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Hydrologic Response to Future Climate change in the Dulong-Irra-waddy River Basin Based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 294-310页

作者： XU Ziyue MA Kai YUAN Xu HE Daming Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Yunnan Key laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security Kunming 650500China

Within the context of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor(CMEC),the Dulong-Ir-rawaddy(Ayeyarwady)River,an international river among China,India and Myanmar,plays a significant role as both a valuable hydro-power resource and an essential ecological ***,the water resources and security exhibit a high degree of vulnerabil-ity to climate change *** research evaluates climate impacts on the hydrology of the Dulong-Irrawaddy River Basin(DIRB)by using a physical-based hydrologic *** crafted future climate scenarios using the three latest global climate models(GCMs)from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6(CMIP6)under two shared socioeconomic pathways(SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5)for the near(2025-2049),mid(2050-2074),and far future(2075-2099).The regional model using MIKE SHE based on historical hydrologic processes was developed to further project future streamflow,demonstrating reliable performance in streamflow simulations with a val-idation Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE)of *** showed that climate change projections showed increases in the annual precip-itation and potential evapotranspiration(PET),with precipitation increasing by 11.3%and 26.1%,and PET increasing by 3.2%and 4.9%,respectively,by the end of the century under SSP2-4.5 and *** changes are projected to result in increased annual streamflow at all stations,notably at the basin’s outlet(Pyay station)compared to the baseline period(with an increase of 16.1%and 37.0%at the end of the 21st century under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5,respectively).Seasonal analysis for Pyay station forecasts an in-crease in dry-season streamflow by 31.3%-48.9%and 22.5%-76.3%under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5,respectively,and an increase in wet-season streamflow by 5.8%-12.6%and 2.8%-33.3%,***,the magnitude and frequency of flood events are pre-dicted to escalate,potentially impacting hydropower production and food security *** res

关键词： climate change hydrologic response Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6(CMIP6) MIKE SHE(Système Hydrologique Europeén) Dulong-Irrawaddy River Basin

New food Sources and Production Systems: A Comparison of International Regulations and China’s Advancements in Novel foods with Synthetic Biology

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xin Liu Di Wu Yi Shao Yongning Wu Key laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education) College of food Science and Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Institute for global food security School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Department of Nutrition and food Safety Peking Union Medical College Research Unit of food Safety Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences NHC Key laboratory of food Safety Risk Assessment China National Center for food Safety Risk Assessment

The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems， including cell-based meat， plant-based food products， precision fermentation， and 3D food printing. These advancements pose regulatory challenges and opportunities， with China emerging as a critical player in adopting and regulating new food technologies. This review explores the international landscape of new food sources and production systems， focusing on China’s role and regulatory approaches compared to global practices. Through this comparative analysis， we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on food safety regulation， offering insights and recommendations for policymakers， industry stakeholders， and researchers engaged in the global food system’s evolution. This comprehensive overview underscores the dynamic nature of regulatory frameworks governing NFPS， highlighting the international efforts to ensure food safety， consumer protection， and the sustainable evolution of the food industry.

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Transforming agri-food systems for multiple wins in nutrition,inclusion and environment

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 355-358页

作者： Shenggen Fan Qiran Zhao Jingjing Wang Academy of global food Economics and Policy/College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

The call for agri-food system transformation is urgent in many global development agendas(UN 2023).food systems have contributed to economic prosperity and feeding the world,but they are also associated with numerous challenges,including climate change,continued hunger,poor diets and malnutrition,and increasing disparities(Webb et al.2020;Fanzo et al.2021).

关键词： continued nutrition urgent

global black soil distribution

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 271-281页

作者： Yuxin TONG Marcos E.ANGELINI Yusuf YIGINI Isabel LUOTTO global Soil Partnership Land and Water DivisionFood and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsRome 00153Italy

Black soils, characterized by their thick, dark horizons enriched with organic matter, epitomize highly fertile soils. However, their fertility precipitates intense land use, engendering challenges such as soil erosion, nutrient depletion, pollution, compaction, salinization, and acidification. Notably, these soils are significant contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, primarily due to substantial losses in soil organic carbon. Despite these challenges, black soils are pivotal for global food production. This paper delineates the implementation of digital soil mapping for the global cartography of black soils and human interference on these soils. Predominantly distributed in Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern Asia, and North and South America, black soils cover an approximate area of 725 Mha, with the Russian Federation,Kazakhstan, and China collectively have over half of this area. Agriculturally,these soils underpin significant proportions of global crop yields, producing 66% of sunflower, 30% of wheat, and 26% of potato outputs. The organic carbon content in the upper 30 cm of these soils is estimated at 56 *** management of black soils is imperative for ensuring food security and addressing climate change on a global scale.

关键词： Black soils distribution map food security soil organic carbon

Potential Provoking Effects of Environmental Pollutants on food Allergy:An Issue That Is Gaining Increasing Attention

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China CDC weekly 2024年第24期6卷 585-588页

作者： Yiyun Zhang Lei Zhang Di Wu Yongning Wu School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Nutrition and food Safety Peking Union Medical CollegeResearch Unit of Food SafetyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina NHC Key Lab of food Safety Risk Assessment China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina Institute for global food security School of Biological SciencesQueen’s University Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfastUnited Kingdom

Allergic diseases are widespread globally,affecting over 40%of the *** allergy(FA),characterized by an abnormal immune response to harmless proteins in foods,is one of these prevalent *** estimates suggest that approximately 220 million people worldwide suffer from FA(1).In children,over one-third of parents report their children experiencing hypersensitive reactions to food,with FA affecting around 8%of this demographic.

