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Soil protists: An untapped microbial resource of agriculture and environmental importance

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Pedosphere 2022年第1期32卷 184-197页

作者： Komal A.cHANDARANA Natarajan AMARESAN c.g.bhakta institute of biotechnology Uka Tarsadia UniversityMaliba CampusBardoliSurat 394350India

Protists are essential components of soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. They play a vital role in the microbial food web as consumers of bacteria, fungi, and other small eukaryotes and are also involved in maintaining soil fertility and plant productivity. Protists also contribute to regulating and shaping the bacterial community in terrestrial ecosystems via specific prey spectra. They play a role in plant growth promotion and plant health improvement,mostly via nutrient cycling, grazing, and the activation of bacterial genes required for plant growth and phytopathogen suppression. Thus, protists may prove to be a useful inoculant as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent. They can also be applied as model organisms as bioindicators of soil health. Despite their usefulness and essentiality, they are often forgotten and under-researched components of the soil microbiome, as most of our research focuses on bacteria and fungi. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of protists in plant productivity and plant health management and in shifts in soil bacterial community composition, as well as their roles as bioindicator. We also discuss the perspectives of knowledge gaps and future prospects to further improve soil *** research in soil protistology will provide insights into sustainable agriculture and environmental health alongside the study of bacteria and fungi.

关键词： bacterial community bioindicator microbial food web plant health plant productivity soil biodiversity soil health soil microbiome

Protist and Plant growth-Promoting Bacterium Interaction Alters gH3-2 Expression and Enhances Nutrient content in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 134-138,I0017-I0019页

作者： Komal A.cHANDARANA Natarajan AMARESAN c.g.bhakta institute of biotechnology UkaTarsadia UniversityMaliba CampusBardoliSurat 394350GujaratIndia

The present study aimed to assess the interactive effects of four plant growth-promoting bacterium(PgPB)species[Providencia sp.(Pr),Stenotrophomonas sp.(St),Morganella sp.(Mo),and Lysinibacillus sp.(Lb)]and six protist species[two amoebae Vermamoeba vermiformis(A9)and Acanthamoeba genotype T4(A34),and four ciliates crytolophosis mucicola(c1),Tetrahymena sp.(c2),colpoda elliotti(c12),and an unidentified genus of the family Kreyellidae(c5)]on the uptake of nutrients and the expression of auxin-responsive gene(gH3-2)in *** findings revealed that rice seedlings grew healthily,and a statistically significant difference was observed after 30 d of incubation in pots under greenhouse conditions treated with each PgPB and protist-PgPB consortia,compared with the untreated control ***,the protist-PgPB treatments were more significant than PgPB treatment *** greatest improvement in rice seedling growth was observed in *** with Stenotrophomonas sp.(c12St)treatment,showing increased root and shoot length(88.57%and 79.69%).

关键词： seedling Plant gH3

Fatty Acid composition of Tobacco Seed Oil and Synthesis of Alkyd Resin

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chinese Journal of chemistry 2007年第5期25卷 705-708页

作者： MUKHTAR, Azam ULLAH, Habib MUKHTAR, Hamid Department of chemistry University of Education Lahore institute of chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore 54600 Pakistan institute of Industrial biotechnology G C. University Lahore 54000 Pakistan

The fatty acid composition of tobacco seed oil revealed that the oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, having linoleic acid （71.63%）, oleic acid （13.46%） and palmitic acid （8.72%） as the most abundant unsaturated and saturated fatty acids respectively. So the tobacco oil was characterized as semi-drying type on the basis of fatty acid composition. The synthesis of alkyd resin was carried out by alcoholysis or monoglyceride process using an alkali refined tobacco seed oil, pentaerythritol, cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride along with lithium hydroxide as catalyst. The alkyd resin so prepared was found to be bright and of low color with high gloss. The drying and hardness properties and adhesion of the tobacco seed oil derived alkyd resin were also found a bit superior to those of other alkyd resins of the same oil length. In addition, the water and acid resistance of the said alkyd was also found comparable to the other alkyds.

关键词： tobacco oil alkyd fatty acid linoleic acid gloss and adhesion

co-administration of cyclosporine A alleviates thioacetamide-induced liver injury

