal 1056230ChapingoEdo.de MexicoMexico CSIRO Agriculture&Food GPO Box 1600CanberraACT 2601Australia

Leaf rust(LR) and stripe rust(YR) are important diseases in wheat producing areas worldwide and cause severe yield losses under favorable environmental conditions when susceptible varieties are grown. We determined the genetic basis of resistance to LR and YR in variety Borlaug 100 by developing and phenotyping a population of 198 F6 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross with the susceptible parent Apav#1. LR and YR phenotyping were conducted for 4 and 3 seasons, respectively, at CIMMYT research stations in mexico under artificial epidemics. Mendelian segregation analyses indicated that 3–5 LR and 2 YR genes conferred resistance in Borlaug 100. Lr46/Yr29(1 BL), Yr17(2 AS) and Yr30(3 BS) were present in the resistant parent and segregated in the RIL population based on characterization by molecular markers linked to these genes. When present alone, Lr46/Yr29 caused average 13% and 16% reductions in LR and YR severities, respectively, in RILs. Similarly, Yr17 and Yr30 reduced YR severities by 57% and 11%, respectively. The Yr30 and the Yr17 translocation were also associated with 27% and 14% reductions, respectively, in LR severity, indicating that the 3 BS and 2 AS chromosomal regions likely carry new slow rusting LR resistance genes, temporarily designated as Lr B1 and Lr B2, respectively. Additive effects of Yr30*Yr17, Yr29*Yr17 and Yr29*Yr30 on YR and LR were significant and reduced YR severities by 56%,55%, and 45%, respectively, and LR severities by 34%, 40%, and 45%, respectively. Furthermore, interaction between the three genes was also significant, with mean reductions of 70% for YR and 54% for LR severities. Borlaug 100, or any one of the 21 lines with variable agronomic traits but carrying all three colocated resistance loci, can be used as resistance sources in wheat breeding programs.

关键词： Co-located resistance loci Common wheat Gene interaction Puccinia triticina Puccinia striiformis Triticum aestivum

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Variable-top stem biomass equations at tree-level generated by a simultaneous density-integral system for second growth forests of roble, raulí,and coigüe in Chile

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 993-1010页

作者： Carlos Valenzuela Eduardo Acuna Alicia Ortega Geronimo Quinonez-Barraza Jose Corral-Rivas Jorge Cancino departamento Manejo de Bosques y Medio Ambiente Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de Concepcion Victoria 631Barrio Universitario4070386 ConcepcionChile Instituto de Bosques y Sociedad Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Austral de ChileCampus Isla Teja5110566 ValdiviaChile campo experimental valle del Guadiana Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)km 4.5 Carretera Durango-Mezquital34170 DurangoDGOMexico Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera Universidad de Juarez del Estado de Durango34120 DurangoMexico

Variable-top stem biomass models at the tree level for second growth forests of roble (Nothofagus obliqua), rauli(Nothofagus alpina), and coigüe (Nothofagus dombeyi) were fitted by a simultaneous density-integral system, which combines a stem taper model and a wood basic density model. For each model, an autoregressive structure of order 2 and a power equation of residual variance were incorporated to reduce residual autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity, respectively. By using dummy variables in the regression analysis, zonal effects on the parameters in the variable-top stem biomass equations were detected in roble. Consequently, equations for clusters of zones were obtained. These equations presented significant parameters and a high precision in both fitting and validation processes (i.e., CVdemonstrating that they are unbiased. The advantage of these types of functions is that they provide estimates of volume and biomass of sections of the stem, defined between any two points of the stem in the three species. Thus, depending on the final use of the wood and the dimensions of the tree, a stem fraction can be quantified in units of volume and the remaining fraction in units of weight.

关键词： Autocorrelation density-integral Dummy variables Autoregressive error structure Heteroscedasticity

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Canola and Oat Forage Potential Evaluation in Four Early Planting Dates

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Phyton-International Journal of experimental Botany 2019年第4期88卷 435-448页

作者： Juan Isidro Sánchez-Duarte David Guadalupe Reta-Sánchez JoséAntonio Cueto-Wong Arturo Reyes-González Esmeralda Ochoa-Martínez campo experimental La Laguna Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones ForestalesAgrícolas y Pecuarias(INIFAP).Blvd.JoséSantos Valdez 1200 Pte.Col.CentroMatamorosCoahuilaCP 27440México

