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Joint Loading Estimation Method for Horse Forelimb High Jerk Locomotion:Jumping

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 674-685页

作者： Joanne Becker Mermoz Emmanuel Linares Jean-Marc Airbus Helicopters Aeroport de Marseille ProvenceMarignane 13700France Aix Marseille Univ CNRSISMInst Movement SciMarseille 13009France

Maximal local loads in animal joints are necessary to design bio-inspired mechanical *** studies presented methods to determine joint reaction forces in humans and ***,many of these methods are invasive,and no work has been published yet about the joint reaction forces in the horse forelimb during ***-invasive methods to measure the kinematics and ground reaction force of a horse forelimb were used in this work.A musculoskeletal model of horse forelimb was built with mechanical methods for the estimation of joint reaction *** entire forelimb was reconstructed by scanning real bones geometry with a 3D optical scanner and modeling all the muscles on a Computer Assisted design(CAD)*** model dynamics were simulated with OpenSim in order to estimate the joint *** study allows knowing an order of magnitude of the loads at the joints at jumping in order to determine latter the maximal joint contact loading values that will be a key at designing bio-inspired joints for mechanical assemblies.

关键词： joint loading jumping kinematics modelling OpenSim

Conversion of the refractory ammonia and acetic acid in catalytic wet air oxidation of animal byproducts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期23卷 520-528页

作者： Virginie Fontanier Sofiane Zalouk Stéphane Barbati Aix-Marseille universite's-cnrs (UMR 6264)-Laboratoire de Chimie provence:quipe Chimie de l'Environnement Continental-3 Place Victor Hugo (case 29)-13331 Marseille cedex 3France

Wet air oxidation （WAO） and catalytic wet air oxidation （CWAO） of slaughtered animal byproducts （ABPs） were investigated. Two step experiment was carried out consisting of a non-catalysed WAO run followed by a CWAO run at 170-275 ℃, 20 MPa, and reaction time 180 min. The WAO （lst step） of sample （5 g/L total organic carbon （TOC）） yielded （82.0 ±4）% TOC removal and （78.4 ± 13.2）% conversion of the initial organic-N into NH4＋-N. Four metal catalysts （Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru） supported over alumina have been tested in catalytic WAO （2nd step） at elevated pH to enhance ammonia conversion and organic matter removal, particularly acetic acid. It was found that the catalysts Ru, Pt, and Rh had significant effects on the TOC removal （95.1%, 99.5% and 96.7%, respectively） and on the abatement of ammonia （93.4%, 96.7% and 96.3%, respectively） with high nitrogen selectivity. The catalyst Pd was found to have the less activity while Pt had the best performance. The X-Ray diffraction analysis showed that the support of catalyst was not stable under the experimental conditions since it reacted with phosphate present in solution. Nitrite and nitrate ions were monitored during the oxidation reaction and it was concluded that CWAO of ammonia in real waste treatment framework was in good agreement with the results obtained from the literature for ideal solutions of ammonia.

关键词： wet oxidation, heterogeneous catalysis animal byproducts acetic acid ammonia, nitrite nitrate

Influence of alkali mixed effect on the mixing enthalpy in 0.75B_2O_3-0.25[xNa_2O-(1-x)K_2O]glass system

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2008年第10期19卷 1252-1255页

作者： A.Kouyate A.P.Ahoussou A.Yapi D.Diabate J.Rogez A.Trokourey Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique UFR-SSMTUniversité de Cocody22 BP 582 Abidjan 22Cote d'Ivoire Institut des Matériaux de Microélectroniquede Nanoscience de ProvenceIM2NPUMR 6242CNRSUniversité Paul CézanneMarseilleFaculté des Sciences et Techniques de St Jérme13397 Marseille Cedex 20France

The mixed alkali effect was investigated in the glass system 0.75B2O3-0.25[xNa2O-（1 -x）K20] through thermodynamic properties. The calorimetric measurements were performed in HF solution calorimetry at 298 K. The mixing enthalpy values show non-linear behaviour upon substitution of one alkali ion by another. This thermodynamic non-ideality is caused by the slight variations of distance between metallic cations, the macromolecular structure being unchanged. It can be explained, at least qualitatively, using electrolyte theory based on the Coulombic interactions of charged species originally developed by debye and Hückel.

