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Review: update on performance assessment and monitoring systems for ophthalmologists

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Annals of eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 24-33页

作者： Heather G.Mack centre for eye Research Australia University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Performance assessment and monitoring systems are the process by which ophthalmologists demonstrate they are fit to continue *** is the process by which licensed doctors are legally required to demonstrate to medical regulators that they are up to date and fit to practice in order to maintain their medical license,and began in the United Kingdom(UK)in 2012 following well-publicized *** is a different process which began in North America and demonstrates doctors have maintained competence,without involvement of external *** for and against the concept of performance assessment are *** in performance assessment,whether part of the process or not,are doctors themselves,peers and other health care providers,patients,hospitals and health systems,medical regulators,and health policy *** models of performance assessment included portfolios,credit accumulation,and closed-book *** are in evolution with the value of formative rather than summative assessments,and the need for methods of assessing procedural competency increasingly *** methods of performance assessment of practicing ophthalmologists include use of performance indicators,simulation,and workplace-based *** methods of assuring the public by improved detection of outliers are *** weak evidence supporting performance assessments in demonstrating continuing competency to practice,the process is gradually being accepted *** research into optimum methods of performance assessment and monitoring processes is required,along with cost-benefit analysis.

关键词： Performance assessment revalidation recertification maintenance of competency relicensure

NLRP3 inflammasome plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases in the eye and brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1425-1426页

作者： Jack Jonathan Maran Odunayo Omolola Mugisho Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit Department of OphthalmologyNew Zealand National Eye CentreUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Key points:With aging,there is increased nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-(NOD-)like receptor(NLR) protein-3(NLRP3) activation in neural and ocular *** of the NLRP3 inflammasome appears to be a common denominator in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases of the eye and *** inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome may be a potent therapy for preventing the development and progression of age-related eye and brain diseases.

关键词： NLRP3 pathogenesis inflam

Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 140-147页

作者： Charmaine Jan Li Toh Chang Liu Isabelle Xin Yu Lee Molly Tzu Yu Lin Louis Tong Yu-Chi Liu Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singapore eye Research Institute Singapore Department of Cornea and External eye Disease Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Corneal neuromas,also termed microneuromas,refer to microscopic,irregula rly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or *** formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves,such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surge ***,denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers,and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas *** recent years,analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy,a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution,has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface *** neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes,and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases,such as neuropathic corneal pain,dry eye disease,diabetic corneal neuropathy,neurotrophic keratopathy,Sjogren's syndrome,bullous keratopathy,post-refra ctive surgery,and *** this review,we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas,as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis,visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy,and utility in monitoring treatment *** current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification,which is user-dependent and labor-intensive,future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner,allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more *** imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases.

关键词： cornea corneal diseases corneal nerve corneal neuropathy in vivo confocal microscopy microneuroma neuroma ocular surface diseases

Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error:A systematic review

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第3期4卷 164-172页

作者： Samantha Min Er Yew Yibing Chen Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh David Ziyou Chen Marcus Chun Jin Tan Ching-Yu Cheng Victor Teck Chang Koh Yih Chung Tham Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore centre for Innovation and Precision eye Health Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore School of Chemistry Chemical Engineeringand BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singapore eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Department of Ophthalmology National University HospitalSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences(eye ACP) Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

ackground:Uncorrected refractive error is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide and its increasing prevalent necessitates effective screening and management ***,deep learning,a subset of Artificial Intelligence,has significantly advanced ophthalmological diagnostics by automating tasks that required extensive clinical *** recent studies have investigated the use of deep learning models for refractive power detection through various imaging techniques,a comprehensive systematic review on this topic is has yet be *** review aims to summarise and evaluate the performance of ocular image-based deep learning models in predicting refractive *** text:We search on three databases(PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science)up till June 2023,focusing on deep learning applications in detecting refractive error from ocular *** included studies that had reported refractive error outcomes,regardless of publication *** systematically extracted and evaluated the continuous outcomes(sphere,SE,cylinder)and categorical outcomes(myopia),ground truth measurements,ocular imaging modalities,deep learning models,and performance metrics,adhering to PRISMA *** studies were identified and categorised into three groups:retinal photo-based(n=5),OCT-based(n=1),and external ocular photo-based(n=3).For high myopia prediction,retinal photo-based models achieved AUC between 0.91 and 0.98,sensitivity levels between 85.10%and 97.80%,and specificity levels between 76.40%and 94.50%.For continuous prediction,retinal photo-based models reported MAE ranging from 0.31D to 2.19D,and R^(2) between 0.05 and *** OCT-based model achieved an AUC of 0.79–0.81,sensitivity of 82.30%and 87.20%and specificity of 61.70%–68.90%.For external ocular photo-based models,the AUC ranged from 0.91 to 0.99,sensitivity of 81.13%–84.00%and specificity of 74.00%–86.42%,MAE ranges from 0.07D to 0.18D and accuracy ranges from 81.60%to 96.70%.The reported papers colle

