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Study of the Management and Disposal Practices of Unused or Out-of-Date Medicines by Households in the Municipality of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 291-302页

作者： Daniel Dori Adama Guembré Kampadilemba Ouoba Nicolas Méda Rasmané Semdé Drug Development Laboratory African Center of Excellence for Training Research and Expertise in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEA-CFOREM) Sciences and Health Doctoral School Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Charles De Gaulle University Children's Hospital (CHUP-cdg) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Agency for Pharmaceutical Regulation (ANRP) Ministry of Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Health Doctoral School Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Not all medicines that pass-through consumers’ hands are used, and some often expire in households. These health products can be sources of accidental risks and pollution when they are not properly disposed of. In Burkina Faso, there are as yet no guidelines for the disposal of unused medicines in households. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent of household possession of unused or expired medicines, and to describe attitudes and disposal practices. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study covering households in the Ouagadougou commune conducted from June to August 2021. Two-stage stratified sampling was used: selection of Enumeration Zones (EZs) and selection of households, with each EZ comprising several households. Data collection was based on direct interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data were processed using Epi Info software version 7.***.4.0. Results: In total, 417 household residents were surveyed out of the planned 423 households, corresponding to a completion rate of 98.58% compared with the initial sample. Among the respondents, 79.62% had unused and/or expired medicines in their household. A total of 2562 drug packaging units were counted, for a total weight of 121.90 kg. Nearly 75% were aware that improper disposal was a danger to the environment. Some respondents kept their unused medicines at home until they expired (43.41%), and disposed of them mainly by throwing them in the household garbage (75.58%). The majority (79%) were in favor of the government setting up a take-back program for these medicines. Conclusion: The introduction of a take-back program for unused or out-of-date medicines will ensure safer disposal of medicines, and better protection for households and the environment.

关键词： Unused Medicines Expired Medicines Disposal Household Risk

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Study of Harmful Vaginal Practices of Women in the Municipality of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 425-438页

作者： Daniel Dori Ramata Porgo Hyacinthe Zamané Nicolas Méda Rasmané Semdé Drug Development Laboratory African Center of Excellence for Training Research and Expertise in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEA-CFOREM) Sciences and Health Doctoral School Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Charles De Gaulle University Children’ s Hospital (CHUP-CDG) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Health Doctoral School Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Mother and Child Laboratory Sciences and Health Doctoral School Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Vaginal practices include washing, altering, cutting, cleaning, enhancing, drying, tightening, lubricating, or loosening of the vagina, labia, clitoris, or hymen. This study aimed to investigate the different vaginal practices of women using non-pharmaceutical products. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical purposes that took place from January 15 to April 23, 2023, in the four largest markets in the municipality of Ouagadougou. This was performed using the data collection sheet in the KoboCollect application. Epi info 7.***.5.0. software was used for data analysis. For the analysis of associated factors, a p-value Results: In total, 977 women were surveyed. Among them, 43.19% underwent vaginal procedures using non-pharmaceutical products. The female practitioners were 34.34 ± 7.44 years old. The products used included plants, mineral substances, ointments, tablets, and solutions. Among the practicing women, 40.99% were looking for vaginal tightening. The main purpose was to maintain their partners (45.97%). Three-point thirty-two percent (3.32%) of the women who underwent vaginal procedures had reported adverse events. Conclusion: Raising awareness of the consequences of vaginal practices and encouraging women to go to a health center for any gynecological problem could significantly reduce the prevalence of vaginal practices.

关键词： Vaginal Practices Women Adverse Events Products

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Systemic humoral responses of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer during BCG treatment: less is more

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2017年第1期3卷 116-126页

作者： Fernando M.Calais da Silva Paula A.Videira Dário Ligeiro Maria Guadalupe Cabral Richard Sylvester Fernando E.Calais da Silva Hélder Trindade Grupo Português Génito-Urinário Hospital São José1050-059 LisboaPortugal UCIBIO Departamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas CEDOCNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de Lisboa1169-056 LisbonPortugal cdg&allies Professionals and Patient Associations International Network(CDG&Allies-PPAIN)Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal Centro de Sangue e Transplantação de Lisboa IPSTIP.1749-005 LisboaPortugal EAU Guidelines Office 241040 BrusselsBelgium

