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16.48% Efficient solution-processed CIGS solar cells with crystal growth and defects engineering enabled by Ag doping strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 59-65页

作者： Mengyu Xu Shaocong Yan Ting Liang Jia Jia Shengjie Yuan Dongxing Kou Zhengji Zhou Wenhui Zhou Yafang Qi Yuena Meng Litao Han Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering Henan University

Solution-processed Cu（In,Ga）Se2（CIGS） solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency（PCE） loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of ***, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage（VOC） of 662 m V and fill factor（FF） of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.

关键词： Cell engineering

Personalized federated few-shot node classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 204-218页

作者： Yunfeng ZHAO Xintong HE Guoxian YU Jun WANG Yongqing ZHENG Carlotta DOMENICONI School of Software Shandong University joint SDU-NTU centre for Artificial Intelligence research Shandong University Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science George Mason University

Personalized federated learning(PFL) aims to train customized models for individual clients in a decentralized setting, with the account of non-independent and identically distributed data across clients. However, most PFL methods adopt uniform classification layers for diverse clients and give rise to error-prone predictions, due to the task heterogeneity notably prominent in decentralized graph data scenarios. Although some PFL solutions setup client-specific classification layers for each client and optimize them only locally, they are corrupted with limited local training data. We propose an innovative solution called federated parameter decoupling and node augmentation(Fed PANo) to address these problems and to achieve personalized federated few-shot node classification, which is a prevalent and challenging but unexplored topic. Specifically, Fed PANo first separates the local model into the GNN and classifier to handle unique client-specific task variations. The GNN is trained through federated learning to capture shared knowledge of graph nodes across clients, while the classifier is custom-designed and trained individually for each client. Additionally, a generic classifier shared among clients is adopted to encourage the GNN's grasp of shared information. Then Fed PANo further proposes the node generator along with its local and collaborative training strategies to deal with the node scarcity of clients. Extensive experimental results on benchmark datasets confirm that Fed PANo outperforms eight competitive baselines across different settings.

关键词： personalized federated learning few-shot learning node classification task heterogeneity parameter decoupling node augmentation

Structural and microwave absorption properties of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/residual carbon composites

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 221-232页

作者： Yuanchun Zhang Shengtao Gao Xingzhao Zhang Dacheng Ma Chuanlei Zhu Jun He joint National-Local Engineering research centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

Electromagnetic interference,which necessitates the rapid advancement of substances with exceptional capabilities for bsorbing electromagnetic waves,is of urgent concern in contemporary *** this work,CoFe_(2)O_(4)/residual carbon from coal gasification fine slag(CFO/RC)composites were created using a novel hydrothermal *** mechanisms for microwave absorption,including conductive loss,natural resonance,interfacial dipole polarization,and magnetic flux loss,are involved in these ***,compared with pure residual carbon materials,this composite offers superior capabilities in microwave *** 7.76GHz,the CFO/RC-2 composite achieves an impressive minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of-43.99 dB with a thickness of 2.44 ***,CFO/RC-3 demonstrates an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of up to 4.16 GHz,accompanied by a thickness of *** study revealed the remarkable capability of the composite to diminish electromagnetic waves,providing a new generation method for microwave absorbing materials of superior quality.

关键词： coal gasification slag residual carbon hydrothermal method microwave absorption CoFe_(2)O_(4)

Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 598-608页

作者： Daniella Da Silva Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg Anine Crous Heidi Abrahamse Laser research centre Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular *** has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of *** this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain *** investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/*** adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory *** findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control ***,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal *** biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic ***,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

关键词： differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis photobiomodulation trans-differentiation

Mainchain conformation ordering self-assembly tailored room temperature phosphorescence emission

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 329-336页

作者： Yuzhu Li Yumeng Gao Feng Tian Yu Wang Yuan Yao Shaoliang Lin Xiang Ma Binbin Xu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist joint research centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology

Developing organic room-temperature phosphorescence （RTP） materials with a wide range of tunable-emission is significant in expanding the applications of RTP ***,we rationally designed amphiphilic alternating copolymers poly(1,2-bis（4-alkoxyphenyl）ethane-1,2-dione-alt-（ethylene glycol）x)(P（Bz-alt-EGx）) that combined the advantage of alternating benzil and EGxskeleton,and tunable mainchain *** a mainchain conformation ordering assembly （COA） process,P（Bz-alt-EGx） self-assembled into well-defined platelets,and such assemblies emitted blue RTP at ca.425 nm due to the ordered folded-chain conformation and confined *** contrast,traditional self-assembly （TA） of P（Bz-alt-EGx） obtained less ordered aggregates,such as asymmetric worms,vesicles,and rod-like *** resultant less ordered aggregates exhibited yellow-green RTP at ca.550 *** wide-tuning RTP emission in solution （between blue and yellow-green,over125 nm） is realized using the P（Bz-alt-EGx） alternating copolymers under the treatment of different self-assembly *** study uncovers a new strategy to tailor the RTP emission through different self-assembly pathways and holds great promise for the fabrication of advanced optical materials.