关键词： Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence Refractive Error Retinal images Optical Coherence Tomography Photorefraction Ocular images Prediction

Malignant glaucoma treated by low-dose laser cycloplasty: a 1-year multicenter prospective noncomparative study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1248-1254页

作者： Hai-Shuang Lin Xiao-Ping Xu Xuan-Li Zheng Ji-Bing Wang Su-Jie Fan Zuo-HongWu Su-Mian Cheng Li-Jun Zhao Qin-Hua Cai Shao-Dan Zhang Shan-Shan Liu Ai-Guo Lyu Ying Zhang Hong Chen Dan-Ni Jiang Wu-Liang Li Nathan Congdon Clement C Tham Ming-Guang He Yuan-Bo Liang the Malignant Glaucoma TreatmentTrial Study(MGTT)Group Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo eye Hospital Ningbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Weifang eye Hospital Weifang 261000Shandong ProvinceChina Handan eye Hospital Handan 056000Hebei ProvinceChina Aier eye Hospital(Wuhan) Wuhan 430061Hubei ProvinceChina Hebei eye Hospital Xingtai 054001Hebei ProvinceChina The Third People’s Hospital of Dalian Dalian 116033Liaoning ProvinceChina First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University Suzhou 215031Jiangsu ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina Glaucoma Research Institute Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina centre for Public Health Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Orbis International New YorkUSA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China centre for eye Research Australia University of MelbourneRoyal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalEast Melbourne 3000VICAustralia 不详

AIM:To report a one-year clinical outcomes of low-dose laser cycloplasty(LCP)among malignant glaucoma ***:In this prospective,multicenter,noncomparative clinical study,participants with malignant glaucoma were recruited and underwent LCP at eight ophthalmic centers in *** were followed up at 1wk,1,3,6,and *** pressure(IOP),number of glaucoma medications,anterior chamber depth(ACD),and complications were *** success was defined as the reformation of the anterior chamber based on slit-lamp *** was defined by the presence of a shallow orﬂat anterior chamber after initial recovery from ***:A total of 34 eyes received *** IOP and medications decreased from 36.1±11.5 mm Hg with 3.3±1.5 glaucoma medications pre-treatment to 20.9±9.8 mm Hg(Peyes achieved initial anatomical *** follow-up,2(5.9%)eyes failed and 8(23.5%)eyes relapsed,yielding a 12-month anatomical success rate of 64.3%.Complications including anterior synechia(8.82%),choroidal/ciliary detachment(5.88%)and hypopyon(2.94%)were observed within ***:LCP is simple,safe,and effective in reforming the anterior chamber in malignant glaucoma.

关键词： anterior chamber reformation intraocular pressure low-dose laser cycloplasty malignant glaucoma anatomical success

Obituary:*** Zhang(1963-2023)-A scientist focused on toxins and their underlying mechanisms to decipher human diseases

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 230-232页

作者： Wenhui Lee Ren Lai the Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of SciencesKIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesNational Resource Centre for Non-Human PrimatesKunming Primate Research CentreNational Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility)Sino-African Joint Research CentreNew Cornerstone Science InstituteKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China

*** Zhang was born on 9 July 1963 in Kunming,Yunnan,China,during a tumultuous period which he often *** his life,he harbored a steadfast belief in using knowledge to unravel the mysteries of human *** educational journey was marked by frequent changes in schools due to his parents’occupational ***,despite these challenges,he consistently displayed diligence and was admitted to the East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,after completing high school in *** remained an active and loyal member of the School of Biotechnology at the university.

