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Missing microbes in infants and children in the COVID-19 pandemic:a study of 1,126 participants in Beijing,China

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1739-1750页

作者： Jiejing Wang Yuejuan Li Yu Mu Kefei Huang Danyi Li Canhui Lan Yutao Cui Jun Wang cas key Lab for pathogenic microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Dr.CUIYUTAO Clinic Beijing 100028China R-institute Co.Ltd. Beijing 100011China

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many fatalities worldwide and continues to affect the health of the recovered patients in the form of *** this study,we compared the gut microbiome of uninfected infants and children before the pandemic began(BEFORE cohort,n=906)to that of after the pandemic(AFTER cohort,n=220)to examine the potential impact of social distancing and life habit changes on infant/children gut *** on 16S rRNA sequencing,we found a significant change in microbiome composition after the pandemic,with Bacteroides enterotype increasing to 35.45%from 30.46%before the *** quantification indicated that the bacterial loads of seven keystone taxa decreased by 91.69%–19.58%.Quantitative microbiome profiling,used to enhance the resolution in detecting microbiome differences,revealed a greater explained variance of pandemic on microbiome compared to gender,as well as a significant decrease in bacterial loads in 15 of the 20 major *** random forest age-predictor indicated the gut microbiomes were less mature in the after-pandemic cohort than in the before-pandemic cohort in the children group(3–12 years old)and had features of a significantly younger age(average of 1.86 years).Lastly,body weight and height were significantly lower in the after-pandemic cohort than in the before-pandemic cohort in infants(<1 year of age),which was associated with a decrease in bacterial loads in the fecal microbiome.

关键词： gut microbiome COVID-19 pandemic quantitative microbiome profiling children health

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Naturally occurring PA^(E206K)point mutation in 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza viruses impairs viral replication at high temperatures

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 71-80页

作者： Mengmeng Cao Qiannan Jia Jinghua Li Lili Zhao Li zhu Yufan Zhang Shan Li Tao Deng National institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China cas key laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

The emergence of influenza virus A pandemic H1N1 in April 2009 marked the first pandemic of the 21st *** this study,we observed significant differences in the polymerase activities of two clinical 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus isolates from Chinese and Japanese *** comparison of the three main protein subunits(PB2,PB1,and PA)of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex and subsequent mutational analysis revealed that a single amino acid substitution(E206K)was responsible for the observed impaired replication *** in vitro experiments showed that presence of PAE206K decreased the replication of influenza A/WSN/33 virus in mammalian cells and a reduction in the virus’s pathogenicity in *** studies revealed that PAE206K is a temperature-sensitive mutant associated with the inability to transport PB1–PA complex to the nucleus at high temperature(39.5℃).Hence,this naturally occurring variant in the PA protein represents an ideal candidate mutation for the development of live attenuated influenza vaccines.

关键词： H1N1 Influenza A virus Polymerase acidic protein Point mutation Viral replication

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Durable and enhanced immunity against SARS-CoV-2 elicited by manganese nanoadjuvant formulated subunit vaccine

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 47-50页

作者： Mengyu Guo Mingjing Cao Jiufeng Sun Ziwei Chen Xin Wang Lianpan Dai George F.Gao Yuliang Zhao Yaling Wang Chunying Chen cas key laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety&cas Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of ChinaBeijingChina Guangdong Provincial institute of Public Health Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhouChina cas key laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyBeijingChina

Dear editor,Vaccines are the most efficient and effective means to prevent infectious diseases,but improving the long-term protective efficacy is still a major challenge in contemporary vaccine development.1 The waning immunity varies depending on the diversification of the pathogen and the number of booster doses.1 Strategies to overcome this warrant is using adjuvants that amplify the immune response,and drive the production of memory B and T cells or long-lived plasma cells that recognize the pathogen for durable protection.2–4 Although existing adjuvants have achieved promising results,research on generating durable protective immunity is lacking in promoting vaccine development and staying ahead of global pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The precisely designed nanoadjuvants can enhance lymph node targeting and increase antigenpresenting cell(APCs)uptake,achieving the co-delivery of adjuvants and antigens and activating innate and adaptive immune responses.5 Previously,we reported a manganese nanoadjuvant(MnARK)and receptor-binding domain(RBD)monomer antigen formulated nanovaccine.6 MnARK transported antigens to lymph nodes,activated the STING pathway,elicited strong neutralizing abilities and increased immune memory T cell percentage against the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).6 Regarding the long-term protection potential of MnARK for subunit vaccine development,we further explored the durable immune regulation abilities of MnARK to a SARS-CoV-2 RBD dimer antigen,which has been used in an approved COVID-19 subunit vaccine ZF2001 with aluminum adjuvant(alum).7,8 TEM result revealed that RBD dimer could interact with BSA on MnARK surface and epitope can be well preserved(Supplementary Fig.1a).The size and zeta potential of MnARK-RBD dimer nanovaccine was~58 nm and-14 mV,respectively(Supplementary Fig.1b,c).

