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Simulation of Air Source Heat Pump with Refrigerant Injection for Heating Operation

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第5期35卷 739-748页

作者： Liu Haibo Shao Shuangquan Ma Guoyuan Fan Boyuan College of Environmental and Energy Engineering Beijing University of Technology cas key laboratory of cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry

An air source heat pump(ASHP)with refrigerant injection is proposed for the air conditioning system of electric vehicles(EVs),especially for efficient heating in cold winter,when there is no wasted heat of *** simulation model is built with the framework of two-phase fluid network,where the compressor is separated as two compressors and the economizer is treated as two heat exchangers in the injection path and the main refrigerant *** the validated simulation model,the heating performance is analyzed,and the results show that the coefficient of performance(COP)of ASHP with refrigerant injection is higher than 1.4 and the discharge temperature is less than 100℃ when the outdoor temperature is-20℃.The above performance ensures that the air conditioning system and EVs can operate normally with high efficiency even in the cold winter,which is much helpful for the practicability of EVs.

关键词： heat pump refrigerant injection air conditioning simulation electric vehicle(EV)

Electrochemical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in Hank's solution subjected to deep cryogenic treatment

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Rare Metals 2023年第6期42卷 2037-2046页

作者： Kai-Xuan Gu Kai-Kai Wang Jian-Peng Zheng Liu-Biao Chen Jun-Jie Wang cas key laboratory of cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The effect of deep cryogenic treatment(DCT)on the electrochemical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in Hank's solution was experimentally investigated in the present *** cryogenic treatments at-196℃soaking for 24(DCT-24) and 48(DCT-48) hours were conducted on the commercial annealed Ti-6Al-4V *** methods of polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) were employed to evaluate the electrochemical behavior and corrosion ***,atomic force microscopy(AFM) was used to detect the corrosion *** results showed that deep cryogenic treatment shifted the corrosion potentials(E_(corr))to the positive *** corrosion current densities(i_(corr))of samples treated by DCT-24 and DCT-48decreased from 153.1 nA·cm^(-2) in the untreated(UT)sample to 86.3 nA·cm^(-2) and 43.3 nA·cm^(-2),***,the roughness of corrosion surfaces of samples subjected to DCT was smaller than that of the UT sample,which indeed demonstrated the improvement in corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in Hank's *** results of EIS test indicated that deep cryogenic treatment had no influence on the corrosion mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in Hank's,while enhanced resistance value of outer porous layer R_p,which makes the surface more efficient to prevent the *** reduction of β-phase particles,improvement in dislocation density and release of residual stress caused by deep cryogenic treatment had great contribution to the improvement in corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in Hank's solution.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V alloy Deep cryogenic treatment Polarization Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)

Analysis of superconducting cavity quench events at SSRF

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Chinese Physics C 2011年第2期35卷 179-182页

作者：候洪涛刘建飞赵玉彬赵申杰张志刚罗琛封自强毛冬青郑湘李正 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics CAS Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai key laboratory of cryogenics & Superconducting RF Technology

Quench is important and dangerous to superconducting RF cavities. This paper illustrates the mechanism of quench and how a quench detector works, and analyzes the quench events happening during beam operations and cavity conditioning. We find that the quench protection is mostly triggered by some reasons such as fluctuation of cavity voltage, multipacting or arc, rather than a real cavity thermal breakdown. The results will be beneficial to optimize the operation real reasons for beam trip by quench interlock, and to systems. parameters of superconducting cavities, to discover the improve the operation stability of superconducting RF

关键词： superconducting cavity quench beam trip

Enhanced antibacterial activity of silica nanorattles with ZnO combination nanoparticles against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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Science Bulletin 2017年第17期62卷 1207-1215页

作者： Qianqian Chai Qiong wu Tianlong Liu Longfei Tan Changhui Fu Xiangling Ren Yue Yang Xianwei Meng laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials CAS Key Laboratory of CryogenicsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academyof SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Silica nanorattles(SNs) with zinc oxide(ZnO) combination nanoparticles are reported to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) for the first time. SNs loaded with ZnO nanoparticles,which can produce free radicals, can cause severe damage to bacteria. ZnO nanoparticles not only provide free radicals in the combined nanostructures, which can inhibit the growth of bacteria, but also form nanorough surfaces with an irregular distribution of spikes on the SNs, which can enhance their adhesion to bacteria. Nanorough silica shell surfaces maintain the high activity and stability of small-sized ZnO nanoparticles and gather ZnO nanoparticles together to enhance production, which improves the efficiency of free radicals against the cytomembranes of bacterial cells. The enhanced adhesion of ZnO@SN nanoparticles to MRSA cells shortens the effective touching distance between free radicals and MRSA, which also improves antibacterial activity. As we expected, the ZnO@SN nanoparticles exhibit a better antibacterial effect than free ZnO nanoparticles against MRSA in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate that SNs loaded with ZnO nanoparticles can accelerate wound healing in MRSA skin inflammation models. This method of multilevel functionalization will be potentially applicable to the antibacterial field.

关键词： Silica nanorattles ZnO nanoparticles Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) Rough surface Reactive oxygen species

Microstructure and properties of porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics by gelcasting-self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS)

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第1期11卷 172-183页

作者： Shile CHEN Liang WANG Gang HE Jiangtao LI Chang-An WANG State key laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China cas key laboratory of cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Porous silicon nitride ceramics have attracted a considerable attention due to their excellent overall performance,but poor porosity homogeneity and structural shrinkage induced by prolonged high temperature sintering limit its further ***,as a three-in-one solution for the above issues,for the first time we develop a novel approach that integrates the merits of gelcasting-SHS(self-propagating high-temperature synthesis)to prepare porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics to simultaneously achieve high porosity,high strength,high toughness,and low thermal conductivity across a wide temperature *** regulating the solid content,porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics with homogeneous pore structure are obtained,where the pore size falls inbetween 1.61 and 4.41 pm,and the elongated grains are interlaced and interlocked to form micron-sized coherent interconnected *** the same time,porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics with porosity of 67.83%to 78.03%are obtained,where the compressive strength reaches 11.79 to 47.75 MPa and fracture toughness reaches 1.20 to 6.71 MPa-m1/2.