关键词： admitted harbor mechanisms

Treatment of uveitis and scleritis patients in Malaysia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 518-527页

作者： Sieng Teng Seow Iqbal Tajunisah Fei Yee Lee Pooi Wah Lott Sagili Chandrasekhara Reddy Department of Ophthalmology University Malaya Eye Research Centre(UMERC)Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 59100Malaysia Clinical Research centre Selayang HospitalMinistry of Health MalaysiaSelangor 68100Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Defence HealthNational Defence University of MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia

●AIM:To determine the common causes and visual outcome after treatment among uveitis and scleritis patients.●METHODS:This is a retrospective cohort observational *** consecutive clinical records of patients with newly diagnosed uveitis and scleritis over a 4-year period,from Jan.1,2017 to Dec.31,2020,were *** was collected at the presentation and included a follow-up period of one year.●RESULTS:A total of 288 patients were recruited during the study *** uveitis was the most common anatomical diagnosis(50.0%)followed by panuveitis(25.0%),scleritis(13.5%),posterior uveitis(6.9%),and intermediate uveitis(4.5%).Viral Herpes was the most common cause of infectious cases,while Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada(VKH)disease and human leucocyte antigen(HLA)B27 spondyloarthropathy were the leading causes of identifiable non-infectious *** of patients presented with unilateral,non-granulomatous uveitis with an absence of *** locations like posterior uveitis and panuveitis,and visual acuity worse than 3/60 at presentation were the factors associated with poor visual outcomes(P<0.05).About 60%of patients had an identifiable cause for the uveitis and scleritis,with nearly equal distribution of infectious(n=85,29.5%)and noninfectious causes(n=84,29.2%).About 14.5%of patients were clinically blind at 1y of *** most common complication in our uveitis patients was glaucoma(47.5%),followed by cystoid macula oedema(18.9%)and cataract(13.9%).●CONCLUSION:Uveitis and scleritis are important causes of ocular *** are potentially blinding diseases which can have a good outcome if diagnosed and treated early.

关键词： uveitis scleritis ocular morbidity blindness aetiology

Overexpression of TRPV1 activates autophagy in human lens epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress through Ca^(2+)-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 420-434页

作者： Liu-Hui Huang Jiao Lyu Sheng Chen Ting-Yi Liang Yu-Qing Rao Ping Fei Jing Li Hai-Ying Jin Pei-Quan Zhao Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Xinhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072China centre for eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalEast MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia Ophthalmology Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneEast MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia Shenzhen eye Hospital Shenzhen Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyAffiliated Shenzhen Eye Hospital of Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200120China

●AIM:To explore whether autophagy functions as a cellular adaptation mechanism in lens epithelial cells(LECs)under hyperosmotic stress.●METHODS:LECs were treated with hyperosmotic stress at the concentration of 270,300,400,500,or 600 mOsm for 6,12,18,24h in *** chain reaction(PCR)was employed for the mRNA expression of autophagyrelated genes,while Western blotting detected the targeted protein *** transfection of stub-RFP-sens-GFPLC3 autophagy-related double fluorescence lentivirus was conducted to detect the level of autophagy *** electron microscopy was used to detect the existence of *** interfering RNA of autophagy-related gene(ATG)7,transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV)1 overexpression plasmid,related agonists and inhibitors were employed to their influence on autophagy related *** cytometry was employed to test the apoptosis and intracellular Ca^(2+)*** membrane potential was measured by JC-1 *** cell counting kit-8 assay was used to calculate the cellular *** wound healing assay was used to evaluate the wound closure *** 6.0 software was utilized to evaluate the data.●RESULTS:The hyperosmotic stress activated autophagy in a pressure-and time-dependent manner in *** 1 protein expression and conversion of LC3B II to LC3B I increased,whereas sequestosome-1(SQSTM1)protein expression *** Ca^(2+)influx was stimulated caused by hyperosmotic stress,levels of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)phosphorylation decreased,and the level of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)phosphorylation increased in the early *** on this evidence,autophagy activation through the Ca^(2+)-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway might represent an adaptation process in LECs under hyperosmotic *** stress decreased cellular viability and accelerated apoptosis in LECs and cellular migration *** of autophagy by ATG7 knockdown had sim

关键词： cataract posterior capsular opacification lens epithelial cell hyperosmotic stress autophagy apoptosis transient receptor potential vanilloid 1

Exploring the synergy of the eyebrain connection:neuromodulation approaches for neurodegenerative disorders through transcorneal electrical stimulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2097-2098页

作者： Antara Verma Stephen K.Agadagba Leanne Lai-Hang Chan Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina centre for eye and Vision Research Ltd. Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Pennsylvania State University University ParkPAUSA

The connection and interaction between the eye and the brain are crucial to understanding brain disorders(Marchesi et al.,2021).Both the eye and the brain have a limited regenerative capacity as there are few progenitor cells,and nerve cells do not ***,neurodegeneration implicates irreversible damage to the central nervous system,as observed in several neurodegenerative diseases(Marchesi et al.,2021).

关键词： stimulation degenerative