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Software Process in Geant4

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 469-472页

作者： GabrieleCosmo cern GenevaSwitzerland

Since its erliest years of R&D [1],the GEANT4 simulation toolkit has been developed following software process standards which dictated the overall evolution of the *** complexity of the software involved,the wide areas of application of the software product,the huge amount of code and Category complexity,the size and distributed nature of the Collaboration itself are all ingredients which involve and correlate together a wide variety of software *** in "production" and available to the public since December 1998,the GEANT4 software product [1] includes Category Domains which are still under active *** they require different treatment also in terms of improvement of the development cycle,system,testing and user support,This article is meant to describe some of the software processes as they are applied in GEANT4 for both development,testing and maintenance of the software.

关键词： GEANT4 软件处理软件开发

Technology Integration in the LHC EXperiments Joint Controls Project

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 121-124页

作者： R.Barillere M.Beharrell 等 cern，Geneva Switzerland

The development and maintenance of the control systems of the four LHC experiments will require a non-negligible amount of resources and *** Joint Controls Project(JCOP)[1] has been set-up as a collaboration between cern and the four LHC experiments to find common solutions for the LHC experiments' control *** the JCOP general principle is to promote the use of industrial ssoluitions wherever possible,custom solutions are still required when non-standard devices or very large numbers of devices have to be *** ease the development and integration of both standard and non-standard devices into the control system a number of software Frameworks are under *** paper will describe the various solutions being proposed by JCOP including the Supervisory and Front-End frameworks as well as the various industrial and custom *** addition,It will also describe where these fit into the foreseen JCOP controls *** paper will then highlight in more detail the Front-End Framework.

关键词： LHC实验技术综合计算机控制

The coupled effect of light and temperature on dormancy release and germination of Pinus koraiensis seeds

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1135-1144页

作者： Min Zhang Jiaojun Zhu Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Qingyuan Forest cern Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China

Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of environmental factors on seed dormancy and germination will provide guidance for tree *** understanding the coupled effect of light and temperature on dormancy release and germination of Pinus koraiensis seeds,we set up three light conditions(L200:200μmol m^(-2) s^(-1),L20:20μmol m^(-2) s^(-1),L0:0μm^(-2) s^(-1))and four storage temperatures[T-5:-5°C(50 days),T5:-5°C(50 days)+5°C(50 days),T25:-5°C(50 days)+5°C(50 days)+25°C(50 days),T15:-5°C(50 days)+5°C(50 days)+25°C(50 days)+15°C(50 days)]using imbibed seeds,then quantified phytohormones gibberellic acid(GA_(3))and abscisic acid(ABA)during the *** percentage(G_(P)),mean germination time(T_(M)),and germination value(G_(V))under 25/15°C temperature and the three light conditions were then *** levels and germination performances were significantly affected by light and *** consistent trend was found between the phytohormone levels and G_(P) caused by light *** the three light conditions,ABA concentrations in the embryo and endosperm decreased as storage temperature shifted from T-5 to T25 and increased from T25 to T15;GA_(3) decreased in nearly all four storage temperatures.G_(P) reached 40–60%in T25 storage without light *** the three light conditions,G_(P) and G_(V) were higher at T5 and T25 than at T-5 and T15;so T5 and T25 are considered as optimum storage temperatures for dormancy release and *** optimum temperatures,light(L200,L20)significantly increased the G_(P) and G_(V) compared with the dark(L0).At L200 and L20,significant negative correlations between G_(V) and the ABA concentrations and positive correlations between G_(V) and GA/ABA in the seed embryo were *** played a more important role in primary dormancy release and germination;light was unnecessary for primary dormancy *** facilitated seed germination at optimum *** dormancy

关键词： Seed germination Gibberellic acid Abscisic acid Germination percentage Cold stratification Primary dormancy

Distributed Parallel Interactive Data Analysis Using the Proof System

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 704-707页

作者： ReneBrun FonsRademakers cern，Geneva Switzerland

The only way Terabytes of data can be processed and analyzed in a reasonable time is by using parallel processing *** Paralle ROOT Facility,PROOF,is s system for the parallel interactive analysis of such datasets on clusters of heterogeneous *** prototypes have confirmed the validity of the basic PROOF architecture However,some important work still has to be done before PROOF can be used as a production *** basic architecture and the planned developments are described in this paper.

