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Diesel Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Agricultural Crops： An Estimation Model and a Forestry-Based Neutralization Proposal

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第1期7卷 34-48页

作者： Luiz Carlos Sérvulo de Aquino Brunna Simōes Ungarelli Guilherme Amatuzzi Teixeira Marcos Auré1io Vasconcelos de Freitas Aida Inirida Ortega Acosta International Virtual Institute for Global Climate Change (1VIG) Coordination of Research and Engineering Postgraduation(COPPE) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFR I) RI 21941-485 Brazil Alcaldia de Bogotá Secretarla Distrital de Ambiente Bogotá 110231324 Colémbia

This research presented a mathematical model to calculate the consumption of diesel oil and the respective emissions of CO2from 41 agricultural crops （38 permanent and 3 temporary） in Brazil. It contains data obtained between 2000 and 2012, from accreditedbibliographic sources. In addition to spreadsheets containing diesel consumption, resulting from the analysis of the productive processes,this research presents data on energy conversion and forest development used to subsidize CO2 emissions and mitigation *** for C sequestration of the atmosphere, four options of forest projects were systematized：（1） reforestation with fast growingspecies; （2） forest protection projects, with enrichment plantations; （3） implementation of agroforestry systems （1 st cycle）; and （4） urbanafforestation projects （streets and parks）. Such alternatives are in line with the proposals of the ＂sectorial plan for mitigation andadaptation to climate change for the consolidation of a low C emission in agriculture＂, of the Brazilian Agricultural ResearchCorporation （EMBRAPA）. The results show that three temporary products （soybean, sugarcane and cotton） are responsible, for at least,85% of all CO2 emissions, comparatively the low consumption of diesel oil verified in the management of the 38 permanent productsstudied in this research. Therefore, in order to contribute to the reduction of the release of CO2 into the atmosphere, perennial crops andecologically rational extractivism should be more encouraged and more supported by the public authorities.

关键词： Agricultural crops, diesel consumption, CO2 emissions and C sequestration.

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Generation of Dose Volume Histograms Using Voxel Structure and the Monte Carlo Method in Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2016年第4期5卷 230-241页

作者： Artur F. Menezes Hidmer Laulate Juraci P. Reis Junior Lucia H. Bardella Alessandro Facure Ademir X. Silva Programa de Engenharia Nuclear/coppe Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brasil Seç ã o de Fí sica Mé dica Instituto Nacional de c&acirc ncer Rio de Janeiro Brasil Comissã o Nacional de Energia Nuclear Rio de Janeiro Brasil

The Dose Volume Histograms are tools commonly used in medical physics, for the analysis of doses delivered to the tumors and organs at risk, during radiotherapy treatments. However, there are few studies in the literature showing in details the steps of its construction. This work presents the implementation and evaluation of a computational methodology, for the construction of Dose Volume histograms, generated from simulations using anthropomorphic and voxel phantoms, in conjunction with the Monte Carlo code MCNP. The methodology was evaluated considering brachytherapy planning of low dose rate, using 108 seeds of I-125 with individual activities of 0.33 mCi performed on the simulator in voxel recommended by ICRP 110. The dosimetric analysis after implantation showed that the prostate received doses ranging from 0 to 360 Gy. We found the values of 50, 145 and 160 Gy for the parameters D100, D90 and D80 and 28%, 90%, 92% and 95% for the parameters V200, V100, V90 and V80. The rectum and bladder received maximum doses equal to 41 and 60 Gy and found the values of 39 and 22 Gy and 58 and 42 Gy to the parameters D0.1cc and D2cc, respectively. The results after dosimetric implant proved satisfactory, which validate the methodology described above.