关键词： self-assembly conformation ordering alternating copolymer phosphorescence emission

Traffic safety helmet wear detection based on improved YOLOv5 network

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 35-42页

作者： GUI Dongdong SUN Bo College of Software Southeast University Quanzhou Equipment research centre Haixi Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Aiming at the problem that the current traffic safety helmet detection model can't balance the accuracy of detection with the size of the model and the poor generalization of the model, a method based on improving you only look once version 5(YOLOv5) is proposed. By incorporating the lightweight Ghost Net module into the YOLOv5 backbone network, we effectively reduce the model size. The addition of the receptive fields block(RFB) module enhances feature extraction and improves the feature acquisition capability of the lightweight model. Subsequently, the high-performance lightweight convolution, GSConv, is integrated into the neck structure for further model size compression. Moreover, the baseline model's loss function is substituted with efficient insertion over union(EIoU), accelerating network convergence and enhancing detection precision. Experimental results corroborate the effectiveness of this improved algorithm in real-world traffic scenarios.

关键词： Traffic control

Remote copper-catalyzed enantioselective substitution of yne-thiophene carbonates

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1175-1180页

作者： Hao-Dong Qian Xiang Li Tingrui Yin Wei-Feng Qian Chunhui Zhao Cuiju Zhu Hao Xu ccnu-uottawa joint research centre Key Laboratory of Pesticides&Chemical Biology of Ministry of EducationInternational Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and HealthCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

Here,we describe a strategy for the copper-catalyzed asymmetric heteroarylation of yne-thiophene carbonates with indoles via remote *** key to the success of this strategy lies in the design of the alkynyl group at the ortho-position of the heterocycle thiophene,enabling the formation of a triarylmethane moiety via very remote ***,the concept of remote copper-catalyzed asymmetric transformation extends not only to yne-allylic esters but also to yne-aryl *** reaction readily provides a diverse array of chiral triarylmethanes with high efficiency,enantioselectivity,and excellent functional group ***,facile follow-up transformations underscore their potential utility in the synthesis of various enantioenriched building *** mechanistic studies support the plausibility of the remote substitution pathway.

关键词： remote substitution copper catalyst asymmetric catalysis triaryl methanes

Bimetallic Single‑Atom Catalysts for Water Splitting

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 1-45页

作者： Megha A.Deshmukh Aristides Bakandritsos Radek Zbořil Nanotechnology centre Centre for Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17.listopadu 2172/1570800 Ostrava‑PorubaCzech Republic Regional centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute(CATRIN)Palacky University OlomoucŠlechtitelů241/2778371 Olomouc–HoliceCzech Republic

Green hydrogen from water splitting has emerged as a critical energy vector with the potential to spearhead the global transition to a fossil fuel-independent *** field of catalysis has been revolutionized by single-atom catalysts(SACs),which exhibit unique and intricate interactions between atomically dispersed metal atoms and their ***,bimetallic SACs(bimSACs)have garnered significant attention for leveraging the synergistic functions of two metal ions coordinated on appropriately designed *** offer an avenue for rich metal–metal and metal–support cooperativity,potentially addressing current limitations of SACs in effectively furnishing transformations which involve synchronous proton–electron exchanges,substrate activation with reversible redox cycles,simultaneous multi-electron transfer,regulation of spin states,tuning of electronic properties,and cyclic transition states with low activation *** review aims to encapsulate the growing advancements in bimSACs,with an emphasis on their pivotal role in hydrogen generation via water *** subsequently delve into advanced experimental methodologies for the elaborate characterization of SACs,elucidate their electronic properties,and discuss their local coordination ***,we present comprehensive discussion on the deployment of bimSACs in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,the two half-reactions of the water electrolysis process.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Single-atom dimers Hydrogen evolution Oxygen evolution Water splitting

Sequence-activated chemiluminescence probes: programmable illumination for high-contrast in vivo sensing and imaging

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 26-34页

作者： Yutao Zhang Juan Li Wei-Hong Zhu Zhiqian Guo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismEast China University of Science & Technology

Sequence-activated chemiluminescence(CL) technique offers a unique approach to detecting specific biomolecules or cellular events with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. The fundamental principle behind sequence-activated CL probes involves tailoring highly-controllable CL signals in response to specific sequences or events of interest, thus enabling high-contrast signals under complex physiological conditions. This sequential activation could be triggered by enzymes, reactive oxygen species(ROS), biothiols or changes in the microenvironment. These unique sequence-activated CL probes bestow several advantages, including minimal background, deep-tissue penetration, and the ability of non-invasive or minimally invasive detection. The sequence-activated CL techniques represent a significant advancement in molecular imaging and diagnostics. In this mini-review, we focus on the latest developments in sequential CL probes, addressing the technical challenges and discussing the future trajectory by harnessing CL signaling and molecular recognition.

关键词： chemiluminescnece sequence-activation in-vivo bioimaging cyclic peroxide