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A family of quantum von Neumann architecture

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Chinese physics B 2024年第8期33卷 56-61页

作者：王东升 cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We develop universal quantum computing models that form a family of quantum von Neumann architectures,with modular units of memory,control,CPU,and internet,besides input and *** family contains three generations characterized by dynamical quantum resource theory,and it also circumvents no-go theorems on quantum programming and *** universality,such a family satisfies other desirable engineering requirements on system and algorithm design,such as modularity and programmability,hence serves as a unique approach to building universal quantum computers.

关键词： von Neumann architecture quantum resource theory quantum computing

Efficiency of collective myosin Ⅱ motors studied with an elastic coupling power-stroke ratchet model

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Chinese physics B 2018年第12期27卷 559-562页

作者： Zi-Qing Wang Jin-Fang Li Ying-Ge Xie Guo-Dong Wang Yao-Gen Shu College of Science Northwest A & F University cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

We proposed a modified ratchet model including power-stroke and elastic coupling to study the efficiency of collective non-processive motors such as myosin Ⅱ in muscle. Our theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Our study not only reveals that the maximum efficiency depends on elasticity and is independent of transition rates but also indicates that the parameters fitted to fast muscle are different from those fitted to a slow one. The latter may imply that the structure of the fast muscle is different from that of the slow one. The main reason that our model succeeds is that velocity in this model is an independent variable.

关键词： efficiency of collective non-processive motors ratchet model power-stroke elasticity

Construction of 3D porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks for ultrafast and long-cycle life sodium-ion storage

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 191-200页

作者： Chen Chen Hongyu Xue Qilin Hu Mengfan Wang Pan Shang Ziyan Liu Tao Peng Deyang Zhang Yongsong Luo key laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage TechnologyCollege of Physics and Electronic EngineeringXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China School of physics and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061China

Transition metal sulfides have great potential as anode mterials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical specific ***,the inferior intrinsic conductivity and large volume variation during sodiation-desodiation processes seriously affect its high-rate and long-cyde performance,unbeneficial for the application as fast-charging and long-cycling SIBs ***,the three-dimensional porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks(Cu_(1.81)S/NC)are synthesized by the simple and facile sol-gel and annealing processes,which can accommodate the volumetric expansion of Cu_(1.81)S nanoparticles and accelerate the transmission of ions and electrons during Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes,exhibiting the excellent rate capability(250.6 mA·g^(-1)at 20.0 A·g^(-1))and outstanding cycling stability(70% capacity retention for 6000 cycles at 10.0 A·g^(-1))for ***,the Na-ion full cells coupled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode also demonstrate the satisfactory reversible specific capacity of 330.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0 A·g^(-1)and long-cycle performance with the 86.9% capacity retention at 2.0 A·g^(-1)after 750 *** work proposes a promising way for the conversionbased metal sulfides for the applications as fast-charging sodium-ion battery anode.

关键词： copper sulfide nanoparticles porous carbon framework fast charging long-cycle performance sodium-ion full batteries

Comparing dark matter models,modified Newtonian dynamics and modified gravity in accounting for galaxy rotation curves

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Chinese physics C 2017年第5期41卷 135-143页

作者：林昕唐丽林海南 Department of physics Chongqing University cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

We compare six models（including the baryonic model,two dark matter models,two modified Newtonian dynamics models and one modified gravity model） in accounting for galaxy rotation *** the dark matter models,we assume NFW profile and core-modified profile for the dark halo,*** the modified Newtonian dynamics models,we discuss Milgrom＇s MOND theory with two different interpolation functions,the standard and the simple interpolation *** the modified gravity,we focus on Moffat＇s MSTG *** fit these models to the observed rotation curves of 9 high-surface brightness and 9 low-surface brightness *** apply the Bayesian Information Criterion and the Akaike Information Criterion to test the goodness-of-fit of each *** is found that none of the six models can fit all the galaxy rotation curves *** galaxies can be best fitted by the baryonic model without involving nonluminous dark *** can fit the largest number of galaxies,and only one galaxy can be best fitted by the MSTG ***-modified model fits about half the LSB galaxies well,but no HSB galaxies,while the NFW model fits only a small fraction of HSB galaxies but no LSB *** may imply that the oversimplified NFW and core-modified profiles cannot model the postulated dark matter haloes well.

关键词： galaxy galaxies rotation Newtonian gravity interpolation accounting Bayesian brightness fitted

A prototype of quantum von Neumann architecture

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Communications in theoretical physics 2022年第9期74卷 49-63页

作者： Dong-Sheng Wang cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A modern computer system,based on the von Neumann architecture,is a complicated system with several interactive modular *** requires a thorough understanding of the physics of information storage,processing,protection,readout,*** computing,as the most generic usage of quantum information,follows a hybrid architecture so far,namely,quantum algorithms are stored and controlled classically,and mainly the executions of them are quantum,leading to the so-called quantum processing *** a quantum-classical hybrid is constrained by its classical ingredients,and cannot reveal the computational power of a fully quantum computer system as conceived from the beginning of the ***,the nature of quantum information has been further recognized,such as the no-programming and no-control theorems,and the unifying understandings of quantum algorithms and computing *** a result,in this work,we propose a model of a universal quantum computer system,the quantum version of the von Neumann *** uses ebits(*** states)as elements of the quantum memory unit,and qubits as elements of the quantum control unit and processing *** a digital quantum system,its global configurations can be viewed as tensor-network *** universality is proved by the capability to execute quantum algorithms based on a program composition scheme via a universal quantum gate *** is also protected by the uncertainty principle,the fundamental law of quantum information,making it quantum-secure and distinct from the classical *** particular,we introduce a few variants of quantum circuits,including the tailed,nested,and topological ones,to characterize the roles of quantum memory and control,which could also be of independent interest in other *** all,our primary study demonstrates the manifold power of quantum information and paves the way for the creation of quantum computer systems in the near future.

