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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第9期 92-98页

作者：吴琼付盈王乐周雪峰王善民朱子浩陈锴文姜程予 Toni Shiroka Adrian D.Hillier 梅佳伟殳蕾 State Key laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsFudan University Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of PhysicsSouthern University of Science and Technology laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy Paul Scherrer Institute Laboratorium für Festk?rperphysik ETH Zürich ISIS Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences

By using muon spin relaxation（μSR） measurements, we perform a comparative study of the microscopic magnetism in the parent compounds of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors RNiO2（R = La, Nd）. In either compound, the zero-field μSR spectra down to the lowest measured temperature reveal no long-range magnetic order.

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Petawatt class lasers worldwide

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第1期3卷 5-18页

作者： Colin Danson David Hillier Nicholas Hopps David Neely AWE STFC rutherford appleton laboratory

The use of ultra-high intensity laser beams to achieve extreme material states in the laboratory has become almost routine with the development of the petawatt laser. Petawatt class lasers have been constructed for specific research activities,including particle acceleration, inertial confinement fusion and radiation therapy, and for secondary source generation(x-rays, electrons, protons, neutrons and ions). They are also now routinely coupled, and synchronized, to other large scale facilities including megajoule scale lasers, ion and electron accelerators, x-ray sources and z-pinches. The authors of this paper have tried to compile a comprehensive overview of the current status of petawatt class lasers *** definition of ‘petawatt class' in this context is a laser that delivers >200 TW.

关键词： diode pumped high intensity high power lasers megajoule petawatt lasers

Inertial confinement fusion and prospects for power production

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第1期3卷 36-43页

作者： C.B.Edwards C.N.Danson HiPER Project STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory AWE plc

As our understanding of the environmental impact of fossil fuel based energy production increases, it is becoming clear that the world needs a new energy solution to meet the challenges of the future. A transformation is required in the energy market to meet the need for low carbon, sustainable, affordable generation matched with security of supply. In the short term, an increasing contribution from renewable sources may provide a solution in some locations. In the longer term,low carbon, sustainable solutions must be developed to meet base load energy demand, if the world is to avoid an ever increasing energy gap and the attendant political instabilities. Laser-driven inertial fusion energy(IFE) may offer such a solution.

关键词： ICF IFE inertial confinement fusion inertial fusion energy

Integrating the Climate Science Modelling Language with geospatial software and services

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第S1期2卷 29-39页

作者： D.Lowe A.Woolf B.Lawrence S.Pascoe rutherford appleton laboratory British Atmospheric Data CentreDidcotUK rutherford appleton laboratory STFC e-Science CentreDidcotUK

Much consideration is rightly given to the design of metadata models to describe *** the other end of the data-delivery spectrum much thought has also been given to the design of geospatial delivery interfaces such as the Open Geospatial Consortium standards,Web Coverage Service(WCS),Web Map Server and Web Feature Service(WFS).Our recent experience with the Climate Science Modelling Language shows that an implementation gap exists where many challenges remain *** bridge this gap requires transposing information and data from one world view of geospatial climate data to *** of the issues include:the loss of information in mapping to a common information model,the need to create‘views’onto file-based storage,and the need to map onto an appropriate delivery interface(as with the choice between WFS and WCS for feature types with coverage-valued properties).Here we summarise the approaches we have taken in facing up to these problems.

关键词： climate modelling schema standards data interoperability

Powered by standards-new data tools for the climate sciences

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第S1期3卷 85-102页

作者： Andrew Woolf STFC rutherford appleton laboratory e-Science CentreDidcotUK

The ultimate goal of much current research in earth science informatics is to enable more efficient discovery and use of environmental ***-scale efforts are underway at regional and global *** instance the European INSPIRE Directive(2007/2/EC)and international GEOSS initiative will both provide unprecedented catalogues of earth observation and environmental data,with links to online services providing direct access to digital data *** the motivation for these emerging infrastructures is clear(*** global change),it is less obvious how they might be *** will play a major role and considerable effort is currently being devoted to their development by bodies like the International Organisation for Standardisation and the Open Geospatial *** search engines are amongst the most popular websites visited *** the metaphor of a web search portal,we review the potential of new geospatial standards to provide an advanced,userfriendly approach to discovery and use of climate-science data.

关键词： ISO OGC geospatial standards metadata feature types WFS GML

The radial evolution of earthward BBFs during substorm

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1542-1551页

作者： REME H DANDOURAS I LUCEK E DUNLOP M Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements Blackett laboratory Imperial College London rutherford appleton laboratory

We here study the occurrence rate,probability function of velocity and duration of earthward bursty bulk flows(BBFs) in the Inner Plasma Sheet(IPS,β>0.5) using the data of Cluster in 2001 and *** occurrence rate of earthward BBFs increases with distance from the Earth up to ?19 RE,which is in agreement with the previous observations of the radial evolution of *** 54% of earthward BBFs in expansion phase have a velocity larger than 600 km/s,whereas only 38% of earthward BBFs in growth and recovery phases have a velocity larger than 600 km/*** average velocity of earthward BBFs in expansion phase is 732 km/s,larger than those in growth phase(631 km/s) and recovery phase(617 km/s).The durations of earthward BBFs decrease with the decrease of downtail distance from Earth due to the braking of earthward *** duration of earthward BBFs in expansion phase is larger than that in growth and recovery *** average durations in growth,expansion,and recovery phases are respectively 49.3,71.5,and 47.6 ***,the ratios of transports of energy of earthward BBFs in growth,expansion,and recovery phases can be estimated to be 0.51:1:***,the earthward BBFs in the expansion phase have the largest capability of the transport of energy and can produce the largest braking effects,such as inertial currents and auroral activities.