Aim:Intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin(BCG)is the mainstay adjuvant treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder ***,one third of the patients on BCG regimen relapse within the first year of *** study aimed at identifying biomarkers to predict response to BCG ***:Gene expression was analyzed in blood cells of 58 patients treated with BCG through six consecutive weekly instillations and then at month 3,6,9,and *** tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-10,interferon(IFN)-γ,IL-1β,IL-2,IL-4,and IL-6;chemokines CCL2,CCL3,CCL8,CXCL9,and IP-10;and mediators of cytotoxicity CTLA4,Fas-L,Perf,GNLY,NOS2A,and HMOX-1 were analyzed before the 1st and the 6th week instillation and 24 h after to assess fast(within 24 h)and prolonged changes resulting from ***:BCG instillation led to fast-increased expression of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-10 *** compared to relapsing patients,patients with no relapses within one year showed significantly lower expression of IL-1βat 1st week and less IFN-γ,HMOX-1,and GNLY at week ***-1 and GNLY were independent predictive biomarkers,and values above the cut-off≥110 and≥13.0‰mRNA,respectively,were considered prejudicial *** with two HMOX-1 and GNLY factors had highest(66.7%)relapsing ***:Assessing immunomodulators’expression in blood allows the establishment of predictive cut-off values and identification of probabilities for patients’relapses after BCG treatment.

关键词： Bladder cancer Bacille Calmette-Guérin immunomodulatory molecules multivariate analysis

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A new species of smooth skink (Squamata： Scincidae： Scincella) from Cambodia

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Zoological Research 2018年第3期39卷 220-240页

作者： Thy Neang Somaly Chan Nikolay A. Poyarkov, Jr. Wild Earth allies Sk. Phnom Penh Thmei Kh. Sen Sok Phnom Penh Cambodia Ministry of Environment Sk. Tonle Bassac Kh. Chamkarmorn Phnom Penh Cambodia Department of Vertebrate Zoology Biological Faculty Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119234 Russia Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Centre Nghia Do Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam

Based on morphological and genetic evidence we evaluated the taxonomic status of a newly discovered forest-dwelling population of skink （genus Scincella） from the Keo Selma Wildlife Sanctuary, Mondulkiri Province, Cambodia. From phylogenetic analysis of a 668-bp fragment of the mtDNA COl and diagnostic morphological characters we allocate the newly discovered population to the Scincella reevesii-S. rufocaudata species complex and describe it as Scincella nigrofasciata sp. nov. The new skink species can be distinguished from all other Southeast Asian congeners by the following combination of morphological characters： snout-vent length （SVL） 40.0-52.6 mm; relative tail length （TaL/SVL ratio） 1.25-1.94; prefrontals in broad contact; infralabials 6; primary temporals 2; relative forelimb length （FIL/SVL ratio） 0.20-0.22; relative hindlimb length （HIL/SVL ratio） 0.30-0.33; relative forearm length （FoL/SVL ratio） 0.14-0.16; adpressed forelimbs and hind limbs either overlapping （0.4-2.2 mm） or separated （1.9-2.3 mm）; midbody scale rows 32-33, paravertebral scales 69-74, vertebral scales 65-69; dorsal scales between dorsolateral stripes 8; comparatively slender fingers and toes, subdigital lamellae under fourth toe 15-17; dark discontinuous regular dorsal stripes 5-7; distinct black dorsolateral stripes, narrowing to lateral sides and extending to 52%-86% of total tail length. We provide additional information on the holotype of Scincella rufocaudata （Darevsky ＆ Nguyen, 1983）, and provide evidence for the species status of Scincella rupicola. Our discovery brings the number of Scincellaspecies in Cambodia to five and emphasizes the incompleteness of knowledge on the herpetofaunal diversity of this country.

