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Large contributions of emission reductions and meteorological conditions to the abatement of PM_(2.5)in Beijing during the 24th Winter Olympic Games in 2022

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 172-188页

作者： Yaping Jiang Shaocai Yu Xue Chen Yibo Zhang Mengying Li Zhen Li Zhe Song Pengfei Li Xiaoye Zhang Eric Lichtfouse Daniel Rosenfeld Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationResearch Center for Air Pollution and HealthCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Aix-Marseille Univ CNRSColl FranceCNRSIRDINRAEEuropole Mediterraneen de l’ArboisAvenue Louis Philibert13100 Aix en ProvenceFrance Xi’an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an 710049China Institute of Earth Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

To guarantee the blue skies for the 2022 Winter Olympics held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou from February 4 to 20,Beijing and its surrounding areas adopted a series of emission control *** provides an opportunity to determine the impacts of large-scale temporary control measures on the air quality in Beijing during this special ***,we applied the WRF-CMAQ model to quantify the contributions of emission reduction measures and meteorological *** show that meteorological conditions in 2022 decreased PM_(2.5)in Beijing by 6.9 and 11.8μg/m^(3)relative to 2021 under the scenarios with and without emission reductions,*** emission reduction measures implemented in Beijing and seven neighboring provinces resulted in an average decrease of 13.0μg/m^(3)(-41.2%)in PM_(2.5)in *** the entire period,local emission reductions contributed more to good air quality in Beijing than nonlocal emission *** the emission reduction scenario,local,controlled regions,other regions,and boundary conditions contributed 47.7%,42.0%,5.3%,and 5.0%to the PM_(2.5)concentrations in Beijing,*** results indicate that during the cleaning period with the air masses from the northwest,the abatements of PM_(2.5)were mainly caused by local emission ***,during the potential pollution period with the air masses from the east-northeast and west-southwest,the abatements of PM_(2.5)were caused by both local and nonlocal emission reductions almost *** implies that regional coordinated prevention and control strategies need to be arranged scientifically and rationally when heavy pollution events are forecasted.

关键词： PM_(2.5) WRF-CMAQ Meteorological conditions Emission reductions Winter Olympic games

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The Therapeutic Effects of Baicalein on the Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in the Rat Model of Chronic Common Bile Duct Ligation

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第5期12卷 496-504页

作者： Ziyang Zeng Yuhao Lei Chunyong Yang Xianfeng Wu Liang Zhang Zhiyong Yang Lin Chen Xiaobo Wang Karine Belguise Yujie Li Bin Yi Department of Anesthesiology Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Anesthesiology Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalChongqingChina MCD Center de Biologie IntégrativeUniversitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouseFrance

Background and Aims:Hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS)is characterized by arterial oxygenation defects due to pulmonary vascular dilation in liver *** date,liver transplantation remains the only effective treatment for *** study aimed to explore the preventative role of baicalein in HPS ***:Sixty male rats were randomly assigned to three groups:sham,common bile duct ligation(CBDL),and baicalein,receiving intraperitoneal injections of baicalein(40 mg·kg􀃭1·d􀃭1,diluted in saline)for 21 *** rate,liver and kidney function,and bile acid metabolism levels were *** and lung angiogenesis and hepatic glycogen staining were assessed,and the expression of relevant proteins was evaluated by ***:Baicalein improved survival rates and hypoxemia in rats post-CBDL,reducing angiogenic protein levels and enhancing glucose *** to the untreated group,baicalein suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor,placental growth factors,matrix metalloprotease 9 and C-X-C motif chemokine 2,and it increased the expression of glycemic regulatory proteins,including dipeptidyl peptidase-4,sirtuin 1,peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma co-activator 1􀄮,and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase ***:Baicalein significantly improves hepatic function and hypoxia in HPS rats by attenuating pathological angiogenesis in the liver and lungs,showing promise as a treatment for HPS.