关键词： manganese immunity protective

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Cmtm4 deficiency exacerbates colitis by inducing gut dysbiosis and S100a8/9 expression

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 811-823页

作者： Qiao Meng Jing Ning Jingjing Lu Jing Zhang Ming Zu Jing Zhang Xiurui Han Huiling Zheng Yueqing Gong Xinyu Hao Ying Xiong Fang Gu Wenling Han Weiwei Fu Jun Wang Shigang Ding Department of Gastroenterology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Beijing key laboratory for Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases(BZ0371) Beijing 100191China cas key laboratory of pathogenic microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China Department of immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterNHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology(Peking University)Beijing 100191China Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics Beijing 100191China

The dysfunction of innate immunity components is one of the major drivers for ulcerative colitis(UC),and increasing reports indicate that the gut microbiome serves as an intermediate between genetic mutations and UC ***,we find that the IL-17 receptor subunit,CMTM4,is reduced in UC patients and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced *** deletion of CMTM4(Cmtm4^(-/-))in mice leads to a higher susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis than in wild-type,and the gut microbiome significantly changes in *** causal role of the gut microbiome is confirmed with a cohousing *** further identify that S100a8/9 is significantly up-regulated in Cmtm4^(-/-)colitis,with the block of its receptor RAGE that reverses the phenotype associated with the CMTM4 ***4 deficiency rather suppresses S100a8/9 expression in vitro via the IL17 pathway,further supporting that the elevation of S100a8/9 in vivo is most likely a result of microbial *** together,the results suggest that CMTM4 is involved in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis,suppression of S100a8/9,and prevention of colitis *** study further shows CMTM4 as a crucial innate immunity component,confirming its important role in UC development and providing insights into potential targets for the development of future therapies.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis CMTM4 Gut microbiota IL-17 receptor C(IL-17RC) S100a8/9

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Enhanced potency of an IgM-like nanobody targeting conserved epitope in SARS-CoV-2 spike N-terminal domain

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2726-2737页

作者： Bo Liu Honghui Liu Pu Han Xiaoyun Wang Chunmei Wang Xinxin Yan Wenwen Lei Ke Xu Jianjie Zhou Jianxun Qi Ruiwen Fan Guizhen Wu Wen-xia Tian George F.Gao Qihui Wang College of Veterinary Medicine Shanxi Agricultural University030801 JinzhongChina cas key laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)100101 BeijingChina School of Life Sciences Yunnan University650504 KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina NHC key laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)102206 BeijingChina Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences101408 BeijingChina

Almost all the neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of spike(S)protein show weakened or lost efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)emerged or emerging variants,such as Omicron and its *** suggests that highly conserved epitopes are crucial for the development of neutralizing ***,we present one nanobody,N235,displaying broad neutralization against the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and multiple variants,including the newly emerged Omicron and its ***-electron microscopy demonstrates N235 binds a novel,conserved,cryptic epitope in the N-terminal domain(NTD)of the S protein,which interferes with the RBD in the neighboring S *** neutralization mechanism interpreted via flow cytometry and Western blot shows that N235 appears to induce the S1 subunit shedding from the trimeric S ***,a nano-IgM construct(MN235),engineered by fusing N235 with the human IgM Fc region,displays prevention via inducing S1 shedding and cross-linking virus *** to N235,MN235 exhibits varied enhancement in neutralization against pseudotyped and authentic viruses in *** intranasal administration of MN235 in low doses can effectively prevent the infection of Omicron sub-variant BA.1 and XBB in vivo,suggesting that it can be developed as a promising prophylactic antibody to cope with the ongoing and future infection.

关键词： doses prevention conserved

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Approach from the laboratory to the field: New strategies in the control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Ziqian Xu Lianpan Dai Jun Liu National key laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID) National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention cas key laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Vector-borne viruses, transmitted among humans and animal hosts through bites of vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks,pose a great and ongoing threat to public health and biosafety (Yang et al., 2022).Among them, dengue virus-induced epidemics, have dramatically increased worldwide in recent decades. The report released by the World Health Organization (WHO) at the end of 2023 showed that dengue epidemic globally surged in2023, with the number of reported cases nearing a historical peak.

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The human-derived novel gut commensal Luoshenia tenuis regulates body weight and food intake in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 830-841页

作者： Yu Jiang Mengxuan Du Lisheng Xie Minzhi Jiang Yaokun Zhang Mingxia Bi Chang Liu Hongwei Liu Shuangjiang Liu State key laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China State key laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China State key laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Many studies have revealed that gut microbes modulate host *** this study,we characterized the therapeutic effects of a novel gut commensal Luoshenia tenuis against host metabolic ***,by in silico analysis,we demonstrated that the *** was prevalent in the gut microbiomes of healthy humans but were depleted specifically in obesity *** in vitro cultivation revealed that *** produced short chain fatty acids that were verified to modulate host metabolism and some other volatile metabolites to benefit hosts by anti-inflammation and ***,gavage of the *** significantly decreased the body weight gain and food intake of high-fat diet-feeding C57BL/6J mice,which was in parallel with the changed expression level of genes related to satiety and feeding *** then performed the gavage trial using diet induced obese mice,and it revealed that the administration of *** alleviated significantly the abnormal glucose and lipid metabolisms and reduced the inflammatory *** summary,this study revealed a previously-unknown human gut commensal microbe that benefited host metabolism,and set the stage for the development of novel next-generation probiotic applicable for treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders.