关键词： Alkali mixed effect Calorimetry Mixing enthalpy Coulombic interactions

Contribution to thermochemical studies of 0.8[xB_2O_3-(1-x)SiO_2]-0.2Na_2O glasses

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第2期20卷 245-249页

作者： A.P.Ahoussou J.Rogez A.Yapi V.Mikalean A.Kone Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique UFR-SSMTUniversité de Cocody22 BP 582 Abidjan 22Cte d'IvoireFrance Institut des Matériaux de Microélectroniquede Nanoscience de Provence(IM2NP)UMR 6242CNRSUniversité Paul CézanneMarseilleFaculté des Sciences et Techniques de St Jérome13397 Marseille Cedex 20France

Calorimetric measurements in 0.8[xB2O3-（1 - x）SiO2]-0.2Na2O glasses and melts are performed in I-IF calorimetry at 298 K and lead borate calorimetry at 973 K, respectively. Mixing enthalpy is affected by both temperature and composition. At 298 K, the mixing enthalpies are slightly negative and components are miscible at that temperature in the whole composition range. At 973 K, the sign of the mixing enthalpies reflect the tendency to phase separation at silica-rich compositions, which is avoided for kinetic reasons as shown by SEM results. Therefore, one is tempted to consider the quenched 0.8[xB2O3-（1 - x）SiO2-0.20Na2O] glasses and melts as single-phase materials.

关键词： Borosilicate HF calorimetry Lead borate calorimetry Mixing enthalpy

Spectral Vanishing Viscosity Stabilized LES of the Ahmed Body Turbulent Wake

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第2期5卷 635-648页

作者： M.Minguez R.Pasquetti E.Serre Lab.J.A.Dieudonne UMR CNRS 6621Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis06200 NiceFrance Lab.MSNM-GP UMR CNRS 6181Universite de Provence13451 MarseilleFrance

The paper addresses the Large-Eddy Simulation(LES)of the turbulent wake of the Ahmed car *** this end we use a Fourier-Chebyshev multi-domain solver and the LES capability is implemented through the use of the Spectral Vanishing Viscosity(SVV)method,completed with a near-wall correction.A“pseudo-penalization”technique is used to model the bluff *** of the present SVV-LES results with the experiments and also with a more classical Finite Volume LES are provided.

关键词： Large-eddy simulation spectral vanishing viscosity spectral methods wakes turbulence

Infrared spectroscopy analyses of air-CH_4 or air-CO gas flows interacting with polycrystalline CeO_2, La_2O_3 and Lu_2O_3 oxides

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第8期30卷 835-841页

作者： Bahcine BAKIZ Lamia BOURJA Abdeljalil BENLHACHEMI Frédéric GUINNETON Madjid ARAB Jean-Raymond GAVARRI Institute Materials Microelectronics & Nanosciences of Provence UMR CNRS 6242 University SOUTH Toulon-Var Laboratory Materials & Environment Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Zohr

A comparative study of reactivity between air-CH4 or air-CO gas flows and CeO2, La2O3 and Lu2O3 rare earth oxides was per- formed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of CO2 gas resulted from the conversion of CH4 or CO gases. Polyerystalline samples of CeO2, La2O3 and Lu2O3 were first prepared by specific precipitation methods followed by low temperature calcination process. In the case of Lu2O3 oxide, a new specific route was proposed. Crystallite dimensions were determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Morphologies were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Specific surface areas were determined from Bnmauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） technique. Using infrared spectroscopy analyses, the conversion rates of CH4 or CO into CO2 were de- termined from the evolutions of CO2 vibrational band intensities, as a function of time and temperature. It was dearly established that, despite its low specific surface, the Lu2O3 oxide presented the highest capacity of conversion of CH4 or CO into CO2.

