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A regression approach for seismic first-break picking

Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1584-1596页

作者： Huan Yuan San-Yi Yuan Jie Wu Wen-Jing Sang Yu-He Zhao cnpc key laboratory of geophysical exploration China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Research Institute of Petroleum exploration&Development—Northwest(NWGI) Key Laboratory of reservoir characterization of CNPCPetroChinaLanzhou 730020GansuChina

The picking efficiency of seismic first breaks(FBs)has been greatly accelerated by deep learning(DL)***,the picking accuracy and efficiency of DL methods still face huge challenges in low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)*** address this issue,we propose a regression approach to pick FBs based on bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi LSTM)neural network by learning the implicit Eikonal equation of 3D inhomogeneous media with rugged topography in the target *** employ a regressive model that represents the relationships among the elevation of shots,offset and the elevation of receivers with their seismic traveltime to predict the unknown FBs,from common-shot gathers with sparsely distributed *** from image segmentation methods which automatically extract image features and classify FBs from seismic data,the proposed method can learn the inner relationship between field geometry and *** addition,the predicted results by the regressive model are continuous values of FBs rather than the discrete ones of the binary *** picking results of synthetic data shows that the proposed method has low dependence on label data,and can obtain reliable and similar predicted results using two types of label data with large *** picking results of9380 shots for 3D seismic data generated by vibroseis indicate that the proposed method can still accurately predict FBs in low SNR *** subsequent stacked profiles further illustrate the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed *** results of model data and field seismic data demonstrate that the proposed regression method is a robust first-break picker with high potential for field application.

关键词： First-break picking Low signal-to-noiseratio Regression BiLSTM Traveltime Geometry Noisy seismic data

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An improved deep dilated convolutional neural network for seismic facies interpretation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1569-1583页

作者： Na-Xia Yang Guo-Fa Li Ting-Hui Li Dong-Feng Zhao Wei-Wei Gu State key laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering CNPC Key Lab of Geophysical ExplorationChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Dagang Branch Research InstituteBGPTianjin300280China

With the successful application and breakthrough of deep learning technology in image segmentation,there has been continuous development in the field of seismic facies interpretation using convolutional neural *** intelligent and automated methods significantly reduce manual labor,particularly in the laborious task of manually labeling seismic ***,the extensive demand for training data imposes limitations on their wider *** overcome this challenge,we adopt the UNet architecture as the foundational network structure for seismic facies classification,which has demonstrated effective segmentation results even with small-sample training ***,we integrate spatial pyramid pooling and dilated convolution modules into the network architecture to enhance the perception of spatial information across a broader *** seismic facies classification test on the public data from the F3 block verifies the superior performance of our proposed improved network structure in delineating seismic facies *** analysis against the traditional UNet model reveals that our method achieves more accurate predictive classification results,as evidenced by various evaluation metrics for image ***,the classification accuracy reaches an impressive 96%.Furthermore,the results of seismic facies classification in the seismic slice dimension provide further confirmation of the superior performance of our proposed method,which accurately defines the range of different seismic *** approach holds significant potential for analyzing geological patterns and extracting valuable depositional information.

关键词： Seismic facies interpretation Dilated convolution Spatial pyramid pooling Internal feature maps Compound loss function

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A seismic elastic moduli module for the measurements of low-frequency wave dispersion and attenuation of fluid-saturated rocks under different pressures

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 162-181页

作者： Yan-Xiao He Shang-Xu Wang Gen-Yang Tang Chao Sun Hong-Bing Li San-Yi Yuan Xian Wei Li-Deng Gan Xiao-Feng Dai Qiang Ge Peng-Peng Wei Hui-Qing Zhang National key laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering CNPC Key Lab of Geophysical ExplorationCollege of GeophysicsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116JiangsuChina Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development CNPCBeijing100083China Beijing Vocational College of labour and Social Security Beijing100029China PetroChina Dagang Oilfield exploration and Development Research Institute CNPCTianjin300280China