Canola and oat forage potential may be affected by climatic conditions when sown *** objective of this study was to evaluate the forage canola and oat potential in four early sowing dates(September 11 and 25;October 9 and 23)during the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 cycles in Matamoros,Coahuila,*** cycle duration,chemical composition,dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),and net energy for lactation(NEL)yields were *** temperatures and long photoperiods affected crops seeded on September 11,accelerating growth and reducing canola(26.6%-31.7%)and oat(15.8%)DM *** of September 25,canola cv IMC 205 reached DM yields(7746 kg ha^(-1)-9276 kg ha^(-1))similar to those obtained by oat(8115 kg ha^(-1)-9507 kg ha^(-1)),while canola cv Hyola 401 obtained such yields only until October *** chemical composition was better than that found in oat,with higher CP,but lower acid detergent fiber(ADF)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)*** equaled oat CP yields(972 kg ha^(-1)-1215 kg ha^(-1))in the first sowing date,while in the other three other canola sowings reached higher yields(1193 kg ha^(-1)-1889 kg ha^(-1)).As for NEL yields,no difference was observed between both *** best sowing date for canola is from September 25 on,with CP production advantages over oat.

关键词： Avena sativa L. Brassica napus L.var.oleifera chemical composition dry matter yield nutrients

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Control Alternatives for Damping-Off in Tomato Seedling Production

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Phyton-International Journal of experimental Botany 2019年第3期88卷 325-333页

作者： A.C.Michel-Aceves J.F.Díaz-Nájera R.Ariza-Flores M.A.Otero-Sánchez R.Escobar-Martínez C.H.Avendaño-Arrazate Centro de Estudios Profesionales del Colegio Superior Agropecuario del Estado de Guerrero Av.Vicente Guerrero No.81Colonia CentroIgualaGuerreroC.P.40000México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias(INIFAP)Campo Experimental IgualaCarr.Iguala-TuxpanKm.2.5 IgualaGuerreroMéxico inifap-campo experimental Rosario Izapa.Carr.Tapachula-Cacahoatán Tuxtla chicoChiapasC.P.30870México

In two tomato genotypes,we assessed control alternatives for damping-off with combinations of chemical fungicides and native/commercial strains of biological *** treatments consisting of 19 levels of mixing products,chemical fungicides,native strains and commercial products from biological control agents,and untreated treatment were used onto Ramsés and Toro *** were distributed on an incomplete block design in divided plots arrangement,where genotypes constitute the larger ones and the 8-repetition mixed products,the smaller *** 180 mL of fungal complexes,made of spores and mycellium Fusarium-solani(2×106 UFC),Rhizoctonia-solani(1×106 UFC),Phytophthora-capsici(1×105 UFC)and Sclerotium-rolfsii(mycellium-sclerotia)on each seedling trays,made inoculation *** mixtures of(Bacillus spp.+Streptomyces spp.+Trichoderma spp.)+(Propamocarb+Fosetyl);(Bacillus spp.+Streptomyces spp.+Trichoderma spp.)+(Metalaxyl+Chlorothalonil);Pseudomonas fluorescens+Streptomyces+Micromonospore+Sporideamium+Aminoacidos,Péptidos,Carbohidratos)+(Propamocarb+Fosetyl);the native strain of Trichoderma asperellum+(Propamocarb+fosetil)and the native strains Trichoderma asperellum+Bacillus subtilis,diminished damping-off,prevented its appearance and had most significant agronomic *** contrast to this,combination of(Mancozeb)+(Free iodine)+(Metalaxyl+Chlorothalonil)+(Methyl thiophanate)produced some toxicity in the *** addition,Ramsés presented the best agronomic parameters,while Toro had the utmost fresh and dry weight in root.

关键词： Trichoderma harzianum T.lignorum biological control

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Response of rice cultivation to biofertilizers in Campeche, mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 715-720页

作者： Fermín Orona-Castro Mónica Guadalupe Lozano-Contreras Martín Tucuch-Cauich Oscar A. Grageda-Cabrera Juan Medina-Mendez Arturo Díaz-Franco Esaú Ruiz-Sánchez Jesús Soto-Rocha campo experimental Bajío (inifap) Celaya México campo experimental Río Bravo (inifap) Rio Bravo México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Edzna Campeche México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Mococha Yucatán México Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal Conkal México

The activity of various biofertilizers on rice production (Sabanero A95) was evaluated in Palizada, Campeche, mexico, in the wet season of 2009 (year one) and 2011 (year two). On year one, arbuscular mycorrhiza inifap? (Rhizophagus intraradices), Azospirillum brasilense plus arbuscular micorrhiza Rhizophagus sp., and chemical fertilizer (92, -92, -60 kg·ha-1) were evaluated, while on year two marine algae extracts, a consortium of growth promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas spp.) and a control (not fertilized) were evaluated. The results showed that there were no significant differences on grain yield among treatments during the year one. The average grain yield was 2,800 kg·ha-1. As for the year two, the highest grain yield was observed on plots fertilized with chemical fertilizer (3333 kg·ha-1), followed by plots treated with mycorrhiza inifap? (3000 kg·ha-1). The economic analysis for rice production in both years showed that the use of arbuscular mycorrhiza decreases the cost of production by 18.5% and 16.3%, which suggests that microbial inoculants might be good substitutes of chemical fertilizers in rice production.