关键词： Mondulkiri Keo Seima WildlifeSanctuary Taxonomy mtDNA COl DNA barcoding Phylogenetics

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北京金隅西山甲一号

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建筑实践 2020年第8期 184-189页

作者：冯雅丽高伟杜文豪侯泽辉杨旭武虎丁琳西迪国际(cdg国际设计机构)

地点:北京市丰台区Location:Fengtai District,Beijing长辛店生态城是北京市第一个获国家住建部评选并颁布的低碳社区示范项目,该项目以生态、科技、山水等资源为优势,构建完整的宜居体系社区。西山甲一号作为该生态城早期的启动区域之...

地点:北京市丰台区Location:Fengtai District,Beijing长辛店生态城是北京市第一个获国家住建部评选并颁布的低碳社区示范项目,该项目以生态、科技、山水等资源为优势,构建完整的宜居体系社区。西山甲一号作为该生态城早期的启动区域之一,无论是站在生态住宅,还是科技人居的角度上,其出发点都是为了满足城市居住者的切实需求。

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伦敦2012奥运会主体育场

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建筑技艺 2011年第Z2期 96-99页

作者：李竞一 Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands POPULOUS建筑设计事务所 allies & Morrison

POPULOUS作为全球性的建筑设计事务所,不仅是2012年伦敦奥运体育馆的设计机构,同时也担负着2012年伦敦奥运会场馆的罩篷设计。伦敦2012年奥运会主场馆设计是POPULOUS设计的第二个奥运体育馆,在设计这座场馆的时候他们参考了2000年奥运... 详细信息

POPULOUS作为全球性的建筑设计事务所,不仅是2012年伦敦奥运体育馆的设计机构,同时也担负着2012年伦敦奥运会场馆的罩篷设计。伦敦2012年奥运会主场馆设计是POPULOUS设计的第二个奥运体育馆,在设计这座场馆的时候他们参考了2000年奥运场馆的设计经验。

关键词：主体育场看台体育馆建筑设计事务所屋顶结构主场馆奥运会场馆伦敦

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北京A-Z TOWN(A5-9区)

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建筑创作 2006年第10期88卷 102-103页

2003年8月，随着国家宏观调控土地资源政策的出台，首创置业以近十亿元的最终价格拍得北京市第一块大规模招拍挂项目——京棉集团一分厂地块。该项目坐落于朝外大街十里一号，是集居住，办公，商业，餐饮等多功能于一体的综合性项目，... 详细信息

2003年8月，随着国家宏观调控土地资源政策的出台，首创置业以近十亿元的最终价格拍得北京市第一块大规模招拍挂项目——京棉集团一分厂地块。该项目坐落于朝外大街十里一号，是集居住，办公，商业，餐饮等多功能于一体的综合性项目，整个项目总占地18.94ha，共分为七个地块，A-Z TOWN一期推出的A5-9地块位于整个项目的东南角，占地2.44ha，总建筑面积8.59万m^2。

关键词：北京市国家宏观调控资源政策建筑面积项目地块多功能占地

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Uterine Perforation after Pose of IUD, the Place of Abdomen Radiography without Preparation

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第1期7卷 1-4页

作者： Abdel Karim Sermé Aboubacar Coulibaly Koumpielimé Sosthène Somda Dimitri Darankoum Delphine Napon/Zongo Soré Moussa Zanga Hector Godonou Kadidiatou Cissé Issiaka Ouedraogo Ali Ouedraogo Gastroenterology Service of the University Hospital Centre Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Gastroenterology Service of the University Hospital Centre Sanou Sourou (CHUSS) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Medical Imaging Department of the Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Center (CHUP-cdg) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Gyneco-Obstetrics Service of the University Hospital Centre Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Uterine perforation is a serious complication after insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD). We report the case of a 34-year-old woman receiving in consultation for abdominal pain. In the interrogation there was a notion of IUD insertion for about a week. The gynecological examination did not find the thread of IUD and the ultrasound performed did not visualize an IUD. Radiography of the abdomen without preparation highlighted a compatible intrapelvic foreign thing like an IUD. The diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease by uterine perforation by an IUD was thus retained. We suggest in case of suspicion of uterine radio paque IUD perforation achieving radiography when the abdominal pelvic ultrasound is normal.

关键词： IUD Intra Uterine Perforation Diagnosis Treatment

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