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Structural basis for polyuridine tract recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15

Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 547-552页

作者： Fumiaki Ito Hanjing Yang Z.Hong Zhou Xiaojiang S.Chen Molecular and Computational Biology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States california nanosystems institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095United States Genetic Molecular and Cellular Biology ProgramKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Center of Excellence in NanoBiophysics University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States

Dear Editor,Coronaviruses have evolved a wide array of tactics to evade host antiviral *** host cells detect invading foreign nucleic acids including viral genome and viral replication intermediates,they activate interferon(IFN)signaling via cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors(Kang et al.,2002;Kato et al.,2006).Remarkable stealth activities exhibited by coronaviruses are facilitated by a series of non-structural proteins(Nsps),such as Nsp15(Deng and Baker,2018;Deng et al.,2019;Hackbart et al.,2020),which is a uridine-specific endoribonuclease that mediates evasion of host detection of viral double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)(Bhardwaj et al.,2004;Deng et al.,2017;Frazier et al.,2021;Ivanov et al.,2004).Nsp15 targets a polyuridine[poly(U)]tract on the coronavirus negative strand RNA(Hackbart et al.,2020).Nsp15 limits the abundance and length of poly(U)within the negative strand RNA 5ʹ-extension by trimming down the initially synthesized poly(U)lead sequence to the optimal length that can suppress dsRNA formation but still serves as a template for poly(A)tail of the positive strand genome of the coronaviruses(Hofmann and Brian,1991).

关键词： p15 interferon template

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A universal calibration method for eliminating topographydependent current in conductive AFM and its application in nanoscale imaging

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6509-6517页

作者： Chunlin Hao Hao Xu Shiquan Lin Yaju Zhang Jinmiao He Bei Liu Yuanzheng Zhang Banghao Wu Guozhen Shen Haiwu Zheng Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Smart Micro-nano Sensing Technology and Application School of Physics and ElectronicsHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

The topography and electrical properties are two crucial characteristics that determine the roles and functionalities of *** atomic force microscopy(CAFM)is widely recognized for its ability to independently measure the topography and *** increasing trend towards miniaturization in electrical devices and sensors has encouraged an urgent demand for enhancing the accuracy of CAFM ***,when performing CAFM tests on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,it is interesting to observe significant currents related to the *** do insulators exhibit“conductivity”in CAFM testing?Herein,we thoroughly investigated the topography-dependent current during CAFM testing for the first *** on the linear dependence between the current and the first derivative of topography,the calibration method has been proposed to eliminate the topographic *** method is evaluated on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,one-dimensional(1D)ZnO nanowire,twodimensional(2D)NbOI_(2)flake,and biological lotus *** corresponding results of negligible topography-interference current affirm the feasibility and universality of this calibration *** work effectively addresses the challenge of topographic crosstalk in CAFM characterization,thereby preventing the erroneous estimation of the conductivity of any unknown sample.

关键词： conductive atomic force microscopy topographic crosstalk current error calibration method

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Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-Graells Todd O.Yeates Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California UCLA-DOE institute for Genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIGN

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Magnetic-field-assisted triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting multi-directional wave energy

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7144-7152页

作者： Mengru Ding Jianlong Wang Da Zhao Hengyu Li Xiaojun Cheng Jianming Wen Zhong Lin Wang and Tinghai Cheng Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Guangzhou institute of Blue Energy Guangzhou 510555China College of Engineering Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332-0245USA

Ocean wave energy is a significant and promising source of renewable ***,the energy harvesting is challenging due to the multi-directional nature of *** paper proposes a magnetic-field-assisted triboelectric nanogenerator(MFATENG)for harvesting multi-directional wave *** incorporating a magnetic field,the planar motion of the pendulum is converted into spatial motion,increasing the triggering of multilayered TENG(M-TENG)and enhancing the output energy of the *** results demonstrate that the output energy of the MFA-TENG is increased by 73%by utilizing the magnetic ***,a spring model based on the origami-structured M-TENG is established to analyze the effect of different equivalent stiffnesses on the performance of the M-TENG,aiming to obtain optimal output *** results showcase the impressive output performance of the M-TENG,generating outputs of 250 V,18μA,and 255 ***,the proposed MFA-TENG effectively harvests multi-directional wave energy under water-wave driven *** study significantly enhances the ability of the MFA-TENG to harvest multi-directional wave energy and presents a promising approach for self-powered marine monitoring in the future.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator magnetic-field-assisted spring model multi-directional wave energy