关键词： substorm growth expansion recovery duration energy transport

ADVANCED QUALITY CONCEPTS AND COMPOSITE RELIABILITY THROUGH STATISTICALPROCESS CONTROL

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1997年第3期10卷 263-269页

作者： D. Evans (Cclrc, rutherford appleton laboratory, Chilton, Oxon. OX14 2HQ U.K.) rutherford appleton Lab Oxon United Kingdom

The physical properties of thermosetting resins and resin based composites may be influenced by changes in any one of the mang formulating or process related variables involved in their manufacture. When resins and composite materials are required to perform in aggressive environments, reliable and predicable performance is essential and therefore these materials must be prepared and tested in accorkance with a strictquality plan. This paper outlines the elements of statistical process control (S.P.C.)as it may be applied to non-metallic materials and discusses the concept of Capability Index (Cp).

关键词： physical property composite process control cryogenic application

The W3C Data Catalog Vocabulary,Version 2:Rationale,Design Principles,and Uptake

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Data Intelligence 2024年第2期6卷 457-487页

作者： Riccardo Albertoni David Browning Simon Cox Alejandra N.Gonzalez-Beltran Andrea Perego Peter Winstanley Istituto di Matematica Applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche"Enrico Magenes" Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(IMATI-CNR)GenoaItaly Independent Consultant United Kingdom LandandWater CSiROMelbourneAustralia Scientific Computing Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryScience and Technology Facilities CouncilHarwell Cam-pusOx110QXUnited Kingdom European Parliament Luxembourg Semantic Arts Fort CollinsCO80524USA

DCAT is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the *** its first release in 2014 as a W3C Recommendation,DCAT has seen a wide adoption across communities and domains,particularly in conjunction with implementing the FAIR data principles(forfindable,accessible,interoperable and reusable data).These implementation experiences,besides demonstrating the fitness of DCAT to meet its intended purpose,helped identify existing issues and ***,over the last few years,additional requirements emerged in data catalogs,given the increasing practice of documenting not only datasets but also data services and *** paper illustrates the new version of DCAT,explaining the rationale behind its main revisions and extensions,based on the collected use cases and requirements,and outlines the issues yet to be addressed in future versions of DCAT.

关键词： Data Catalogs Interoperability Discoverability FAIR data

Coordinated Cluster/Double Star observations of dayside flux transfer events on 6 April 2004

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1611-1619页

作者： Malcom W. DUNLOP Space Science and Technology Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Oxfordshire OX 11 0QX UK

With the Double Star Program TC1 in the equatorial orbit and Cluster tetrahedron in the high latitude polar orbit, a conjunct observation of FTEs on the dayside magnetopause (MP) on April 6, 2004 is presented in this study. The FTEs observed by TC1 at low latitudes are characterized to be generated in the subsolar region and the obtained flux tube axes orientate along the predicted low latitude component magnetic reconnection X-line, indicating that these FTEs were more likely to be generated through multiple X-line reconnection or single X-line bursty reconnec-tion. During the same period, Cluster also encountered a series of magnetosheath FTEs with their axes pointing roughly along the interplanetary magnetic field. At last, the global FTE configuration is obtained from observations in different loca-tions, which is in good agreement with the "elbow shape" model.

关键词： magnetopause magnetic reconnection FTEs generation mechanism global configuration

Genomic divergence and mutation load in the Begonia masoniana complex from limestone karsts

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 575-584页

作者： Yiqing Chen Lina Dong Huiqin Yi Catherine Kidner Ming Kang Key laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China Guangzhou 510650China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangxi Key laboratory of Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain Guangxi Institute of BotanyGuangxi Zhang Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences University of EdinburghDaniel Rutherford Building Max Born CrescentThe King's BuildingsEdinburgh EH93BFUK Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20a Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK State Key laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

Understanding genome-wide diversity,inbreeding,and the burden of accumulated deleterious mutations in small and isolated populations is essential for predicting and enhancing population persistence and ***,these effects are rarely studied in limestone karst ***,we re-sequenced the nuclear genomes of 62 individuals of the Begonia masoniana complex(***,***,*** and ***)and investigated genomic divergence and genetic load for these four *** analyses revealed four distinct clusters corresponding to each species within the ***,there was only limited admixture between *** and *** occurring in overlapping geographic *** species experienced historical bottlenecks during the Pleistocene,which were likely caused by glacial climate *** detected an asymmetric historical gene flow between group pairs within this timeframe,highlighting a distinctive pattern of interspecific divergence attributable to karst geographic *** found that isolated populations of *** have limited gene flow,the smallest recent population size,the highest inbreeding coefficients,and the greatest accumulation of recessive deleterious *** findings underscore the urgency to prioritize conservation efforts for these isolated *** study is among the first to disentangle the genetic differentiation and specific demographic history of karst Begonia plants at the whole-genome level,shedding light on the potential risks associated with the accumulation of deleterious mutations over generations of ***,our findings may facilitate conservation planning by providing critical baseline genetic data and a better understanding of the historical events that have shaped current population structure of rare and endangered karst plants.

关键词： Conservation genomics Karst landscape Demographic history Inbreeding Isolated populations Mutation load