关键词： DVHs Voxel ICRP 110 MCNPX

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Trends in Wind-Power Desalination for Water Supply

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第6期10卷 807-820页

作者： Fabrícia de S. Moreira Adelaide Maria de S. Antunes Marcos Aurélio V. de Freitas Program of Engineering of Chemical and Biochemical Processes School of Chemistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Energy Planning Program COPPE Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Water scarcity is a threat for mankind and its symptoms have been aggravated by several factors such as climate change effects, increase in population and accelerated urbanization. Among the alternatives of water supply, the desalination has become one of the most sustainable solutions to provide freshwater. However, the process of desalination requires high quantities of energy and the use of renewable energy sources can make the technology affordable for regions characterized by fresh-water scarcity where the supply from electricity is not accessible. In this context, wind power can be singled out because of the constant innovations and progress of the wind power industry, which grows rapidly worldwide. This study aims to use patent applications for the technological forecasting of wind-powered desalination in order to analyse its innovation potential. China is the leader country in the technological development of this field, accounting for almost 80% of patent applications in the last 17 years. The patents analysis showed that innovations are being developed to combine the wind power, mainly, with Reverse Osmosis technology. This study also shows the immense potential of integrating of these two technologies as a strategic alternative for remote regions affected by a lack of freshwater and with no electricity access.

关键词： Water Scarcity Desalination Wind Energy Technological Trends Patent Applications

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用于深水石油/天然气加工的海底功能舱的屈曲特性

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2020年第4期19卷 642-657页

作者： Amer Ali Al-Hamati Menglan Duan Chen An C.Guedes Soares Segen Estefen College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijingChina Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC) Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversdade de Lisboa1049-001 LisbonPortugal Federal University of Rio de Janeiro COPPEAv.Athos da Silveira Ramos 149Rio de Janeiro 21941909Brazil

Due to the complexity of installations and connections of subsea production equipment and the massive structures involved in a challenging environment,the failure of subsea production equipment could induce enormous loss to the safety and reliability of structures in addition to the cost of the oilfield *** of the challenges that the subsea production structures face,as it moves to ultra-deep water and polar underwater equipment,is to design subsea shell structures capable of withstanding high external ***,a subsea function chamber(SFC)has been lately proposed as a viable solution,which has a high level of safety and reliability,and a technique for the subsea production *** paper presents a general and efficient buckling and collapse analysis *** this work,the SFC is composed of cylindrical and hemispherical shaped steel *** imperfection-based nonlinear buckling analysis has been carried out to investigate the buckling and risks associated with different thicknesses of the *** and nonlinear static buckling analyses have been carried out using ABAQUS *** introducing the nonlinear properties of materials,the nonlinear numerical model of SFC is *** effects of the thickness of differentmodels and the number of stiffeners on the bucklingmodes are *** wall thickness is calculated by the Donnell equation and Timoshenko’s classical *** has been found that the classical solutions given by the Donnell and Timoshenko equations are more accurate for structures with larger lengths and *** thickness and number of stiffeners have a great influence on the ultimate buckling external pressure load of SFC structure.

关键词： Subsea function chamber New generation Ultimate strength External pressure Buckling instability

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Assessing Cleaner Energy Alternatives for Bus Transit in Rio de Janeiro:A Life Cycle Inventory Analysis

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第11期6卷 1197-1218页

作者： Marcio de Almeida D’Agosto Cintia Machado de Oliveira Fabiana do Couto Assumpcao Ana Carolina Peixoto Deveza Programa de Engenharia de Transportes Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa em Engenharia(COPPE)Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Centro Federal de Educacao Tecnologica Celso Suckow da Fonseca Engenharia Industrial MecanicaUnedItaguaiBrazil