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A wave-shaped electrode flexible sensor capable of sensitively responding to wrinkle excitation for a multifunctional human-computer interaction system

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4454-4461页

作者： Yongyang Chen Zhiyi Wu Chengcheng Han Zhi Cao Yiran Hu Ping Zhao Yuanyu Wang College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuizhou 550025China Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Geological Brigade 105 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550018China

Human-machine interactions(HMIs)have advanced rapidly in recent decades in the fields of healthcare,work,and ***,people with disabilities and other mobility problems do not have corresponding high-tech aids for them to enjoy the convenience of *** this paper,we propose a sensor with a wave-shaped(corrugated)electrode embedded in a friction layer,which exhibits high sensitivity to skin fold excitation and enormous potential in *** to the wave-shaped electrode design,it has no built-in cavities,and its small size allows it to flexibly cope with folds at different *** specifying the carbon nanotube hybrid silicone film as the electrode layer material and silicone film as the friction layer,good electrical output performance,tensile properties,and biocompatibility can be ***,the sensor is tested on various joints and skin folds of the human body,the output signals of which can be distinguished between normal physiological behavior and test *** on this sensor,we designed a medical alarm system,a robotic arm assistive system,and a cell phone application control system for the disabled to help them in the fields of healthcare,work,and *** conclusion,our research presents a feasible technology to enhance HMIs and makes a valuable contribution to the development of high-tech aids for the disabled.

关键词： flexible sensors multifunctionality wrinkle excitation triboelectric nanogenerator human-machine interaction

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Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Blue Energy Harvesting and Marine Environmental Monitoring

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 204-224页

作者： Yang Jiang Xi Liang Tao Jiang Zhong Lin Wang CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro–Nano Energy and SensorsBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Georgia institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332USA

Blue energy,which includes rainfall,tidal current,wave,and water-flow energy,is a promising renewable resource,although its exploitation is limited by current technologies and thus remains *** form of energy is mainly harvested by electromagnetic generators(EMGs),which generate electricity via Lorenz force-driven electron *** nano genera tors(TENGs)and TENG networks exhibit superiority over EMGs in low-frequency and high-entropy energy harvesting as a new approach for blue energy harvesting.A TENG produces electrical outputs by adopting the mechanism of Maxwell’s displacement *** date,a series of research efforts have been made to optimize the structure and performance of TENGs for effective blue energy harvesting and marine environmental *** the great progress that has been achieved in the use of TENGs in this context so far,continuous exploration is required in energy conversion,device durability,power management,and environmental *** review reports on advances in TENGs for blue energy harvesting and marine environmental *** introduces the theoretical foundations of TENGs and discusses advanced TENG prototypes for blue energy harvesting,including TENG structures that function in freestanding and contact-separation *** enhancement strategies for TENGs intended for blue energy harvesting are also ***,marine environmental applications of TENGs based on blue energy harvesting are discussed.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator TENG networks Blue energy Energy harvesting Ocean sensors

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Tuning Surface Molecular Design of Porous Carbon for Blue Energy Harvesting

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 651-662页

作者： Jian Yu Zhong-Lin Wang Tianwei Ma Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Hawaii at MānoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China College of Engineering Texas A&M University-Corpus ChristiCorpus ChristiTX 78412USA

Capacitive mixing is a promising blue energy technology due to its membrane-free electricity generation and long electrode life ***,because of limited performance,existing systems do not lend themselves to practical *** it is a crucial factor directly influencing electrode behavior,surface chemistry has largely been overlooked in capacitive ***,we show that manipulating surface functionalization alone can tune the responses of electrodes to produce a high voltage rise without altering the pore structure of the *** findings reveal that the spontaneous electrode potential of a surface-modified carbon electrode shifts negatively proportional to the surface charge due to the surface groups,which explains why and how manipulating the surface chemistry can improve the power generation capacity.