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2005年第10期11卷 1411-1419页

作者： Sabrina Fan ching-Feng Weng institute of biotechnology

AIM: To investigate the effects of cyclosporine A (csA)on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver ***: csA was co-administrated (7.5 μg/kg body weight per day, i.p.) into rat to investigate the role of csA on TAA-(200 mg/kg body weight per 3 d for 30 d, i.p.)induced liver ***: The data show that TAA caused liver fibrosis in rat after 30 d of treatment. csA alleviates the morphological changes of TAA-induced fibrosis in rat liver. The blood glutamyl oxaloacetic transaminase (gOT)/glutamyl pyruvic transaminase (gPT) in the TAA-injury group is elevated compared to that of the normal rat. compared with the TAA-injury group, the blood gOT/gPT and TgFβ1 (by RT-PcR analysis) are reduced in the csA plus TAA-treated rat. The level of the transforming growth factor receptor I (TgFβ-R1) in the csA plus TAA-treated group shows higher than that in the TAA only group, but shows a lower level of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FgFR4)in the csA plus TAA-treated group, when using the Western blot analysis. After immunostaining of the frozen section,TgFβ-R1 and FgFR4 are more concentrated in rat liver after csA plus TAA ***: This result suggests that csA has an alleviated effect on TAA-induced liver injury by increasing the multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein and could be through the regulation of TgFβ-R1 and FgFR4.

关键词： cyclosporine A Thioacetamide Liver injury P-glycoprotein TgFβ1 TgFβ-R1 FgFR4

Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex promotes intestinal development as a new iron supplement

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Science china Life Sciences 2025年第1期 219-231页

作者： Yingying Feng Yuying Wu Jialu Wang Zhenglin Dong Qian Yu Shuangshuang Xia chunxue Liu Haihua Wang Xin Wu Tianjin institute of Industrial biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences cAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences ANYOU biotechnology group co.Ltd Qingdao Seawin Biotech group co. LTD

Iron is a crucial micronutrient, and its deficiency can have detrimental effects on the health of infants. Dietary polysaccharide-iron(Ⅲ) complexes(PIcs) are promising for addressing iron deficiency due to their minimal adverse reactions and high iron absorption rate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex(EP-Fe) on newborns, using 3-day weaned piglets as the iron-deficiency model. Results showed that EP-Fe improved iron levels and promoted intestinal development in piglets. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that EP-Fe increased the survival of intestinal epithelial cells under hypoxia by upregulating the expression of genes that promote the development of the vascular system. Additionally, EP-Fe enhanced the mucosal barrier functions by inhibiting myosin light chain kinase(MLcK)/phosphorylated myosin light chain(p-MLc) signaling pathway to increase the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. Furthermore, the 16S r RNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota showed that EP-Fe promoted the enrichment of Bacteroides＿fragilis and other gut microbes that can metabolize carbohydrates. In conclusion, EP-Fe is an effective iron supplement for newborns, and it can be developed as a comprehensive nutritional supplement.

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Bioaugmentation of a novel bacterial consortium in cotton-planted soil for lambda-cyhalothrin degradation

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Pedosphere 2024年第6期34卷 1100-1110页

作者： Samina ANWAR Anusha LIAQAT Asma MUNIR Muhammad F.ASHRAF Samina IQBAL Soil & Environmental biotechnology Division National Institute for Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering College Pakistan Institute of Engineering &Applied Sciences (NIBGE-CPIEAS) Department of chemistry Government College Women University

Extensive use of lambda-cyhalothrin（Lc） for agricultural and domestic pest control leads to the accumulation of its residues in soil and water,which poses a serious threat to the *** of Lc at the point source is the most effective way to avoid its spread and harmful ***,this study was planned to investigate the potential of indigenously isolated bacteria for the remediation of Lc in cotton-vegetated *** potent Lc-degrading bacteria,Brucella intermedia Halol,Alcaligenes faecalis cH1S,and Aquamicrobium terrae cH1T,were isolated from a pyrethroid-contaminated soil.A consortium cHST comprising these three strains was found to exhibit a higher potential for Lc degradation as compared to the individual *** degradation of Lc by cHST was optimized for four varying factors,i.e.,pH,inoculum density（ID）,carbon source（cS）,and initial pesticide（i.e.,Lc）concentration（Pc）,by applying Taguchi design of *** contributions of these factors to the biodegradation of Lc were found to be in the order of pH> cS> Pc> *** enhanced degradation of Lc（84%） was attained at pH 7.0 in minimum salt medium containing 10 mg L-1Lc and 3% *** consortium cHST was also augmented in sterilized and unsterilized soil microcosms at three Pcs,i.e.,2,5,and 10 mg *** 21 d of incubation,complete Lc degradation was achieved at 2 mg kg-1Pc in sterilized as well as unsterilized soil,whereas at higher Pcs,the extent of degradation was comparatively *** Pc of 5 mg kg-1,88% and 96% Lc degradation were observed in sterilized and unsterilized soils,respectively,compared to 79% and90% degradation at 10 mg kg-1,*** biodegradation,the major metabolite of Lc,i.e.,3-phenoxybenzoic acid,was produced and further *** a cotton-planted soil spiked with 10 mg kg-1Lc,the consortium degraded 91.8% Lc,as well as improving the agronomic parameters of the cotton *** a nutshell,the consortium cHST was found to be a promising

关键词： Bioremediation HPLc analysis 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid Pyrethroids Taguchi design of experiments

