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The Alpe Arami Story: Triumph of Data over Prejudice

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第5期21卷 731-743页

作者： Harry W Green II Larissa F Dobrzhinetskaya Krassimir N Bozhilov Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Department of Earth Sciences University of California at Riverside Riverside CA92521 USA Department of Earth Sciences University of California at Riverside Riverside CA92521 USA

The Alpe Arami garnet peridotite of the Southern Swiss Alps is associated with eclogites and included within quartzofeldspathic gneisses. Controversy has swirled around the depth of origin of this massif since the 1970s when application of the newly-developed technique of thermobarometry suggested a depth of last equilibration of greater than 120 kin. Such controversy accelerated in 1996 when we reported microstructural evidence of extensive precipitation of ilmenite and spinel from olivine and proposed a much greater depth of origin. Subsequent experiments showed that it was possible to dissolve the observed amount of TiO2 in olivine, but only at depths in excess of 300 kin, agreeing with the earlier proposal. In 1999 we added new, independent, evidence concerning exsolution of high-pressure clinoenstatite from diopside that in-and-of-itself required a depth of origin in excess of 250 km. Subsequently, we also added evidence from the surrounding eclogites of very high pressures and experimental evidence that the pyroxenes included in the amoeboid garnets of this rock had exsolved from a majoritic parent at perhaps even greater pressures. In refutation of the first two of these observations, suggestions were made that （i） we had made a serious error in our estimate of how much ilmenite was present in olivine （and therefore how much TiO2 had been dissolved in olivine）; （ii） the ilmenite had not been exsolved from olivine but former titanian clinohumite had been present and broke down to yield the ilmenite; （iii） the pyroxene exsolved from diopside had been high-temperature clinoenstatite. In all three of these cases, the alternatives offered were claimed to be accommodated at low pressures. Here we review the essence of this controversy and show that the only scenario that can explain all of the data is the one that we originally proposed; indeed, the more recent data have strongly supported that interpretation and pushed the minimum origin of the massif to depths ap

关键词： Alpe Arami TiO2 in olivine high-pressure clinoenstatite deep exhumation.

Hydroxyl induced eclogite fabric and deformation mechanism

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第7期50卷 685-690页

作者： ZHANGJunfeng JINZhenmin HarryW.GreenII FacultyofEarthSciences ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesWuhan430074China//InstituteofGeophysics&PlanetaryPhysicsandDepartmentofEarthSciencesRiversideCA92521USA FacultyofEarthSciences ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesWuhan430074China InstituteofGeophysics&PlanetaryPhysicsandDepartmentofEarthSciences RiversideCA92521USA

Eclogites from orogens often show strong plastic deformation and high hydroxyl content. We have studied the correlation between crystallographic preferred orientations of garnet and omphacite from natural eclogites with their hydroxyl contents using the electron back-scat- tered diffraction technique. The results show: 1) Omphacite has typical L-type or SL-type crystrallographic preferred orientations, that is, [001] is distributed in a girdle in the foliation plane with a maximum parallel to lineation; (010) is distributed in a girdle normal to the lineation with a maxi- mum parallel to the foliation plane, suggesting a shear dominant deformation regime. Omphacite fabrics do not vary significantly with hydroxyl content, although the hy- drous component may cause lower flow strength. 2) Hy- droxyl can influence significantly flow properties of garnet in eclogite. Garnets behave as rigid bodies under low tempera- ture and dry conditions. Grain boundary processes will dominate the deformation and lower the flow strength of garnet under high water fugacity conditions. Garnets show no crystallographic preferred orientation in both cases. These results may have important implications for a better understanding of deformation mechanisms and associated fluid activities during deep subduction and exhumation processes.