关键词： electrode Porous mixing

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PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber films with enhanced piezoelectric performance by interfacial engineering for diversified applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 238-245页

作者： Linlin Zhou Tao Yang Chunyu Guo Kang Wang Enhui Wang Laipan Zhu Hailong Wang Sheng Cao Kuo-Chih Chou Xinmei Hou institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Materials Science Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Piezoelectric silicon carbide(SiC)has been quite attractive due to its superior chemical and physical properties as well as wide potential ***,the inherent brittleness and unsatisfactory piezoelectric response of piezoelectric semiconductors remain the major obstacles to their diversified ***,flexible multifunctional PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber films are fabricated and utilized to assemble both piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)and stress/temperature/light *** open cir-cuit voltage(V_(oc))and the density of short circuit current(I_(sc))of the PENG based on the PVDF/5 wt%6H-SiC composite fiber films reach 28.94 V and 0.24μA cm^(-2),showing a significant improvement of 240%and 300%compared with that based on the pure PVDF *** effect of 6H-SiC nanoparticles(NPs)on inducing interfacial polarization and stress concentration in composite fiber films is proved by first-principles calculation and finite element *** stress/temperature/light sensors based on the composite fiber film also show high sensitivity to the corresponding *** study shows that the PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber film is a promising candidate for assembling high-performance energy harvesters and diverse sensors.

关键词： 6H-SiC PVDF Multifunctional composite fiber film Energy harvester Stress/temperature/light sensor

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3D interlocked all-textile structured triboelectric pressure sensor for accurately measuring epidermal pulse waves in amphibious environments

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1923-1932页

作者： Shaobo Si Chenchen Sun Yufen Wu Jingjing Li Han Wang Yinggang Lin Jin Yang Zhong Lin Wang Department of Optoelectronic Engineering Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

The performance degradation and even damage of the e-textiles caused by sweat,water,or submersion during all-weather health monitoring are the main reasons that e-textiles have not been commercialized and routinized so ***,we developed an amphibious,high-performance,air-permeable,and comfortable all-textile triboelectric sensor for continuous and precise measurement of epidermal pulse waves during full-day *** on the principle of preparing gas by acid-base neutralization reaction,a one-piece preparation process of amphibious conductive yarn(ACY)with densely porous structures is *** innovative three-dimensional(3D)interlocking fabric knitted from ACYs(0.6 mm in diameter)and polytetrafluoroethylene yarns exhibit high sensitivity(0.433 V·kPa^(-1)),wide bandwidth(up to 10 Hz),and stability(>30,000 cycles).With these benefits,98.8%agreement was achieved between wrist pulse waves acquired by the sensor and a high-precision laser ***,the polytetrafluoroethylene yarn with good compression resilience provides sufficient mechanical support for the contact separation of the ***,the unique skeletonized design of the 3D interlocking structure can effectively relieve the water pressure on the sensor surface to obtain stable and accurate pulse waves(underwater depth of 5 cm).This achievement represents an important step in improving the practicality of e-textiles and early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： triboelectric pressure sensor amphibious fabric interlocking fabric pulse wave measurement one-piece preparation method

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Ultraviolet Photodetector based on Sr_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10) Perovskite Nanosheets

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 282-287页

作者：张斌斌 JIA Mengmeng LIANG Qi WU Jinsong ZHAI Junyi 李宝文 School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijin 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Liquid-phase exfoliation was employed to synthesize Sr_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10) perovskite nanosheets with thicknesses down to 1.76 *** electron microscopy(TEM),atomic force microscope(AFM),X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS),and other characterization techniques were used to evaluate the atomic structure and chemical composition of the exfoliated nanosheets.A UV photodetector based on individual Sr_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10) nanosheets was prepared to demonstrate the application of an ultraviolet(UV) *** UV photodetector exhibited outstanding photocurrent and responsivity with a responsivity of 3×10^(5) A·W^(-1) at 5 V bias under 280 nm illumination,a photocurrent of 60 nA,and an on/off ratio of 3×10^(2).

关键词： perovskite nanosheets liquid-phase exfoliation ultraviolet photodetector

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