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Prevalence and ecological factors affecting the distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in Prunus groves in Spain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 566-589页

作者： Ilenia clavero-camacho Antonio Archidona-Yuste carolina cantalapiedra-Navarrete Pablo castillo Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius institute for Sustainable Agriculture(IAS) Spanish National Research Council(CSIC)Córdoba 14004Spain Andalusian institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training(IFAPA) Centro Alameda del ObispoCórdoba 14004Spain

A wide survey was conducted to study plant-parasitic nematodes(PPNs)associated with Prunus groves in *** research aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of PPNs in Prunus groves,as well as the influence of explanatory variables describing soil,climate and agricultural management in structuring the variation of PPNs community composition.A total of 218 sampling sites were surveyed and 84 PPN species belonging to 32 genera were identified based of an integrative taxonomic *** species considered as potential limiting factors in Prunus production,such as Meloidogyne arenaria,***,***,Pratylenchus penetrans and ***,were identified in this *** soil physico-chemical(c,Mg,N,Na,OM,P,pH and clay,loamy sand and sandy loam texture classes),four climate(Bio04,Bio05,Bio13 and Bio14)and four agricultural management variables(grove-use history less than 10 years,irrigation,apricot seedling rootstock,and Montclar rootstock)were identified as the most influential variables driving spatial patterns of PPNs *** particular,younger plantations showed higher values for species richness and diversity indices than groves cultivated for more than 20 years with Prunus *** study increases the knowledge of the distribution and prevalence of PPNs associated with Prunus rhizosphere,as well as on the influence of explanatory variables driving the spatial structure PPNs communities,which has important implications for the successful design of sustainable management strategies in the future in this agricultural system.

关键词： nematodes Meloidogyne Pratylenchus Paratylenchus rootstock distribution soil grove-use almond peach

Deformation and stability of the seawall,considering the strength uncertainty of cement mixing piles

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第6期25卷 483-501页

作者： Yuansheng YU Lingling LI Xiangmiao kONG chengyuan LI Zhen GUO key Laboratory of Offshore Geotechnics and Material of Zhejiang Province College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Hainan institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya572000China Ninghai Highway and Transportation management center Ningbo315600China Ninghai Traffic Engineering construction management institute Ningbo315600China

The cement mixing (cM) pile is a common method of improving soft offshore ground. The strength growth of cM piles under complex conditions is affected by many factors, especially the cement and moisture contents, and shows significant uncertainty. To investigate the stochasticity of the early strength of cM piles and its impact on the displacement and stability of a seawall, a series of laboratory tests and numerical analyses were carried out in this study. Vane shear tests were conducted on the cement-solidified soil to determine the relationships between the undrained shear strength s_(u) of the cement soil curing in the seawater and the cement content a_(c), as well as the in situ soil moisture content w. It can be inferred that the 24 h undrained shear strength follows a normal distribution. A numerical model considering the random cM pile strength was established to investigate the deformation of the seawall. Due to the uncertainty of cM pile strength, the displacement of the seawall demonstrates a certain discreteness. The decrease of the mean undrained shear strength of cM piles causes a corresponding increase in the average displacement of the seawall. When the mean strength of cM piles is lower than a certain threshold, there is a risk of instability. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of the strength within an individual cM pile also has an impact on seawall displacement. Attention should be paid to the uncertainty of cM pile strength to control displacement and stability.

关键词： construction uncertainty cement mixing(cM)pile Strength of cement soil Seawall stability Random finite element method(RFEM) Monte carlo simulation(McS)

Impact of climate change on food security in the central Asian countries

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 268-280页

作者： Fang SU Yu LIU Lvfan cHEN Rustam OROZBAEV Liangcheng TAN School of Economics and management Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China School of Economics and management Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China State key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan institute of Global Environmental change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The current and potential impacts of global warming have generated widespread concerns about food security among all sectors of *** Asian countries located deep in the interior of Asia with fragile ecological environments and lower agricultural technology are particularly more prone to severe threats from climate *** on panel data acquired in five central Asian countries from 1990 to 2019,a c-D-c model was developed to study how climate change affects food security in the region and to predict future *** study found that the level of food security has generally increased for these five central Asian countries over the past 30 years,with kazakhstan and Tajikistan having the highest and lowest food security levels,*** average annual temperature and precipitation exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with the region’s food security,with the most positive effect on the food security of *** high and low temperatures have significantly affected food security in the studied region,with Turkmenistan experiencing the most significant negative *** number of frost days had no significant effect on food *** analysis of future climate showed that the temperature and precipitation in central Asia will continue to increase from 2030 to 2090,which will negatively impact the food security of these *** is recommended that the central Asian countries enhance their understanding of climate risks,strengthen scientific climate research,and develop multiple adaptation strategies in ***,they are encouraged to consolidate international cooperation,reducing greenhouse gas emissions effectively and maintaining the ability to ensure food security.