Knowledge about the seismic elastic modulus dispersion,and associated attenuation,in fluid-saturated rocks is essential for better interpretation of seismic observations taken as part of hydrocarbon identification and time-lapse seismic surveillance of both conventional and unconventional reservoir and overburden performances.A Seismic Elastic Moduli Module has been developed,based on the forced-oscillations method,to experimentally investigate the frequency dependence of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio,as well as the inferred attenuation,of cylindrical samples under different confining pressure *** with three standard samples showed that the measured elastic moduli were consistent with the published data,indicating that the new apparatus can operate reliably over a wide frequency range of f∈[1-2000,10^(6)]*** Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the shale and the tight sandstone samples were measured under axial stress oscillations to assess the frequency-and pressure-dependent *** dry condition,both samples appear to be nearly frequency independent,with weak pressure dependence for the shale and significant pressure dependence for the *** particular,it was found that the tight sandstone with complex pore microstructure exhibited apparent dispersion and attenuation under brine or glycerin saturation conditions,the levels of which were strongly influenced by the increased effective *** addition,the measured Young's moduli results were compared with the theoretical predictions from a scaled poroelastic model with a reasonably good agreement,revealing that the combined fluid flow mechanisms at both mesoscopic and microscopic scales possibly responsible for the measured dispersion.

关键词： Low-frequency measurements Dispersion and attenuation Rock physics Fluid flow

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Fault characteristics and their control on oil and gas accumulation in the southwestern Ordos Basin

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 162-171页

作者： Yongtao Liu Shuanghe Dai Yijun Zhou Fufeng Ding Mingjie Li Xingyun Li Yu Zhao Binhua Guo Tong Li Junan Han Research Institute of Oriental geophysical Company CNPCXi'an710021China State key laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi'an710069China exploration Department of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an710018China

3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this *** interpretation suggests that the faults in the southwestern Ordos Basin have three basic characteristics,namely extreme micro-scale,distinct vertical stratification,and regularity of planar *** NS-,NW-,and NE-trending fault systems developed in the Meso-Neoproterozoic e Lower Ordovician *** these,the NS-trending fault system mainly consists of consequent and antithetic faults which show clear syndepositional *** fault systems in the Carboniferous e Middle-Lower Triassic strata are not clear on seismic reflection *** NW-and NE-trending fault systems are developed in the Upper Triassic e Middle Jurassic *** these,the NW-trending fault system appears as a negative flower structure in sectional view and in an en echelon pattern in plan-view;they show transtensional deformation.A NE-trending fault system that developed in the Lower Cretaceous e Cenozoic strata shows a Y-shaped structural style and tension-shear properties.A comprehensive analysis of the regional stress fields at different geologic times is essential to determine the development,distribution direction,and intensity of the activity of fault systems in the Ordos *** exploration suggests three aspects in which the faults within the Ordos Basin are crucial to oil and gas ***,these faults serve as vertical barriers that cause the formation of two sets of relatively independent petroleum systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata respectively;this is the basis for the‘upper oil and lower gas’distribution ***,the vertical communication of these faults is favorable for oil and gas migration,thus contributing to the typical characteristics of multiple oil and gas fields within the basin,*** and gas reservoirs with multiple

关键词： Coherent attribute Strike-slip fault Flower structure Shale oil Ordos basin

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Wavefield Separation of Distributed Acoustic Sensing Vertical Seismic Profile Data Based on Multichannel Vector Median Filtering

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 712-716页

作者： Zijuan Ma Jun Lu Feng Zhang Pinbo Ding Zhidong Cai key laboratory of Intraplate Volcanoes and Earthquakes Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Geophysics China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China New Resources geophysical exploration Division BGP Inc.CNPCZhuozhouHebei 072751China

INTRODUCTION Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)is a novel and popular technology for vertical seismic profile(VSP)data acquisition because of its many advantages,including full vertical coverage,high sampling density,low cost,and resistance to stressors(high temperature and pressure).The current industrial application of DAS in borehole exploration acquires single-mode *** records strain rates,which are then converted to particle velocities by the modem before being written to the disk.