Highly Sensitive and Specific Monoclonal Antibody-Based Serological Methods for Rice Ragged Stunt Virus Detection in Rice Plants and Rice Brown Planthopper Vectors

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第9期13卷 1943-1951页

作者： LIU Huan SONg Xi-jiao NI Yue-qun LU Li-na ZHOU Xue-ping WU Jian-xiang institute of biotechnology College of Agriculture & Biotechnology Zhejiang University

Rice ragged stunt virus（RRSV） is a serious rice disease in Asia, causing serious yield losses on rice. The capsid protein（cP） gene of the major outer capsid protein of RRSV was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21（DE3） using the pMAL-c2 X expression vector. The recombinant protein was used as the immunogen to immunize BALB/c mice. A hybridoma cell line 8A12 secreting monoclonal antibody（MAb） against RRSV was obtained by fusing mouse myeloma cells（Sp 2/0） with spleen cells from the immunized BALB/c mice. Western blot analysis showed that the MAb 8A12 can specifically react with RRSV cP. Using the MAb, an antigen-coated-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（AcP-ELISA）, a dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（dot-ELISA）, and immunocapture-RT-PcR（Ic-RT-PcR） assay were developed to detect RRSV. The established AcP-ELISA, dot-blot ELISA and Ic-RT-PcR methods could detect RRSV in infected rice tissue crude extracts with dilutions of 1：40 960, 1：1 280 and 1：655 360（w/v, g mL-1）, respectively. The AcP-ELISA and dot-blot ELISA methods could detect RRSV in infected insect vector crude extracts with dilutions of 1：12 800 and 1：1 600（an individual planthopper μL-1）, respectively. The field survey revealed that Rice ragged stunt disease occurs on rice in Hainan, Yunnan, guangxi, Sichuan, guizhou, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang in china.

关键词： Rice ragged stunt virus rice brown planthopper monoclonal antibody antigen-coated-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(AcP-ELISA) dot-blot ELISA immunocapture RT-PcR

Screening and identification of receptor antagonist for shiga toxin from random peptides displayed on filamentous bacteriophages

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Science china(Life Sciences) 1999年第1期42卷 43-49页

作者：韩照中苏国富黄翠芬 institute of biotechnology Beijing China

The bacteriophage clones which can bind with shiga toxin B subunit (StxB) and inhibit cytotoxicity of shiga toxin were obtained by using antibody capturing method from a 15-mer random peptide library displayed on the surface of bacteriophage fd. Among them, one peptide encoded by the random DNA region of a selected bacteriophage (A12) was synthesized and tested in vitro and in vivo, where the peptide competed with the receptor of shiga toxin to bind StxB, and inhibited the cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity of shiga toxin. The peptide can also block other apparently unrelated StxB binding bacteriophage (A3), which suggests that there are overlapping StxB interaction sites for those ligands with different sequences. The results provide a demonstration of bacteriophage display to screen peptide ligands for a small and/or unable biotinylated molecule by antibodies-capturing strategy, and take the lead for the development of receptor antagonists for shiga toxin.

关键词： bacteriophage display peptide library shiga toxin receptor antagonist.

Screening and identification of Shigella flexneri 2a virulence-related genes induced after invasion of epithelial cells

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2004年第6期47卷 494-502页

作者： SHI Zhaoxing WANg Hengliang HU Kun FENg Erling YAO Xiao HUANg Liuyu SU guofu HUNAg Peitang HUANg cuifen Beijing institute of biotechnology Beijing 100071China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China college of Life Science Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China college of Environmental and chemical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China

An in vivo expression technology (IVET) was applied to screen *** 2a genes induced after invasion of epithelial cells, and virulence-related genes were further identified by mutational analysis. Thirteen intracellular induced genes were identified with a HeLa cell infection model. Of these, two were identified as alkylation-related genes; one was related to metabolism; one encoded a transcriptional regulator; three were identified as insertion elements; three ap- peared to be antisense to genes involved in the transmethylation,biosyntheseis, and phos- photransferase system;and three were predicted to encode polypeptides with unknown functions. Intracellular survival assavs showed that the mutants of alkA,citc and wcaJ genes had lower capability of intracellular replication or survival than the the wild-type *** results indicated that alkA, citc and wcaJ genes could take part in the intracellular survival or replication of S. flexneri 2a and the capability of intracellular survival or replication could be one of the major virulence elements. However, the yaic mutant was able to survive in the murine infection assay but almost not in HeLa cell infection assay. Very possibly, yaic gene was involved in the other mechanism of S. flexneri virulence. This study might lead to a better understanding of the intra- cellular survival or proliferation process of S. flexneri 2a and perhaps provide insights into the pathogenicity of this pathogen.

关键词： Shigella flexneri 2a intracellular induced expression virulence-related genes in vivo expression technology.