关键词： Global warming Extreme climate Food security Future forecasts Five central Asian countries

Fundamentals,recent developments and prospects of lithium and non-lithium electrochemical rechargeable battery systems

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2023年第6期81卷 221-259,I0007页

作者： Maitri Patel kuldeep Mishra Ranjita Banerjee Jigar chaudhari D.k.kanchan Deepak kumar Gujarat Technological University AhmedabadGujarat 382424India Electronics and Mechanical Engineering School VadodaraGujarat 390008India Department of Physics Jaypee UniversityAnoopshahrUttar Pradesh 203390India c.k.shah viapurwala institute of management VadodaraGujarat 390001India Vishwakarma Government Engineering college AhmedabadGujarat 382424India ITM(SLS) Baroda UniversityPaldiVadodaraGujarat 391510India

The present and future energy requirements of mankind can be fulfilled with sustained research and development efforts by global *** purpose of this review paper is to provide an overview of the fundamentals,recent advancements on Lithium and non-Lithium electrochemical rechargeable battery systems,and their future *** initial part of this review paper is dedicated to the advancement and challenges faced by the conventional rechargeable batteries,such as lead-acid,Ni-cd and Ni-MH *** subsequent section of this review focuses on an in-depth analysis of two major categories of rechargeable batteries,namely lithium-based rechargeable battery systems and alternative non-Lithium rechargeable battery *** working principle,construction,and a few important research progress on Li-ion,Li-O_(2),Li-cO_(2) and Li-S batteries have been *** recent progress and challenges of the alternate batteries such as Na-ion,Na-S,Mg-ion,k-ion,Al-ion,Al-air,Zn-ion and Zn-air are also discussed in this *** large gap between theoretical and practical electrochemical values for the alternate battery system must be filled by adopting a series of design architectures followed by modern instrumentation for developing next-generation batteries in a sustainable and efficient way.

关键词： conventional rechargeable batteries Li-ion batteries Li-S batteries Li-air battery Other than Lithium batteries Alternate battery systems

Physical-Rheological Properties and Performances of Rejuvenated(Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene)Asphalt with Polymerized-MDI and Aromatic Oil

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1633-1646页

作者： Ao Lu Ming Xiong chen chen Liangjiang Li Haibei Tan Xiong Xu Hubei Regional management Headquarters CCCC Asset Management Co.Ltd.Beijing101399China School of civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430073China Hubei Provincial Engineering Research center for Green civil Engineering Materials and Structures Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430073China

Traditional asphalt rejuvenators,like aromatic oil(AO),are known to be effective in improving the low-temperature properties and fatigue performances of aged SBS(styrene-butadiene-styrene)modified asphalt(SBSMA)binders and ***,these rejuvenators inevitably compromise their high-temperature properties and deformation resistances because they dilute asphalt binder but do not fix the damaged structures of aged *** this study,a highly-active chemical called polymerized 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(PMDI)was used to assist the traditional AO asphalt *** physical and rheological characteristics of rejuvenated SBSMA binders and the moisture-induced damage and rut deformation performances of corresponding mixtures were comparatively *** results showed that the increasing proportion of AO compromises the hightemperature property and hardness of aged SBSMA binder,and an appropriate amount of PMDI works to compensate such losses;3%rejuvenator at mass ratio of AO:PMDI=70:30 can have a rejuvenated SBSMA binder with a high-temperature performance similar to that of fresh binder,approximately at 71.4°c;the use of AO can help reduce the viscosity of PMDI rejuvenated SBSMA binder for improving its workability;PMDI can help improve the resistance of AO rejuvenated SBSMA binder to deformation,especially at elevated temperatures,through its chemical reactions with aged SBS;moisture induction can enhance the resistance to damage of rejuvenated mixtures containing AO/PMDI or only PMDI;and the rejuvenator with a mass ratio of AO:PMDI=70:30 can lead the rejuvenated mixture to meet the application requirement,with a rut depth of only 2.973 mm,although more PMDI can result in a higher resistance of rejuvenated mixtures to high-temperature deformation.

关键词： Aged SBS modified asphalt polymerized 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate aromatic oil physical properties rheological properties mixture performance

Food security amid the cOVID-19 pandemic in central Asia:Evidence from rural Tajikistan

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2853-2867页

作者： Yuhan Zhao chen Qian Yumei Zhang Xiande Li kamiljon T.Akramov institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy College of Economics and ManagementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China International Food Policy Research institute(IFPRI) WashingtonD.C.20005USA

Food security has been long understudied in the context of central *** present an analysis examining household-level food demand for Tajikistan and assessing the magnitude of its food security changes during the cOVID-19 *** on an extensive household survey data set from Tajikistan,we estimate the expenditure,income,and price elasticities for nine food categories using the QUAIDS ***,we develop a microsimulation model using the estimated elasticities to assess the dual impact of declining remittance income and rising food prices stemming from the pandemic *** are significant differences in demand elasticities across food groups,with high elasticities observed for nutritious foods,such as meat,fruit,eggs,and milk,in rural ***,our findings show that changes in remittance income and food prices significantly negatively affected food security for rural households during the cOVID-19 *** findings have important implications for policymakers concerned about rural livelihoods and food security in remittance-receiving economies during the post-pandemic period.