关键词： Rice Wet Season Validation Biofertilizers

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Effectiveness of Selected Microbial Strains on the Growth of Sweet Sorghum

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 772-777页

作者： Arturo Díaz-Franco Oscar Arath Grageda-Cabrera Mónica Guadalupe Lozano-Contreras Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Rio Bravo Km 61 Carretera Matamoros-Reynosa Rio Bravo Tamaulipas Mexico Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Bajio Km 6.5 Carretera Celaya-San Miguel de Allende Celaya Guanajuato Mexico Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Mococha Km 25 Carretera Merida-Motul Yucatan Mexico

Microbial inoculants are of great importance in agro-ecology and plants. However, the symbiotic effectiveness of strains may vary between species or within the same species. Aim of the study was to select experimental microbial strains of national origin, to know its impact on growth of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in greenhouse and sterile soil. Five strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and eight rhizobacteria (two of them mutagenized) were compared with non-inoculated plants as control. Variables measured were index of chlorophyll SPAD, plant height, stem diameter (from the middle section), fresh biomass from stem, leaf, panicle, radical, and stem sugars content (°Brix) of every two internodes. The results showed that in the majority of cases, microbial strains exceeded the values of variables compared with control plants. The highest values of chlorophyll (41.8 SPAD), stem diameter (13.5 mm) and total fresh biomass (144.3 g), were recorded with rhizobacterias BS410 (Herbaspirillum sp.), B2709 (Pseudomonas sp.) and B4M4 (Azospirillum sp.), respectively.

关键词： Beneficial Microorganisms Sorghum bicolor Greenhouse Conditions

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The Genome of Cucurbita argyrosperma (Silver- Seed Gourd) Reveals Faster Rates of Protein- Coding Gene and Long Noncoding RNA Turnover and Neofunctionalization within Cucurbita

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Molecular Plant 2019年第4期12卷 506-520页

作者： Josue Barrera-Red on do Enrique Ibarra-Laclette Alejandra Vazquez-Lobo Yocelyn T. Gutierrez-Guerrero Guillermo Sanchez de la Vega Daniel Pinero Salvador Montes-Hernandez Rafael Lira-Saade Luis E. Eguiarte departamento de Ecologia Evolutiva Instituto de Ecologia Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico Circuito Exterior s/n Anexo al Jardin Bot合nico 04510 Ciudad de Mexico Mexico departamento de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados Instituto de Ecologia A.C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec No. 351 Col. El Haya. C.P. Xalapa Veracruz 91070 Mexico Centro de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Autdnoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad 1001 Col. Chamilpa Cuernavaca Morelos 62209 Mexico campo experimental Bajio Instituto Nacional de In vestigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Km 6.5 Carretera Celaya-San Miguel de Allen de Celaya Guanajuato 38110 Mexico UBIPRO Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de Mexico Av. de los Barrios #1 Col. Los Reyes Iztacala Tlanepantla Edo. de Mex 54090 Mexico

Whole-genome duplications are an important source of evolutionary novelties that change the mode and tempo at which genetic elements evolve within a genome. The Cucurbita genus experienced a wholegenome duplication around 30 million years ago, although the evolutionary dynamics of the coding and noncoding genes in this genus have not yet been scrutinized. Here, we analyzed the genomes of four Cucurbita species, in eluding a newly assembled genome of Cucurbita argyrosperma, and compared the gene con tents of these species with those of five other members of the Cucurbitaceae family to assess the evolutionary dynamics of protein-coding and long intergenic noncoding RNA (lincRNA) genes after the genome duplication. We report that Cucurbita genomes have a higher protein-coding gene birth-death rate compared with the genomes of the other members of the Cucurbitaceae family. C. argyrosperma gene families associated with pollination and transmembrane transport had significantly faster evolutionary rates. lincRNA families showed high levels of gene turnover throughout the phylogeny, and 67.7% of the lincRNA families in Cucurbita showed evidence of birth from the neofunctionalization of previously existing protein-coding genes. Collectively, our results suggest that the whole-genome duplication in Cucurbita resulted in faster rates of gene family evolution through the neofunctionalization of duplicated genes.

关键词： Cucurbita argyrosperma, comparative genomics molecular evolution neofunctionalization long noncoding RNA whole-genome duplication

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