关键词： Baicalein Hepatopulmonary syndrome Common bile duct ligation Angiogenesis Glucose metabolism Liver fibrosis Glycolysis

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Rubik's cube as in-situ programmable matter and a reconfigurable mechanical metamaterial

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3221-3234页

作者： ZHU ShaoWei CHEN Huan YANG XiaoQiang TAN Li JIN Shuai CHEN LiMing LIU Tao TAN XiaoJun WANG LianChao WANG Bing MUAMER Kadic College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing University State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing University School of Civil Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology Institut FEMTO-ST CNRS UMR 6174University Bourgogne

As part of the 4th industrial revolution, programmable mechanical metamaterials exhibit great application potential in flexible robotics, vibration control, and impact protection. However, maintaining a programmed state without sustaining the external stimulus is often challenging and leads to additional energy consumption. Inspired by Rubik's cube, we design and study an insitu programmable and distribution-reconfigurable mechanical metamaterial(IPDR-MM). A matrix model is developed to model IPDR-MMs and describe their morphological transitions. Based on this model, the reinforcement learning method is employed to find the pathways for morphological transitions. We find that IPDR-MMs have controllable stiffness across several orders of magnitude and a wide range of adjustable anisotropies through morphology transformation. Additionally, because of the independence of the directions of morphology transformation and bearing, IPDR-MMs exhibit good stability in bearing and can readily achieve high stiffness. The Rubik's cube-inspired design concept is also instructive for other deformable structures and metamaterials, and the current version of the proposal should be sufficiently illustrative to attract and broaden interdisciplinary interests.

关键词： mechanical metamaterials in-situprogrammable distribution-reconfigurable Rubik's cube controllable stiffness and anisotropy

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How Marie Sklodowska-Curie Doctoral Networks Can Support European Refractory Ecosystem in Context of The European Green Deal

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China's Refractories 2024年第2期33卷 1-9页

作者： Marc HUGER Glyn DERRICK Mossaab MOUIYA Andrea SALERNO Kwasi Addo BOATENG Hrikeshava RANGANATHAN Amit Kumar GOPE Institute of Research for Ceramics(IRCER-UMR cnrs 7315) University of LimogesLimoges 87000France

The movement of the Iron&Steelmaking(I&S)industry towards Net-Zero emissions and digitalized processes through disruptive,breakthrough technologies will be achieved through the use of *** biggest challenge for the refractory industry is to continue to meet the performance expectations while,at the same time,moving to a more sustainable production *** complexity and urgency of these technological changes,highlighted by the European Green Deal,requires ambitious,international,interdisciplinary and intersectoral projects,bringing together institutes from across the global value chain,to carry out cutting edge *** European Union,through its flagship doctoral training program,MSCA,has,and continues to support research and development as well as the promotion of the refractory industry in *** introduction to two MSCA projects and some of the results achieved are highlighted within this article.

关键词： FIRE network Horizon 2020 Horizon Europe Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Doctoral networks European Green Deal

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Machine learning and Bayesian optimization for performance prediction of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 98-112页

作者： Soufian Echabarri Phuc Do Hai-Canh Vu Bastien Bornand Universitéde Lorraine CNRSCRANF-54000 NancyFrance Universitéde Technologie de Compiègne(UTC) CS 60319CEDEX60203 CompiègneFrance Energy Designer and IT EODevIssy-Les-Moulineaux92130Paris RegionFrance

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are critical components of zero-emission electro-hydrogen generators. Accurate performance prediction is vital to the optimal operation management and preventive maintenance of these generators. Polarization curve remains one of the most important features representing the performance of PEMFCs in terms of efficiency and durability. However, predicting the polarization curve is not trivial as PEMFCs involve complex electrochemical reactions that feature multiple nonlinear relationships between the operating variables as inputs and the voltage as outputs. Herein, we present an artificial-intelligence-based approach for predicting the PEMFCs’ performance. In that way, we propose first an explainable solution for selecting the relevant features based on kernel principal component analysis and mutual information. Then, we develop a machine learning approach based on XGBRegressor and Bayesian optimization to explore the complex features and predict the PEMFCs’ performance. The performance and the robustness of the proposed machine learning based prediction approach is tested and validated through a real industrial dataset including 10 PEMFCs. Furthermore, several comparison studies with XGBRegressor and the two popular machine learning-based methods in predicting PEMFC performance, such as artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine regressor (SVR) are also conducted. The obtained results show that the proposed approach is more robust and outperforms the two conventional methods and the XGBRegressor for all the considered PEMFCs. Indeed, according to the coefficient of determination criterion, the proposed model gains an improvement of 6.35%, 6.8%, and 4.8% compared with ANN, SVR, and XGBRegressor respectively.