From 2003 to 2009 in Brazilian municipalities of over 60,000 inhabitants, buses accounted for more than 25% of urban trips. This trend is not expected to change in the medium term. Worldwide, buses rely on petroleum diesel as fuel. In Brazil, alternative fuels such as biodiesel, natural gas and ethanol are available and the choice among them should depend on the assessment of the entire life cycle of such fuels. This paper uses a Life Cycle Inventory, which is essential to the implementation of a Life Cycle Assessment, to assess six energy alternatives: petroleum diesel, biodiesel, petroleum diesel with 5% of biodiesel, compressed natural gas, additivated hydrous ethanol and dual-fuel system composed by petroleum diesel with 5% of biodiesel and compressed natural gas. In saving total energy consumption, pure petroleum diesel or mixed with 5% biodiesel and dual-fuel systems stand out, in that order. If renewable energy use and net carbon dioxide emissions reduction are the goals, ethanol and biodiesel should be given preference. The addition of 5% of biodiesel in petroleum diesel increases the share of renewable energy in the supply chain of petroleum diesel by 47.5% with an increase of 0.58% in total energy consumption and a reduction of 3.8% in net CO2 emissions during the life cycle. In the case of biodiesel, the addition of 5% of biodiesel in petroleum diesel increases the share of renewable energy in the supply chain by 51.15% with an increase of 0.03% in the total energy consumption and a decrease of 7% in net CO2 emissions in the life cycle. The use of 5% of biodiesel in petroleum diesel does not significantly affect the use of renewable energy (+0.69%) or total energy consumption (+0.04%) in ethanol supply chain, which already shows a great use of renewable energy input. However, a decrease of 9.29% in the net CO2 emissions in the supply chain occurs, which reaches 5.28% in the life cycle.

关键词： Renewable Energy Total Energy Public Transportation Biofuels Life Cycle

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An Empirical Model for Dinitrogen Gas Emission from Inland Waters

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第1期9卷 1-25页

作者： Elizabeth Sikar Marco Aurelio dos Santos Ednaldo Oliveira dos Santos Rua Sebastião de Moraes S&#227o Carlos Brazil Energy Planning Program/coppe/UFRJ Centro de Tecnologia Bloco C Sala 211 Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Environmental Sciences Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brazil

The motivation to calculate this empirical model resulted from often observing—at the time disconcerting—excess dinitrogen gas (N2 concentration > background concentration) in bubble-gas emission samples, collected primarily for the purpose of carbon budget research, from Brazilian rivers and reservoirs sampled during roughly 100 field surveys lasting 4 days each on average and executed between years 2000 and 2012. We model the (serendipitously) measured dinitrogen gas above environmental concentration (N2aec) escaping in bubbles from Brazilian rivers as a function of dissolved nitrogen (N) in water. To this model, we mathematically add a pre-existing model of diffusively emitted denitrified dinitrogen (also as a function of dissolved N) from streams in the United States of America (USA). The resulting model predicts denitrified dinitrogen water-air emission from inland waters in the USA, China and Germany.

关键词： Dinitrogen Gas Emission Inland Waters Bubbles Diffusion Nitrogen Cycle Denitrification

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巴西的社会创新——将识别关系质量作为取得可持续性成果的战略方针

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创意与设计 2010年第4期 44-47页

作者： Carla Cipolla Roberto Bartholo 严筱巴西里约热内卢联邦大学coppe系江南大学设计学院工业设计系

一、简介该论文发表了米兰理工大学与里约联邦大学对于巴西社会环境中的创造性社会的合作调查成果。创造性社会这一概念由欧盟第六框架计划EMUDE(对可持续解决方案的新兴用户需求)

关键词：关系质量社会创新可持续性解决方案创造性社会环境关系型巴西等级制度案例

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Numerical Modeling of Air Pollutants Emitted by Waterway Transportation