关键词： Seismic Vertical borehole

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Quantitative characterizations of anisotropic dynamic properties in organic-rich shale with different kerogen content

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 855-865页

作者： Jian-Yong Xie Yan-Ping Fang Xing-Hua Wu Jian'er Zhao Jun-Cheng Dai Jun-Xing Cao Ji-Xin Deng State key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanChina key lab of Earth exploration&Information Techniques of Ministry of Education Geophysical InstituteChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanChina PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company Chengdu610017SichuanChina

Understanding the quantitative responses of anisotropic dynamic properties in organic-rich shale with different kerogen content(KC)is of great significance in hydrocarbon exploration and *** controlled experiments with a single variable is challenging for natural shales due to their high variations in components,diagenesis conditions,or pore *** employed the hot-pressing technique to construct 11 well-controlled artificial shale with varying *** artificial shale samples were successive machined into prismatic shape for ultrasonic measurements along different *** revealed bedding perpendicular P-wave velocities are more sensitive to the increasing KC than bedding paralleling velocities due to the preferential alignments of *** elastic stiffnesses except C_(13)are generally decreasing with the increasing KC,the variation of C_(1) and C_(33)on kerogen content are more sensitive than those of C_(44)and C_(66).Apparent dynamic mechanical parameters(v and E)were found to have linear correlation with the true ones from complete anisotropic equations independent of KC,which hold value towards the interpretation of well logs consistently across formations,Anisotropic mechanical parameters(ΔE and brittlenessΔB)tend to decrease with the reducing KC,withΔB showing great sensitivity to KC *** the range of low KC(10%)shale,compilation of data from natural organic rich-shales globally verified the similar systematic relationships that can be empirically used to predict the fraction of KC in shales.

关键词： Elastic properties Organic shale Anisotropy Kerogen content Physical modeling

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Shear wave velocity prediction:A review of recent progress and future opportunities

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 36-54页

作者： John Oluwadamilola Olutoki Jian-guo Zhao Numair Ahmed Siddiqui Mohamed Elsaadany AKM Eahsanul Haque Oluwaseun Daniel Akinyemi Amany H.Said Zhaoyang Zhao State key laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical ExplorationCollege of GeophysicsChina University of PetroleumBeijingChina Center of Excellence in Subsurface Seismic Imaging and Hydrocarbon Prediction Department of GeoscienceFaculty of Geoscience&Petroleum EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS(UTP)Malaysia Geology Department Faculty of ScienceAssiut UniversityAssiut71516Egypt

Shear logs,also known as shear velocity logs,are used for various types of seismic analysis,such as determining the relationship between amplitude variation with offset(AVO)and interpreting multiple types of seismic *** log is an important tool for analyzing the properties of rocks and interpreting seismic data to identify potential areas of oil and gas ***,these logs are often not collected due to cost constraints or poor borehole conditions possibly leading to poor data quality,though there are various approaches in practice for estimating shear wave *** this study,a detailed review of the recent advances in the various techniques used to measure shear wave(S-wave)velocity is carried *** techniques include direct and indirect measurement,determination of empirical relationships between S-wave velocity and other parameters,machine learning,and rock physics ***,this study creates a collection of employed techniques,enhancing the existing knowledge of this significant topic and offering a progressive approach for practical implementation in the field.

关键词： Shear wave(S-wave)velocity Direct and indirect measurement Empirical relationship Artificial intelligence(AI) Machine learning Rock physics model

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Acoustic Full Waveform Inversion of DAS-VSP Data

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第5期35卷 1795-1798页

作者： Shuo Zhang Jun Lu Xiaobo Liu Chengyu Pan Zhidong Cai School of Geophysics and Information Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Ocean Sciences China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China key laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesMinistry of EducationBeijing 100083China New Resources geophysical exploration Division BGP Inc.CNPCZhuozhouHebei 072751China

INTRODUCTION The optical-fiber distributed acoustic sensing-vertical seismic profiling(DAS-VSP)acquisition system can record seismic data in wells continuously,thus providing several advantages such as dense spatial sampling,high signal-to-noise ratio,high acoustic sensitivity,and broad bandwidth(Ellmauthaler et al.,2021;Spikes et al.,2019).