关键词：数据处理数据分析并行ROOT设置

Anaphe—OO Libraries and Tools for Data Analysis

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 219-222页

作者： O.Couet B.Ferrero－Merlino 等 cern，Geneva Switzerland

The Anaple project is an ongoing effort to provide an Object Oriented software environment for data analysis in HENP experiments,A range of commercial and public domain libraries is used to cover basic functionalities;on top of these libraries a set of HENP-sepcific C++ class libraries for histogram management fitting,plotting and ntuple-like data analysis has been developed .In order to comply with the user requireements for a command-line driven tool,we have chosen to use a scripting language(Python)as the fromt-ent for a data analysis *** loose coupling provided by the consequent use of (AIDA compliant)Abstract Interfaces for each component in combination with the use of shared libraries for their implementation provies an easy integration of existing libraries into modern scipting languages thus allowing for rapid application *** integration is simplified even further suing a specialised toolkit(SWIG)to create" shadow Classes"for the Python language,which map the definitions of the Abstract Interfaces almost at a one-to-one *** paper will give an overview of the architecture and design choices and will present the current status and future developments of the project.

关键词： HENP实验 OO图书馆数据库数据分析工具目标取向

Determination of the Refraction Coefficient and Its Uncertainty by Using Modern Hydrostatic Levelling Systems

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第7期15卷 382-392页

作者： Konstantinos Nikolitsas cern 1211 Geneva 23Switzerland

In spite of the technological development of the last decades in the field of the geodetic instruments,some parameters,which affect their performance,are difficult to be *** of these parameters is the geodetic *** refraction describes the alteration in the direction of the light curve as it propagates through the different layers of the lower part of the Earth’s *** purpose of this research work is to investigate the uncertainty of the refraction coefficient of a new proposed *** methodology is based on:(a)the exploitation of the full trigonometric height equation,(b)the ability of the Hydrostatic Levelling System(HLS)to provide height differences with±10μm *** experimental application has been set up in a section of the underground tunnel complex at the European Organization for Nuclear *** this indoor application,the determination of the refraction coefficient at a Laser Tracker station using the precise height differences provided by an HLS has been *** addition,this methodology has been tested by comparing its results with those that have been obtained from the Temperature Gradient(TG)method for the determination of the refraction *** results are very encouraging for the efficiency of the *** the same time,some limitations on the implementation of the proposed methodology have been highlighted.

关键词： HLS laser tracker refraction coefficient TG

Object Persistency for HEP Data Using an Object—Relational Database

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 272-275页

作者： MarcinNowak DirkDuellmann 等 cern，ITDatabaseGroup GenevaSwitzerland

We present an initial study of the object features of Oracle 9i-the first of the market-leading object-relational database systems that supports a true object model on the server side as well as an ODMG-style C++ language binding on the client *** discuss how these features can be used to provide persistent object storage in the HEP environment.

关键词：目标相关数据库 C++语言高能物理数据

Putting It All Together：Experience and Challenges at the DELPHI off—line Processing Farm

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 530-533页

作者： Jean－DamienDURAND RyszardGOKIELI 等 cern，Geneva Switzerland OnleavefromInstituteforNuclearStudies WarsawPoland

After over 10 years of existence,DELPHI off-line software counts altogether over 1500k *** written by multitude of authorsk,many of them having already left,it is very incoherent and extremely difficult to maintain:it is written in Fortran,it relies on obsolete tools and it has to run in a distributed multi-os computing *** the analysis of LEP data will continue during the next 5-6 years,this code will have to be used and be ported to yet another *** order to ensure high efficiency in use of our resources,we have developed several tools which hide from the user most of the intricaices of the operating system,batch system and data *** tools are well integrated and easy to *** the problems are quite typical for the High Energy Physics software,we believe that the ideas we have implemented can be useful also for the next generation of experiments.

关键词： DELPHI实验软件开发 Farm

Status of the GAUDI Event—Processing Framework

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 209-212页

作者： M.Cattaneo I.melyaey 等 EuropeanLaboratoryforParticlePhysics（cern） GenevaSwiterland InstituteforTheoreticalandExperimentalPh

The GAuDI architecture and framework are designed to provide a comon infrastructure and environment for simulation,filtering,reconstruction and analysis *** developed for the LHCb experiment,GAUDI has been adopted and extended by the ATLAS experiment and adopted by several other experiments including GLAST and *** describe the properties and concepts embodied by GAUDI and recent functionality additions and how the project has evolved from a product developed by a tightly-knit team in a single site,to a collaboration between multiple teams at geographically dispersed sites,based loosely on open source *** describe the management infrastructure as well as how we accommodate experment -specific extensions and adaptations as well as an experiment-neutral kernel.

关键词： GAUDI事件处理目标取向数据库结构