关键词： porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics gelcasting self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS) porosity

Roadmap towards new generation liquid metal thermal interface materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1530-1550页

作者： ZHANG Xin DENG ZhongShan cas key laboratory of cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

As electronic devices continue to evolve toward miniaturization and integration,traditional thermal interface materials(TIMs)are no longer able to meet the ever-tougher thermal management *** to their high thermal conductivity and excellent conformability within a highly confined space,liquid metals have great potential for advanced thermal management in various cutting-edge devices and have become a key candidate for next-generation high-performance *** addition to already known materials,such as liquid metal alloy TIMs,particle-filled liquid metal TIMs,and liquid metal-filled TIMs,more TIMs are still being *** review presents a systematic classification of the liquid metal TIMs developed thus far,interprets the fundamental mechanisms underlying material innovation and in-situ heat transfer enhancement,and comparatively evaluates their respective advantages and ***,a series of representative theoretical models for characterizing the thermal conductivities of composites are summarized,and the limits of the thermal conductivity of liquid metal TIMs are predicted to guide practical R&D *** address the urgent need for higher-performance TIMs to overcome future thermal management challenges of electronic devices,a roadmap is outlined for the development of high-performance liquid metal TIMs,and a strategy for running these technologies is demonstrated.

关键词： liquid metal thermal interface material thermal conductivity thermal conductivity model thermal contact resistance

Research on an Arc Air-Lubricating Oil Radiator Equipped in Internal Surface of Air Intake for the Aero Engine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第3期29卷 687-696页

作者： CAI Huikun WENG Zeju LIAO Yidai GU Kaixuan WANG Junjie Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering of Xiamen University Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China cas key laboratory of cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Acadermy of SciencesBejing 100190China

Due to huge-power aircraft development and more electronic devices applied onboard,high heat flow density and uneven thermal distribution are becoming new *** new try is adding an air-lubricating oil radiator as the secondary cooling component but there are still few reports on its ***,this paper proposes a newly-design plate-fin air-lubricating oil radiator different from tube-fin or shell-tube conventionally used in previous engine *** radiator is arc,and equipped in internal surface of air *** and experimental analyses were carried out on fin *** results agreed well with average error of 13%on thermal *** heat and flow behaviors of oil side were presented with different structures and sizes of flowing *** to all research,optimized radiator is gained with fin spacing of 3.76 mm,fin thickness of 2 mm,single flowing path with width of 13 mm and gradient inlet and *** heat dissipation of 28.35 k W and pressure loss of 2.2 MPa can meet actual working *** research proves an air-lubricating oil radiator with arc structure and layout mode of internal surface to be feasible,which is a new but efficient cooling scheme and can lead to an innovative but wide use in modern aircrafts.

关键词： aero engine air-lubricating oil radiator arc plate-fin radiator oil flowing path internal surface of air intake

Environment-adaptive phase-separation-porous fluorofilm for highperformance passive radiation cooling

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5636-5644页

作者： Weiming Tang Yong Li Xue Meng Shutao Wang Ziguang Zhao School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China cas key laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China cas key laboratory of cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Passive radiative cooling is widely recognized as an environmentally sustainable method for achieving significant cooling ***,the mechanical properties and environmental adaptability of current radiative cooling materials are not sufficient to maintain high cooling performance in external *** we reported an environment-adaptive phase-separation-porous fluorofilm for high-performance passive radiation *** to the homogenous fluoro-porous network with limited scattering efficiencies,we modulated the porous structure of the fluorofilm to achieve a strong emissivity of 95.2%(8-13μm)and a high reflectivity of 97.1%(0.3-2.5μm).The fluorofilm demonstrates a temperature drop of 10.5°C and an average cooling power of 81 W·m^(−2)under a sunlight power of 770 W·m^(−2).The high mechanical performance and environmental adaptability of fluorofilms are also *** its significant radiative cooling capability and robust environmental adaptability,the fluorofilm is expected to have a promising future in radiative temperature regulation.

关键词： fluorofilm passive radiation cooling porous optimization thermal regulation

Experimental Investigation on the Temperature Distribution Characteristics of the Evaporation Section in a Pulsating Heat Pipe

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第2期28卷 246-251页

作者： WANG Xuehui GAO Xu BAO Kangli HUA Chao HAN Xiaohong CHEN Guangming State key laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants key laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Zhejiang University

With the increasing demand for heat dissipation in the electronics industry, pulsating heat pipe(PHP) has attracted wide attention due to its simple structure and excellent heat transfer ability. However, due to the unique operational mechanism of PHP, the temperature distribution in the evaporation section is obviously not even during the operational process of PHP. When the PHP is used as a heat dissipater, the evaporation section of the PHP directly contacts with the chips and has great influence on the performance of the chips, so it is very important to investigate the temperature distribution characteristics in the evaporation section. In this paper, both the effects of the filling ratio and heat flux on these characteristics were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the temperatures of the middle "U" turn were the highest. When the heat flux and the filling ratio were 364 W/cm^2 and 36.3%, respectively, the maximum temperature difference between the middle "U" turn and the other "U" turns could be as high as 18.92 K. Furthermore, the temperature differences between the middle "U" turn and the other "U" turns firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of heat flux and filling ratio.

关键词： temperature distribution pulsating heat pipe oscillation motions heat transfer