关键词：榴辉岩变形机理羟基流变学岩石微观结构

Photochemistry of insecticide imidacloprid: direct and sensitized photolysis in aqueous medium

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第4期16卷 539-542页

作者： ZHENGWei LIUWei-ping WENYue-zhong Sang-jinLee InstituteofEnvironmentalScience ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences UniversityofCaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA LouisianaWaterResourcesResearchInstitute LouisianaStateUniversityBatonRougeLA70803USA

The direct and sensitized photodegradations of imidacloprid, 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridinylmethyl)-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine, were investigated in aqueous solution and with and without various photo-sensitizers. Results of the study revealed that the intensity of lamp-house and irradiation wavelength had significant effects on the photolysis of imidacloprid. Complete degradation of 20 mg/L imidacloprid in aqueous phase was observed in 40 min under ultraviolet(UV) irradiation system, suggesting the ultraviolet ray played significant role in direct photolysis of imidacloprid. The additions of various photo-sensitizers lead to improve the degradation efficiency of imidacloprid under the irradiation of black light fluorescent lamp. TiO 2 was the most efficient in the photo-catalytic degradation of imidacloprid among other photo-sensitizers in used this study. However, addition of acetone inhibited the photolysis of imidacloprid under the irradiation of UV, indicating the occurrence of competition between acetone and imidacloprid for photos. Mineralization of the imidacloprid was examined to clarify the final photochemical degradation products of the insecticide which were CO 2, Cl- and NO- 3. Complete photo-oxidation of nitrogen to NO- 3 occurred very slowly via the intermediate formation of NH+ 4 and NO- 2.

关键词： imidacloprid photolysis photo-sensitizers photo-oxidation mineralization

Output Feedback Robust H_(∞) Control for Discrete 2D Switched Systems

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第10期39卷 69-85页

作者： Wenjun Gao Yang Yang Hongtao Duan Mingsheng Li Jinrong Ma Songwei Jin School of Electronic Information and Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun130000China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA

The two-dimensional(2-D)system has a wide range of applications in different fields,including satellite meteorological maps,process control,and digital ***,the research on the stability of 2-D systems is of great *** that multiple systems exist in switching and alternating work in the actual production process,but the system itself often has external perturbation and *** solve the above problems,this paper investigates the output feedback robust H_(∞)stabilization for a class of discrete-time 2-D switched systems,which the Roesser model with uncertainties ***,sufficient conditions for exponential stability are derived via the average dwell time method,when the system’s interference and external input are ***,in the case of introducing the external interference,the weighted robust H_(∞)disturbance attenuation performance of the underlying system is further *** output feedback controller is then proposed to guarantee that the resulting closed-loop system is exponentially stable and has a prescribed disturbance attenuation levelγ.All theorems mentioned in the article will also be given in the form of linear matrix inequalities(LMI).Finally,a numerical example is given,which takes two uncertain values respectively and solves the output feedback controller’s parameters by the theorem proposed in the *** to the required controller parameter values,the validity of the theorem proposed in the article is compared and verified by simulation.

关键词： 2-D systems robust H_(∞)control LMI output feedback switched systems Roesser model

Quantitative analysis of FRET assay in biology New developments in protein interaction affinity and protease kinetics determinations in the SUMOylation cascade

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第1期7卷 57-64页

作者： Yan LIU Yang SONG Ling JIANG Jiayu LIA Department of Bioengineering Bourns College of Engineering University of California at Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA92521 USA

Forster resonance energy transfer （FRET） techniques have been widely used in biological studies in vitro andin vivo and are powerful tools for elucidating protein interactions in many regulatory cascades. FRET occurs between oscillating dipoles of two fluorophores with overlapping emission and excitation wavelengths and is dependent on the spectroscopic and geometric properties of the donor-acceptor pair. Various efforts have been made to develop quantitative FRET methods to accurately determine the interaction affinity and kinetics parameters. SUMOylation is an important post-translational protein modification with key roles in multiple biological processes. Conjugating SUMO to substrates requires an enzymatic cascade. Sentrin/SUMO-specific proteases （SENP） act as endopeptidases to process the pre-SUMO or an isopeptidase to deconjugate SUMO from its substrate. Here we also summarize recent developments of theoretical and experimental procedures for determining the protein interaction dissociation constant, Kd, and protease kinetics parameters, kcat and Kin, in the SUMOylation pathway. The general principles of these quantitative FRET-based measurements can be applied to other protein interactions and proteases.