关键词： quantum computation quantum channel von Neumann architecture

Universal resources for quantum computing

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Communications in theoretical physics 2023年第12期75卷 57-74页

作者： Dong-Sheng Wang cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Unravelling the source of quantum computing power has been a major goal in the field of quantum information *** recent years,the quantum resource theory(QRT)has been established to characterize various quantum resources,yet their roles in quantum computing tasks still require *** so-called universal quantum computing model(UQCM),*** circuit model,has been the main framework to guide the design of quantum algorithms,creation of real quantum computers *** this work,we combine the study of UQCM together with *** find,on one hand,using QRT can provide a resource-theoretic characterization of a UQCM,the relation among models and inspire new ones,and on the other hand,using UQCM offers a framework to apply resources,study relation among these resources and classify *** develop the theory of universal resources in the setting of UQCM,and find a rich spectrum of UQCMs and the corresponding universal *** on a hierarchical structure of resource theories,we find models can be classified into *** this work,we study three natural families of UQCMs in detail:the amplitude family,the quasi-probability family,and the Hamiltonian *** include some well known models,like the measurement-based model and adiabatic model,and also inspire new models such as the contextual model that we *** family contains at least a triplet of models,and such a succinct structure of families of UQCMs offers a unifying picture to investigate resources and design *** also provides a rigorous framework to resolve puzzles,such as the role of entanglement versus interference,and unravel resource-theoretic features of quantum algorithms.

关键词： quantum resource computing model quantum algorithm

Moderate point: Balanced entropy and enthalpy contributions in soft matter

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Chinese physics B 2017年第3期26卷 276-284页

作者：贺宝记王延颋 cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Various soft materials share some common features, such as significant entropic effect, large fluctuations, sensitivity to thermodynamic conditions, and mesoscopic characteristic spatial and temporal scales. However, no quantitative defini- tions have yet been provided for soft matter, and the intrinsic mechanisms leading to their common features are unclear. In this work, from the viewpoint of statistical mechanics, we show that soft matter works in the vicinity of a specific thermo- dynamic state named moderate point, at which entropy and enthalpy contributions among substates along a certain order parameter are well balanced or have a minimal difference. Around the moderate point, the order parameter fluctuation, the associated response function, and the spatial correlation length maximize, which explains the large fluctuation, the sensitivity to thermodynamic conditions, and mesoscopic spatial and temporal scales of soft matter, respectively. Possible applications to switching chemical bonds or allosteric biomachines determining their best working temperatures are also briefly discussed.

关键词： moderate point balanced entropy enthalpy contribution

Generalized Master Equation for Space-Time Coupled Continuous Time Random Walk

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Chinese physics Letters 2017年第5期34卷 1-4页

作者：刘剑李宝河陈晓松 School of Science Beijing Technology and Business University cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The generalized master equation for the space-time coupled continuous time random walk is derived analytically, in which the space-time coupling is considered through the correlated function 9（t）～ t^γ, 0 ≤ γ 〈 2, and the probability density function ω（t） of a particle＇s waiting time t follows a power law form for large t： ω（t）～t^-（1＋α）, 0 〈 α 〈 1. The results indicate that the expressions of the generalized master equation are determined by the correlation exponent 7 and the long-tailed index α of the waiting time. Moreover, the diffusion results obtained from the generalized master equation are in accordance with the previous known results and the numerical simulation results.

关键词： GME Generalized Master Equation for Space-Time Coupled Continuous Time Random Walk

Learning the Effective Spin Hamiltonian of a Quantum Magnet

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Chinese physics Letters 2021年第9期38卷 101-107页

作者： Sizhuo Yu Yuan Gao Bin-Bin Chen Wei Li School of physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China cas key laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

To understand the intriguing many-body states and effects in the correlated quantum materials,inference of the microscopic effective Hamiltonian from experiments constitutes an important yet very challenging inverse *** we propose an unbiased and efficient approach learning the effective Hamiltonian through the many-body analysis of the measured thermal *** approach combines the strategies including the automatic gradient and Bayesian optimization with the thermodynamics many-body solvers including the exact diagonalization and the tensor renormalization group *** showcase the accuracy and powerfulness of the Hamiltonian learning by applying it firstly to the thermal data generated from a given spin model,and then to realistic experimental data measured in the spin-chain compound copper nitrate and triangular-lattice magnet TmMgGaO_(4).The present automatic approach constitutes a unified framework of many-body thermal data analysis in the studies of quantum magnets and strongly correlated materials in general.

关键词： Hamiltonian quantum thermodynamics