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第6期4卷 123-136页

作者： Marilia Mitidieri Fernandes de Oliveira Nelson Francisco Favilla Ebecken Jorge Luiz Fernandes de Oliveira Marina Aires Center of Technology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program-COPPE/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Geography Postgraduate Program Geoscience Institute of Fluminense Federal University-UFF Niterói Brazil Meteorology Postgraduate Program Geoscience Institute Department of Meteorology of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The world maritime transportation is suffering a large increase in recent years and as a result of this increased on global trade, there is a consequent increase in waterway transportation and demand for fossil fuels, resulting in emissions of air pollutants. Consequently, the impact of transport emissions on climate change was put on the list of priorities. It has a high fuel demand as a result of continuous use of main engines for propulsion, electricity and heat production. The highest exposure levels of air pollution are found in ports and near them because most of the world fleet is positioned in these areas. The port of Rio de Janeiro city, in the Southeast Brazilian coastal, is inserted in the Guanabara Bay (GB), where the breezes recirculate pollutants in Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro (MRRJ). Therefore, the aim of this research was to use the Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS) to generate the wind fields in the MRRJ and to calculate the trajectories of pollutants emitted on GB related to the waterway transportation, using a 3D kinematic trajectories model. Results demonstrated that for the periods analysed, the Central and west areas in the coastal region of the Rio de Janeiro city were the local most affected in the summer. In winter the trajectories reached the cities of the Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias. Both in summer and winter, the trajectories followed towards the South Atlantic Ocean in the morning. Conclusions about this study show the need of decision-making process for better management of waterway transportation sector, improving the harmful effects on air quality in cities located in coastal regions.

关键词： Maritime Transport Ship Emissions Air Pollution Meteorological Models Guanabara Bay

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Energy Planning: Brazilian Potential of Generation of Electric Power from Urban Solid Wastes—Under “<i>Waste Production Liturgy</i>” Point of View

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Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第5期7卷 193-202页

作者： Neilton Fidelis da Silva Angela Oliveira da Costa Rachel Martins Henriques Marcio Giannini Pereira Marcos Aurelio Freitas Vasconcelos Energy Planning Program (PPE) Coordination of Postgraduate Programs in Engineering at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE/UFRJ) Cidade Universit&aacute ria Rio de Janeiro Brazil International Virtual Institute of Global Change—IVIG Centro de Tecnologia Cidade Universit&aacute ria Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN) Natal Brazil

The use of Urban Solid Waste (USW) as sources of energy has acquired rising importance in current discussions of alternative energy supplies, in particular in Brazil. This paper brings to these discussions an examination of the concept of solid wastes, including their historic origins and formation, taking their social, economic and cultural characteristics into account, including point view of waste production liturgy. Consequently, a spendthrift society slanted towards the decreasing marginal utility of assets must make efficient use of its USW in order to reduce excessive output. Besides that, this document presents the Brazilian potential of urban solid waste to produce electric power.

关键词： Urban Solid Wastes Renewable Energy Energy Planning Brazil

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半潜式钻井平台浮箱表面裂纹前沿断裂参量和临界状态评估研究

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海洋工程 2010年第1期28卷 1-8页

作者：王建军段梦兰黎剑波王冬石宋林松李杰中海油田服务股份有限公司北京101149 中国石油大学(北京)海洋油气研究中心北京102249 coppe Federal University of Rio de Janeiro 复旦大学力学与工程科学系上海200433

对于半潜式钻井平台浮箱,裂纹的扩展不仅影响结构的水密性甚至可能对结构的安全产生巨大威胁,并直接决定平台的整体使用寿命。以南海某平台为研究对象,对浮箱板壳椭圆形表面裂纹前沿应力强度因子的分布规律,以及裂纹形状系数对裂纹前沿... 详细信息

对于半潜式钻井平台浮箱,裂纹的扩展不仅影响结构的水密性甚至可能对结构的安全产生巨大威胁,并直接决定平台的整体使用寿命。以南海某平台为研究对象,对浮箱板壳椭圆形表面裂纹前沿应力强度因子的分布规律,以及裂纹形状系数对裂纹前沿应力强度因子分布规律的影响等进行了研究。在此基础上,基于BS7910规范中‘合于使用’原则,对裂纹的临界状态进行了分析和评定,为海洋环境条件下半潜式钻井平台浮箱表面裂纹的极限尺寸研究提供了一种科学的方法。

关键词：半潜式海洋平台表面裂纹应力强度因子临界状态评估 ABAQUS

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