关键词： Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell Hydrogen Machine learning XGBRegressor Tree-structured Parzen estimator Polarization curve Performance predicti on

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Development of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapies through receptor engineering

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 315-331页

作者： Audrey Page Nicolas Chuvin Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond Stéphane Depil Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon UMR INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance ErVimmune LyonFrance Centre Léon Bérard LyonFrance UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1 LyonFrance

Natural killer(NK)cell-based immunotherapies are attracting increasing interest in the field of cancer *** clinical trials have shown promising outcomes,alongside satisfactory product efficacy and *** developments have greatly increased the therapeutic potential of NK cells by endowing them with enhanced recognition and cytotoxic *** review focuses on surface receptor engineering in NK cell therapy and discusses its impact,challenges,and future *** approaches are based on engineering with chimeric antigen receptors to allow NK cells to target specific tumor antigens independent of human leukocyte antigen *** approach has increased the precision and potency of NK-mediated recognition and elimination of cancer *** addition,engineering NK cells with T-cell receptors also mediates the recognition of intracellular epitopes,which broadens the range of target *** tumor peptide recognition by NK cells has also been improved by optimizing immunoglobulin constant fragment receptor expression and ***,engineered NK cells have an improved ability to recognize and destroy target cells coated with specific antibodies,thereby increasing their antibodydependent cellular *** ability of NK cell receptor engineering to promote the expansion,persistence,and infiltration of transferred cells in the tumor microenvironment has also been ***-based strategies for sustained NK cell functionality within the tumor environment have also been discussed,and these strategies providing perspectives to counteract tumor-induced ***,receptor engineering has led to significant advances in NK cell-based cancer *** technical challenges are addressed,these innovative treatments will likely reshape cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： NK cells Cell therapy Receptor engineering CAR

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Output feedback adaptive super twisting sliding mode control for quadrotor UAVs

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 92-105页

作者： Oscar Salas-Peña Jesus DeLeón-Morales Susana V.Gutiérrez-Martínez École Centrale de Nantes-LS2N UMR 6004 CNRS44300NantesFrance Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León66451San Nicolás de Los GarzaMexico

In this paper, a sliding mode control with adaptive gain combined with a high-order sliding mode observer to solve the tracking problem for a quadrotor UAV is addressed, in presence of bounded external disturbances and parametric uncertainties. The high order sliding mode observer is designed for estimating the linear and angular speed in order to implement the proposed scheme. Furthermore, a Lyapunov function is introduced to design the controller with the adaptation law, whereas an analysis of finite time convergence towards to zero is provided, where sufficient conditions are obtained. Regarding previous works from literature, one important advantage of proposed strategy is that the gains of control are parameterized in terms of only one adaptive parameter, which reduces the control effort by avoiding gain overestimation. Numerical simulations for tracking control of the quadrotor are given to show the performance of proposed adaptive control–observer scheme.

关键词： Adaptive super twisting controller High-order sliding modes observer UAV

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Respiratory protein-driven selectivity during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 122-128页

作者： Haijun Song Yuyang Wu Xu Dai Jacopo Dal Corso Fengyu Wang Yan Feng Daoliang Chu Li Tian Huyue Song William JFoster State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Biogéosciences UMR 6282CNRSUniversitéde Bourgogne21000 DijonFrance Universitat Hamburg Institute for Geology20148 HamburgGermany

Extinction selectivity determines the direction of macroevolution,especially during mass extinction;however,its driving mechanisms remain poorly *** investigating the physiological selectivity of marine animals during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction,we found that marine clades with lower O2-carrying capacity hemerythrin proteins and those relying on O2 diffusion experienced significantly greater extinction intensity and body-size reduction than those with higher O2-carrying capacity hemoglobin or hemocyanin *** findings suggest that animals with high O2-carrying capacity obtained the necessary O2 even under hypoxia and compensated for the increased energy requirements caused by ocean acidification,which enabled their survival during the Permian-Triassic mass ***,high O2-carrying capacity may have been crucial for the transition from the Paleozoic to the Modern Evolutionary Fauna.