关键词： seismic VSP Inversion

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Pore structure characteristics and controlling factors of different lithofacies in lacustrine shale: A case study of Fengcheng Formation in Mahu Sag， Junggar Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Jiahao Lü Fujie Jiang Jing Xue Tao Hu Yuping Wu Chenxi Zhang Meiling Hu Renda Huang key laboratory of Petroleum Resource Research， Institute of Geology and Geophysics， Chinese Academy of Sciences State key laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting， China University of Petroleum (Beijing) College of Geosciences， China University of Petroleum (Beijing) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Institute of Oriental geophysical Company，cnpc

The practice of shale oil exploration and development all over the world has shown that reservoir quality is a key factor restricting oil and gas production， the study of ultra-deep (4 500 m) reservoirs in petroliferous basins is a hot spot for oil and gas exploration in the world today. In this paper， taking the Fengcheng Formation (P1f) in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin as an example， through experiments such as geochemistry， whole rock analysis， FE-SEM， N2 adsorption， and CO2 adsorption， the lithofacies are separated， and the pore structure properties of the various lithofacies are compared. Discuss the primary influencing elements that lead to pore structure differences. The results reveal that the shale of the P1f can be separated into four lithofacies (namely felsic shale， mixed shale， lime shale and dolomitic shale)， according to the mineral composition. The shale pores of P1f develop intergranular pores， intragranular pores， organic pores and micro-fractures. Among them， intergranular pores， intragranular pores and micro-fractures are the most developed， and the pore size is larger， which is a favorable storage space. Different lithofacies have different pore development characteristics. With the change of lithofacies (mixed shale - dolomitic shale - lime shale - felsic shale)， the size of the developed pores changes from small to large， and the pore structure changes from "Mainly microporous" to "mainly macropores". The felsic shale has developed laminae， mainly mesopores and macropores， with the largest pore diameter and the highest content of brittle minerals， which is the dominant lithofacies in the shale oil reservoir of the P1f. TOC， felsic and clay minerals all affect the pore development of shale in the P1f， but the influence of organic matter and inorganic minerals on pore volume varies with pore size. The purpose of this article is to characterize the pore structures and regulators of various lithofacies in lacustrine shale and to provide new ideas for

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Effects of Enclosure on Grassland Ecological and Economic Benefits in Northern China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第1期34卷 67-78页

作者： HU Bo WEN Qingke XI Fengjiang LI Mengyao WANG Libing REN Yuejuan Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100094China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Inner Mongolia Remote Sensing Center Co. Ltd.Huhhot010000China Xilinhot the Maodeng pasture Xilinhot026000China China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116China Shanxi Provincial key lab of Resources Environment and Disaster MonitoringCoal Geological Geophysical Exploration Surveying&Mapping Institute of Shanxi ProvinceJinzhong030600China

Grasslands in northern China serve the country as both an ecological barrier and a livestock production ***,installing enclosures has been becoming the major grassland restoration measure adopted by many local ***,the effects of restoration on both ecological and production benefits of grassland remain unclear for implemented grassland restoration ***,a representative rangeland in northern China,the Maodeng pasture in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was selected as the study area,and remote sensing monitoring analyses were carried out to quantify the ecological benefits and economic benefits from 2015 to *** results showed that:1) in terms of ecological benefits,the grassland area with a grassland coverage rate of more than 60% accounts for 32.3% of the regional area,and 86.4% of its grassland grew significantly better than the same period in2015,showing a significant improvement in grassland *** the average amount of carbon per unit area as the ecological benefit evaluation index,it increased by 27.1% to 32.48Tg C/yr from 2015 to 2021.2) In terms of economic benefits,both theoretical grass production and livestock carrying capacity increased from 2015 to *** to 2015,the theoretical grass production in 2021 increased by 24.8% to 71 900 *** livestock carrying capacity reached 52 100 sheep units in 2021,nearly 11 000 sheep units more than that in *** the study period,multiple economic indicators(on a per capita basis of permanent residents) for the pastoral area of Xilinhot City to which the Maodeng pasture belongs,have grown *** capita total income rose from 29 630 yuan(RMB) in2015 to 62 859 yuan(RMB) in *** on grassland resources to develop the pastoral ecology also broadens the potential economic development ***,the establishment of the reserve and the experiment of implanting an enclosure policy have had a significant and positive impact on Maodeng pasture’s develo

关键词： enclosure grassland ecological benefit economic benefit Maodeng pasture Inner Mongolia northern China

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