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Predicting chemical speciation of metals in soil using Visual Minteq

Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第3期5卷 53-60页

作者： Sana Khalid Muhammad Shahid Zeid A.ALOthman Abdullah A.Al-Kahtani Behzad Murtaza Camille Dumat Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadVehari 61100Pakistan Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia DYNAFOR INRAE&Toulouse INP France certop cnrs-ut2j-ups France

From soil contamination and risk assessment perspectives,it is imperative to understand the ecological processes occurring in *** soil processes greatly affect chemical speciation of potentially toxic metals(PTMs),and thus also influence their biogeochemical *** current study analyzed chemical speciation of eight PTMs(Cd,Cr,Fe,Cu,Mn,Ni,Zn,and Pb)in upper and lower soil layers for 15 agronomic fields of Vehari-Pakistan using Visual Minteq *** divalent forms of most PTMs(PTM^(2+))generally predominated in both soil layers(79.9%overall occurrence).However,chromium revealed a different pattern of chemical speciation(95.8%as CrOH^(+))compared to other *** mean percentage of all the PTMs2+was slightly higher for the lower soil layer(81.3%)than in the upper layer(78.4%),the trend being same for all the PTMs,except *** higher PTMs^(2+)percentage in lower soil layers than upper layers was due to lower content of organic matter and other anions such as Cl^(−)and HCO_(3)_(−).The mean percentage ages of all the PTMs^(2+)was similar among all the 15 agronomic fields,which was confirmed by strong Pearson correlation values(R^(2)>0.95).The PCA graph grouped all the agronomic fields and PTM^(2+) closely,except Cr^(2+) and Cu^(2+).This grouping confirmed the similar chemical speciation of PTMs,except Cu and Cr in studied fields.

关键词： heavy metals free ionic forms agricultural soils multivariate analysis PCA

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Kinetic study of phytotoxicity induced by foliar lead uptake for vegetables exposed to fine particles and implications for sustainable urban agriculture

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 16-27页

作者： TianTian Xiong Annabelle Austruy Antoine Pierart Muhammad Shahid Eva Schreck Stéphane Mombo Camille Dumat Université de Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (INP-ENSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut Ecocitoyen Centre de Vie la Fossette RD 268 Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET) Observatoire Midi Pyrénées Université de Toulouse Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (certop) UMR5044 Universite J. Jaurès - Toulouse II

At the global scale, foliar metal transfer occurs for consumed vegetables cultivated in numerous urban or industrial areas with a polluted atmosphere. However, the kinetics of metal uptake, translocation and involved phytotoxicity was never jointly studied with vegetables exposed to micronic and sub-micronic particles（PM）. Different leafy vegetables（lettuces and cabbages） cultivated in RHIZOtest？ devices were, therefore, exposed in a greenhouse for 5, 10 and 15 days to various Pb O PM doses. The kinetics of transfer and phytotoxicity was assessed in relation to lead concentration and exposure duration. A significant Pb accumulation in leaves（up to 7392 mg/kg dry weight（DW） in lettuce） with translocation to roots was observed. Lead foliar exposure resulted in significant phytotoxicity, lipid composition change, a decrease of plant shoot growth（up to 68.2% in lettuce） and net photosynthesis（up to 58% in lettuce）. The phytotoxicity results indicated plant adaptation to Pb and a higher sensitivity of lettuce in comparison with cabbage. Air quality needs, therefore, to be considered for the health and quality of vegetables grown in polluted areas, such as certain megacities（in China, Pakistan, Europe, etc.） and furthermore, to assess the health risks associated with their consumption.

关键词： Metallic particles Vegetables Foliar uptake Transfer kinetics and phytotoxicity

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Communication Mediated through Natural Language Generation in Big Data Environments: The Case of Nomao

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journal of Computer and Communications 2017年第6期5卷 125-148页

作者： jean-Sébastien Vayre Estelle Delpech Aude Dufresne Céline Lemercier certop (UMR-5044) University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès Toulouse France Human Factors Airbus Blagnac France LRCM University of Montréal Montréal Québec CLLE (UMR-5263) University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès Toulouse France

Along with the development of big data, various Natural Language Generation systems (NLGs) have recently been developed by different companies. The aim of this paper is to propose a better understanding of how these systems are designed and used. We propose to study in details one of them which is the NLGs developed by the company Nomao. First, we show the development of this NLGs underlies strong economic stakes since the business model of Nomao partly depends on it. Then, thanks to an eye movement analysis conducted with 28 participants, we show that the texts generated by Nomao’s NLGs contain syntactic and semantic structures that are easy to read but lack socio-semantic coherence which would improve their understanding. From a scientific perspective, our research results highlight the importance of socio-semantic coherence in text-based communication produced by NLGs.

关键词： Big Data Natural Language Generation Socio-Semantic Coherence Cognitive Load Reading Eye Tracking

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法国寻求卓越地方治理行动的特点和问题

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社会治理 2016年第4期 144-152页

作者：樊尚·西穆兰朱红文赵炜法国图卢兹第二大学法国图卢兹第二大学工作、组织和政策研究中心certop 北京师范大学中国社会管理研究院/社会学院

治理的概念在公共行动领域获得了巨大的成功,现在成了决策和协调过程的一个常用的框架。这一概念的成功,在整个世界是第一次,一个概念设法进入到了社会的每一个领域。我们现在面临着一个新的阶段,治理的过程和逻辑的影响在不断增长。在... 详细信息

治理的概念在公共行动领域获得了巨大的成功,现在成了决策和协调过程的一个常用的框架。这一概念的成功,在整个世界是第一次,一个概念设法进入到了社会的每一个领域。我们现在面临着一个新的阶段,治理的过程和逻辑的影响在不断增长。在法国,也像许多其他国家一样,地方治理中对卓越的追求,迫使国家主管部门进行广泛的招标。本文深入分析了这项改革的效果,研究显示,虽然没有达到预期的所有目标,但是,这一改革仍然产生了相当大的影响。改革使得地方主管部门致力于追求卓越,改变了相邻地区之间的关系,同时也使得国家要对它的政策和目标进行解释变得困难起来。

关键词：治理法国地方公共政策国家地方政府

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