关键词： extinction selectivity finding

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Micromechanism and mathematical model of stress sensitivity in tight reservoirs of binary granular medium

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1780-1795页

作者： Jian-Bang Wu Sheng-Lai Yang Qiang Li Kun Yang Can Huang Dao-Ping Lv Wei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing2249China Laboratoire de G eologie Ecole Normale Sup erieure/CNRS UMR8538PSL Research UniversityParis75005France Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay834000XinjiangChina

Research on reservoir rock stress sensitivity has traditionally focused on unary granular structures,neglecting the binary nature of real reservoirs,especially tight *** the stresssensitive behavior and mathematical characterization of binary granular media remains a challenging *** this study,we conducted online-NMR experiments to investigate the permeability and porosity evolution as well as stress-sensitive control mechanisms in tight sandy conglomerate *** results revealed stress sensitivity coefficients between 0.042 and 0.098 and permeability damage rates ranging from 65.6%to 90.9%,with an average pore compression coefficient of 0.0168—0.0208 MPa ***-scale compression occurred in three stages:filling,compression,and compaction,with matrix pores playing a dominant role in pore *** stress sensitivity of binary granular media was found to be influenced by the support structure and particle *** stress sensitivity was associated with small fine particle size,high fines content,high uniformity coefficient of particle size,high plastic deformation,and low Young's ***-supported samples exhibited a high irreversible permeability damage rate(average=74.2%)and stress sensitivity coefficients(average=0.089),with pore spaces more *** contrast,grain-supported samples showed low stress sensitivity coefficients(average=0.021)at high stress *** on the experiments,we developed a mathematical model for stress sensitivity in binary granular media,considering binary granular properties and nested interactions using Hertz contact deformation and Poiseuille *** describing the change in activity content of fines under stress,we characterized the non-stationary state of compressive deformation in the binary granular structure and classified the reservoir into three *** model was applied for production prediction using actual data from the Mahu reservoir in China,showing that the e

关键词： Stress sensitivity Binary granular medium Tight reservoir Online-NMR Reservoir energy retention rate

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Deterministic and probabilistic analysis of great-depth braced excavations:A 32 m excavation case study in Paris

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1505-1521页

作者： Tingting Zhang Julien Baroth Daniel Dias Khadija Nejjar Université Grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INP3SRGrenoble38000France Antea Group Antony92160France School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei23009China Terrasol 42-52 Quai de la RapéeParis75012France

The Fort d’Issy-Vanves-Clamart(FIVC)braced excavation in France is analyzed to provide insights into the geotechnical serviceability assessment of excavations at great depth within deterministic and probabilistic *** FIVC excavation is excavated at 32 m below the ground surface in Parisian sedimentary basin and a plane-strain finite element analysis is implemented to examine the wall deflections and ground surface settlements.A stochastic finite element method based on the polynomial chaos Kriging metamodel(MSFEM)is then proposed for the probabilistic *** with field measurements and former studies are carried *** academic cases are then conducted to investigate the great-depth excavation stability regarding the maximum horizontal wall deflection and maximum ground surface *** results indicate that the proposed MSFEM is effective for probabilistic analyses and can provide useful insights for the excavation design and construction.A sensitivity analysis for seven considered random parameters is then *** soil friction angle at the excavation bottom layer is the most significant one for *** soil-wall interaction effects on the excavation stability are also given.

关键词： Braced deep excavation Soil-wall interaction Stochastic finite element method Horizontal wall deflection Settlement Failure probability

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