关键词： international remittances food security cOVID-19 Tajikistan central Asia

comparative Experimental Study on Heat Transfer characteristics of Building Exterior Surface at High and Low Altitudes

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1119-1131页

作者： JIA Yonghong GUO Shurui LI Jin GUO Lei cHENG Zhu ZHANG Yin YANG Hanyu LONG Enshen institute for Disaster management and Reconstruction Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China MOE key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

The external surface heat transfer coefficient of building envelope is one of the important parameters necessary for building energy saving design,but the basic data in high-altitude area are ***,the authors propose a modified measurement method based on the heat balance of a model building,and use the same model building to measure its external surface heat transfer coefficient under outdoor conditions in chengdu city,china at an altitude of 520 m and Daocheng city at an altitude of 3750 m *** results show that the total heat transfer coefficient(h_(t))of building surface in high-altitude area is reduced by 34.48%.The influence of outdoor wind speed on the convective heat transfer coefficient(h_(c))in high-altitude area is not as significant as that in low-altitude *** fitting relation between convection heat transfer coefficient and outdoor wind speed is also *** the same heating power,the average temperature rise of indoor and outdoor air at highaltitude is 41.9%higher than that at low altitude,and the average temperature rise of inner wall is 25.8%higher than that at low *** shows that high-altitude area can create a more comfortable indoor thermal environment than low-altitude area under the same energy consumption *** is not appropriate to use the heat transfer characteristics of the exterior surface of buildings in low-altitude area for building energy saving design and related heating equipment selection and system terminal matching design in high-altitude area.

关键词： altitude heat transfer characteristics convective heat transfer coefficient(h_(c)) radiative heat transfer coefficient(h_(r)) external building envelope

computational Experiments for complex Social Systems:Experiment Design and Generative Explanation

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IEEE/cAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 1022-1038页

作者： Xiao Xue Deyu Zhou Xiangning Yu Gang Wang Juanjuan Li Xia Xie Lizhen cui Fei-Yue Wang the School of computer Software College of Intelligence and ComputingTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China the School of Software and the Joint SDUNTU centre for Artificial Intelligence Research(c-FAIR) Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China the Information School Xi’an University of Financial and EconomicsXi’an 710100China the State key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Hainan University Haikou 570228China the State key Laboratory for management and control of complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 1001901China

Powered by advanced information technology,more and more complex systems are exhibiting characteristics of the cyber-physical-social systems(cPSS).In this context,computational experiments method has emerged as a novel approach for the design,analysis,management,control,and integration of cPSS,which can realize the causal analysis of complex systems by means of“algorithmization”of“counterfactuals”.However,because cPSS involve human and social factors(e.g.,autonomy,initiative,and sociality),it is difficult for traditional design of experiment(DOE)methods to achieve the generative explanation of system *** address this challenge,this paper proposes an integrated approach to the design of computational experiments,incorporating three key modules:1)Descriptive module:Determining the influencing factors and response variables of the system by means of the modeling of an artificial society;2)Interpretative module:Selecting factorial experimental design solution to identify the relationship between influencing factors and macro phenomena;3)Predictive module:Building a meta-model that is equivalent to artificial society to explore its operating ***,a case study of crowd-sourcing platforms is presented to illustrate the application process and effectiveness of the proposed approach,which can reveal the social impact of algorithmic behavior on“rider race”.

关键词： Agent-based modeling computational experiments cyber-physical-social systems(cPSS) generative deduction generative experiments meta model

Numerical Simulation of the Seismic Response of a Horizontal Storage Tank Based on a SPH-FEM coupling Method

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computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1655-1678页

作者： Peilei Yan Endong Guo HouliWu Liangchao Zhang key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin150080China key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin150080China

A coupled numerical calculation method combining smooth particle hydrodynamics(SPH)and the finite element method(FEM)was implemented to investigate the seismic response of horizontal storage *** of a horizontal storage tank featuring a free liquid surface under seismic action was constructed using the SPH–FEM coupling *** stored liquid was discretized using SPH particles,while the tank and supports were discretized using the *** interaction between the stored liquid and the tank was simulated by using the meshless particle contact ***,the numerical simulation results were compared and analyzed against seismic simulation shaking table test data to validate the ***,a series of numerical models,considering different liquid storage volumes and seismic effects,were constructed to obtain time history data of base shear and top center displacement,which revealed the seismic performance of horizontal storage *** simulation results and experimental data showed good agreement,with an error rate of less than 18.85%.And this conformity signifies the rationality of the SPH-FEM coupling *** base shear and top center displacement values obtained by the coupled SPH-FEM method were only 53.3% to 69.1% of those calculated by the equivalent mass method employed in the current *** the stored liquid volume increased,the seismic response of the horizontal storage tank exhibited a gradual upward trend,with the seismic response increasing from 73% to 388% for every 35% increase in stored liquid *** maximum von Mises stress of the tank and the supports remained below the steel yield strength during the *** coupled SPH-FEM method holds certain advantages in studying the seismic problems of tanks with complex structural forms,particularly due to the representation of the flow field distribution during earthquakes by involving reservoir fluid participation.

关键词： SPH-FEM coupling method horizontal storage tank seismic response sloshing