关键词： lutetium oxide rare earth oxides elaboration gas solid interactions infrared spectroscopy

Battery-Free Power Supply for Wireless Sensor Combining Photovoltaic Cells and Supercapacitors

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Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第3期15卷 151-179页

作者： Vincent Boitier Bruno Estibals Florian Huet Lionel Seguier LAAS-cnrs Université de Toulouse Toulouse France LISPEN Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology HESAM Université Aix-en-Provence France

This article exhibits the sizing, modelling, and characterization of a power supply (output 3.3 V, 200 mA max, 11 days full autonomy) dedicated to powering a wireless sensor node without a battery but usable as simply as with a battery. This system is modular for various light levels (indoor and outdoor). It is easily integrable into a sensor node, using only commercial circuits. The choices of the photovoltaic surface (amorphous silicon, η 5%, 35 cm2) and of the supercapacitors value (2x 25F, 2.7 V) are explained for permanent operation, considering the solar potential and the consumption. An original part of the paper is devoted to the issue of the startup, in which we demonstrate that after a particular preload, once installed, the device can start on request at the desired time (within 15 days) using as a trigger any light source, such as the LED of a mobile phone.

关键词： Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Free Battery System Energy Management Supercapacitor

Wear Behavior of a Bio-inspired Bearing for off-center Loads

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第6期17卷 1251-1262页

作者： delphine Sysaykeo Jean-Marc Linares Emmanuel Mermoz Alix-Marseile universite CNRSCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueISMInstitut des Sciences du MouvementMarseille 13009France Advanced concepts and Dynamic systems architecture department Airbus HelicoptersAeroport International Marseille ProvenceMarignane 13700France

Misalignment is one of the most common causes of wear in bush *** improvements have been proposed by many ***,it did not efficiently reduce the *** geometrical designs sometimes reach their *** this reason,a bio-inspired design is proposed to solve the *** this article,a bio-inspired bearing suited to misalignment was tested and compared to a classical bush *** contact pressures of both bearings were compared with static Finite Element(FE)simulations for off-center *** to the complex shape of the involved contact,the performances of both bearings were also studied over *** wear behaviors were predicted with a numerical *** methodologies emplaced to simulate the wear were described in this ***,the wear coefficient determination obtained by experimental testing was *** pressure value,the contact zone and the wear depth were compared and *** wear results for the classical bearing are in accordance with the *** simulations show a deeper wear on the classical bush bearing than on the bio-inspired *** leads to a longer period of service life for the bio-inspired bearing.

关键词： biologically inspired design bush bearing wear simulation

Bio-inspired Topological Skeleton for the Analysis of Quadruped Kinematic Gait

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第5期15卷 839-850页

作者： Benjamin Boudon Jean-Marc Linares Anick Abourachid Arthur Vauquelin Emmanuel Mermoz Aix Marseille university CNRS ISM Marseille 13009 France Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Pavillon d'Anatomie Comparbe 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris Cedex 05 France Airbus Helicopters Abroport de Marseille Provence Marignane 13700 France

In bio-inspired design activities, nature is a basis of knowledge. Over the last twenty years, many solutions to measure and analyze human or animal gaits have been developed （VICON system, X-ray radiography...）. Although, these methods are becoming more and more accurate, they are quite expensive, long to set up and not easily portable. In this paper, a method called the bio-inspired topological skeleton is proposed in order to complement the classic videography process and to enable animal gait analysis. A new predictive kinematic model with closed-loops of an unguligrade quadruped is suggested. This kinematic model includes three segments per leg and takes into account the scapula movements. The proposed method allows us to improve the accuracy of the kinematic input data measured from a single video including an additional artefact. To show the benefits of this method, joint parameters that are difficult to measure are derived symbolically from the kinematic model and compared with experimental data.

关键词： quadruped locomotion motion analysis topological skeleton closed-form solutions Multibody Systems (MBS)