关键词： Luoshenia tenuis Gut microbe Feeding behavior Obesity Next-generation probiotic

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Licorice-saponin A3 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor for COVID-19 by targeting viral spike and anti-inflammation

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 115-127页

作者： Yang Yi Wenzhe Li Kefang Liu Heng Xue Rong Yu Meng Zhang Yang-Oujie Bao Xinyuan Lai Jingjing Fan Yuxi Huang Jing Wang Xiaomeng Shi Junhua Li Hongping Wei Kuanhui Xiang Linjie Li Rong Zhang Xin Zhao Xue Qiao Hang Yang Min Ye State key laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center Peking UniversityBeijing100191China cas key laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China cas key laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Department of microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterPeking UniversityBeijing100191China Hubei Jiangxia laboratory Wuhan430000China Shenzhen Children's Hospital ShenzhenGuangdong518036China

Currently,human health due to corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been seriously *** coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)spike(S)protein plays a crucial role in virus transmission and several S-based therapeutic approaches have been approved for the treatment of ***,the efficacy is compromised by the SARS-CoV-2 evolvement and *** we report the SARS-CoV-2 S protein receptor-binding domain(RBD)inhibitor licorice-saponin A3(A3)could widely inhibit RBD of SARS-CoV-2 variants,including Beta,Delta,and Omicron BA.1,XBB and ***,A3 could potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus in Vero E6 cells,with EC50 of 1.016μ*** mechanism was related to binding with Y453 of RBD determined by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry(HDX-MS)analysis combined with quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics(QM/MM)***,phosphoproteomics analysis and multi fluorescent immunohistochemistry(mIHC)respectively indicated that A3 also inhibits host inflammation by directly modulating the JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathways and rebalancing the corresponding immune *** work supports A3 as a promising broad-spectrum small molecule drug candidate for COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Inflammation Licorice-saponin A3 Receptor-binding domain(RBD) SARS-CoV-2

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Ancient dormant virus remnant ERVW-1 drives ferroptosis via degradation of GPX4 and SLC3A2 in schizophrenia

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 31-43页

作者： Dongyan Zhang Xiulin Wu Xing Xue Wenshi Li Ping Zhou Zhao Lv Kexin Zhao Fan Zhu State key laboratory of Virology and Department of Medical microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China Hubei Province key laboratory of Allergy&immunology Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China

Human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)are remnants of retroviral infections in human germline cells from millions of years *** these,ERVW-1(also known as HERV-W-ENV,ERVWE1,or ENVW)encodes the envelope protein of the HERV-W family,which contributes to the pathophysiology of ***,neuropathological studies have revealed cell death and disruption of iron homeostasis in the brains of individuals with ***,our bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed genes in the human prefrontal cortex RNA microarray dataset(GSE53987)were mainly related to ferroptosis and its associated *** data demonstrated significantly lower expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes,particularly Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and solute carrier family 3 member 2(SLC3A2),in schizophrenia patients compared to normal *** in-depth analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between ERVW-1 expression and the levels of GPX4/SLC3A2 in *** indicated that ERVW-1 increased iron levels,malondialdehyde(MDA),and transferrin receptor protein 1(TFR1)expression while decreasing glutathione(GSH)levels and triggering the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential,suggesting that ERVW-1 can induce *** research has shown that ERVW-1 reduced the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2 by inhibiting their promoter ***,Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),the ferroptosis inhibitor,reversed the iron accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss,as well as restored the expressions of ferroptosis markers GSH,MDA,and TFR1 induced by *** conclusion,ERVW-1 could promote ferroptosis by downregulating the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2,revealing a novel mechanism by which ERVW-1 contributes to neuronal cell death in schizophrenia.

关键词： ERVW-1 Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) Solute carrier family 3 member 2(SLC3A2) Ferroptosis Schizophrenia

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Characterization of whole genomes from recently emerging Mpox cases in several regions of China,2023

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1079-1081页

作者： Changcheng Wu Lunbiao Cui Yang Pan Ziquan Lv Mingxiao Yao Wenling Wang Fei Ye Weibang Huo Li Zhao Baoying Huang Fengcai Zhu Roujian Lu Yao Deng Quanyi Wang Wenjie Tan NHC key laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China NHC key laboratory of Enteric pathogenic microbiology Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious DiseasesJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210009China Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control Beijing 100013China Central laboratory Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhen 518055China Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jinan 250014China

Dear Editor,Mpox(formerly known as monkeypox)is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus(MPXV).Mpox cases have been sporadic over the past few decades,with outbreaks occurring in only a limited ... 详细信息

关键词： cases primarily imported

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