关键词： quantitative FRET analysis protein affinity determination kinetics analysis

Verbumculus and the Discovery of Unusual Words

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2004年第1期19卷 22-41页

作者： AlbertoApostolico Fang-ChengGong StefanoLonardi DipartimentodiIngegneriadell＇Informazione UniversitddiPadovaPadovaItaly CeleraGenomics 45W.GudeDriveRockviUeMD20850U.S.A. DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering UniversityofCaliforniaRiversideCA92521U.S.A.

Measures relating word frequencies and expectations have been constantly ofinterest in Bioinformatics studies. With sequence data becoming massively available, exhaustiveenumeration of such measures have become conceivable, and yet pose significant computational burdeneven when limited to words of bounded maximum length. In addition, the display of the huge tablespossibly resulting from these counts poses practical problems of visualization and *** is a suite of software tools for the efficient and fast detection of over- orunder-represented words in nucleotide sequences. The inner core of VERBUMCULUS rests on subtlyinterwoven properties of statistics, pattern matching and combinatorics on words, that enable one tolimit drastically and a priori the set of over-or under-represented candidate words of all lengthsin a given sequence, thereby rendering it more feasible both to detect and visualize such words in afast and practically useful way. This paper is devoted to the description of the facility at theoutset and to report experimental results, ranging from simulations on synthetic data to thediscovery of regulatory elements on the upstream regions of a set of genes of the yeast.

关键词： verbumculus unusual words subword statistics pattern discovery regulatoryelements suffix trees

RIP1 （ROP Interactive Partner 1）/ICR1 Marks Pollen Germination Sites and May Act in the ROP1 Pathway in the Control of Polarized Pollen Growth

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 1021-1035页

作者： Shundai Li Ying Gu An Yan Elizabeth Lord Zhen-Biao Yang Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute of Integrative Genome Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA92521 USA Present address: Energy Biosciences Institute University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Rho family small GTPases are universal signaling switches in the control of cell polarity in eukaryotic cells. Their polar distribution to the cell cortex is critical for the execution of their functions, yet the mechanism for this distribution is poorly understood. Using a yeast two-hybrid method, we identified RIP1 （ROP interactive partner 1）, which belongs to a family of five members of novel proteins that share a C-terminal region that interacts with ROP. When expressed in Arabidopsis pollen, green fluorescence protein GFP-tagged RIP1 was localized to the nucleus of mature pollen. When pollen grains were hydrated in germination medium, GFP-RIP1 switched from the nucleus to the cell cortex at the future pollen germination site and was maintained in the apical cortex of germinating pollen and growing pollen tubes. RIP1 was found to interact with ROP1 in pollen tubes, and the cortical RIP1 localization was influenced by the activity of ROP1. Overexpression of RIP1 induced growth depolarization in pollen tubes, a phenotype similar to that induced by ROP1 overexpression. Interestingly, RIP1 overexpression enhanced GFP-ROP1 recruitment to the plasma membrane （PM） of pollen tubes. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that RIP1 is involved in the positive feedback regulation of ROP1 localization to the PM, leading to the establishment of a polar site for pollen germination and pollen tube growth.

关键词： RIP1 Pollen Germination Polarized Pollen Growth Control

Decoding complexity: the need to enhance precision and streamline spatial understanding in neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 801-802页

作者： Sameehan Mahajani Armita Salahi Brenda Gonzalez Charlotte Nelson Frank Hsiung Biology&Applications Division NodexusSan JoseCAUSA

Neuroscience is the ultimate frontier in our quest for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Since its launch in 2009, the Human Connectome Project has emerged as a pioneering force, making heroic strides i... 详细信息

关键词： behavior frontier dating

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor plays with TRiC:focus on synaptic dysfunction in Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2919-2920页

作者： Yingli Gu Kijung Sung Chengbiao Wu Department of Neurosciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)exerts pleiotropic effects on brain processes including psychiatric disorders,aging,neurodegeneration,and metabolic homeostasis.A simple PubMed search using the key word“BDNF,”to date,yields over 33,000 *** fundamental biology to potential therapeutic applications,BDNF has clearly garnered extensive and significant attention in the field of neurobiology research.

关键词： Huntington homeostasis therapeutic