关键词： diseases Allergy globally

Repositioning fertilizer manufacturing subsidies for improving food security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 430-443页

作者： Zongyi Wu Xiaolong Feng Yumei Zhang Shenggen Fan Academy of global food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

China removed fertilizer manufacturing subsidies from 2015 to 2018 to bolster market-oriented reforms and foster environmentally sustainable ***,the impact of this policy reform on food security and the environment remains inadequately ***,although green and low-carbon technologies offer environmental advantages,their widespread adoption is hindered by prohibitively high *** study analyzes the impact of removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies and explores the potential feasibility of redirecting fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in the diffusion of these *** the China Agricultural University Agri-food Systems model,we analyzed the potential for achieving mutually beneficial outcomes regarding food security and environmental *** findings indicate that removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies has reduced greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from agricultural activities by 3.88 million metric tons,with minimal impact on food *** fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in green and low-carbon technologies,including slow and controlled-release fertilizer,organic-inorganic compound fertilizers,and machine deep placement of fertilizer,emerges as a strategy to concurrently curtail GHG emissions,ensure food security,and secure robust economic ***,we propose a comprehensive set of government interventions,including subsidies,field guidance,and improved extension systems,to promote the widespread adoption of these technologies.

关键词： food security fertilizer manufacturing subsidies agri-food systems greenhouse gas emissions

The multiple roles of crop structural change in productivity,nutrition and environment in China:A decomposition analysis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1763-1773页

作者： Xiangyang Zhang Yumei Zhang Shenggen Fan College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityBejing 100083China Academy of global food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBejing 100083China

China's crop structure has undergone significant changes in the last two decades since 2000,with an increase in the share of cereals,vegetables,and fruit,squeezing out other *** a result,land productivity,nutrient supply,and carbon emissions have *** to reallocate limited farmland among crops to achieve the multiple goals of agrifood systems becomes an important *** study explores the sources of land productivity and nutrition supply growth and carbon emissions reduction,and identifies the multiple roles of crop structural change from 2003 to 2020 based on a decomposition *** results reveal that the growth within crops is still the primary driver in land productivity and nutrition supply and the reduction in carbon ***,structural change also plays various roles at different *** 2003 to 2010,crop structural change increased the total calorie supply but lowered land productivity and contributed at least 70%of the total growth of carbon *** crop structure was relatively stable,and their effects were modest from 2010 to *** 2015 to 2020,the crop structural change began to play a greater role and generate synergistic effects in improving land productivity,micronutrient supply,and reducing carbon emissions,contributing to approximately a quarter of the growth of land productivity and 30%of total carbon emissions *** results suggest that strategies for crop structural change should comprehensively consider its multiple impacts,aiming to achieve co-benefits while minimizing trade-offs.

关键词： crop structural change land productivity nutrition carbon emissions

Impact of climate change on food security in the Central Asian countries

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 268-280页

作者： Fang SU Yu LIU Lvfan CHEN Rustam OROZBAEV Liangcheng TAN School of Economics and Management Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China School of Economics and Management Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China State Key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan Institute of global Environmental change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The current and potential impacts of global warming have generated widespread concerns about food security among all sectors of *** Asian countries located deep in the interior of Asia with fragile ecological environments and lower agricultural technology are particularly more prone to severe threats from climate *** on panel data acquired in five Central Asian countries from 1990 to 2019,a C-D-C model was developed to study how climate change affects food security in the region and to predict future *** study found that the level of food security has generally increased for these five Central Asian countries over the past 30 years,with Kazakhstan and Tajikistan having the highest and lowest food security levels,*** average annual temperature and precipitation exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with the region’s food security,with the most positive effect on the food security of *** high and low temperatures have significantly affected food security in the studied region,with Turkmenistan experiencing the most significant negative *** number of frost days had no significant effect on food *** analysis of future climate showed that the temperature and precipitation in Central Asia will continue to increase from 2030 to 2090,which will negatively impact the food security of these *** is recommended that the Central Asian countries enhance their understanding of climate risks,strengthen scientific climate research,and develop multiple adaptation strategies in ***,they are encouraged to consolidate international cooperation,reducing greenhouse gas emissions effectively and maintaining the ability to ensure food security.

关键词： global warming Extreme climate food security Future forecasts Five Central Asian countries

global patterns and ecological drivers of taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism in angiosperm genera

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 149-157页

作者： Hong Qian Brent D.Mishler Jian Zhang Shenhua Qian Research and Collections Center Illinois State Museum1011 East Ash StreetSpringfieldIL 62703USA University and Jepson Herbaria Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-2465USA Center for global change and Complex Ecosystems Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological security Shanghai 200092China Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Endemism of lineages lies at the core of understanding variation in community composition among geographic regions because it reflects how speciation,extinction,and dispersal have influenced current ***,we investigated geographic patterns and ecological drivers of taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism of angiosperm genera across the *** identify centers of paleo-endemism and neo-endemism of angiosperm genera,and show that they are mostly located in the Southern Hemisphere in tropical and subtropical regions,particularly in Asia and *** categories of phylogenetic endemism centers can be differentiated using current climate *** climate,historical climate change,and geographic variables together explained~80%of global variation in taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism,while 42-46%,1%,and 15%were independently explained by these three types of variables,*** our findings show that past climate change,current climate,and geography act together in shaping endemism,which are consistent with the findings of previous studies that higher temperature and topographic heterogeneity promote *** study showed that many centers of phylogenetic endemism of angiosperms,including regions in Amazonia,Venezuela,and west-central tropical Africa that have not previously been identified as biodiversity hotspots,are missed by taxon-based measures of endemism,indicating the importance of including evolutionary history in biodiversity assessment.

关键词： Angiosperm Current climate Endemism Historical climate change Topographic heterogeneity