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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 483-495页

作者： Tao Lu Fan Lü Nanlin Liao Honghui Chai Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Source Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Zhejiang Qihe Ecological Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310052China

The significant increase in the demand for biomass waste treatment after garbage classification has led to housefly larvae treatment becoming an attractive treatment *** can provide a source of protein while treating biomass waste,which means that nutrients can be returned to the natural food ***,the performance of this technology in terms of its environmental impacts is still unclear,particularly with regards to global warming potential(GWP).This study used a life cycle assessment(LCA)approach to assess a housefly larvae treatment plant with a treatment capacity of 50 tons of biomass waste per *** LCA results showed that the 95% confidence intervals for the GWP in summer and winter were determined to be 24.46-32.81 kg CO_(2) equivalent(CO_(2)-eq)/ton biomass waste and5.37-10.08 kg CO_(2)-eq/ton biomass waste,*** greater GWP value in summer is due to the longer ventilation time and higher ventilation intensity in summer,which consumes more *** main GWP contributions are from(1)electricity needs(accounting for 78.6% of emissions in summer and 70.2%in winter)and(2)product substitution by mature housefly larvae and compost(both summer and winter accounting for 96.8% of carbon reduction).

关键词： Biomass waste Musca domestica Housefly larvae Life cycle assessment Global warming potential

Disentangling the contributions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to soil multifunctionality

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 269-278页

作者： Fayuan WANG Zed RENGEL College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042(China) UWA School of Agriculture and Environment University of Western AustraliaPerth WA 6009(Australia) Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst reclamation Split 21000(Croatia)

Soil multifunctionality represents a range of soil processes driven by the interactions between soil abiotic and biotic *** a group of ubiquitous fungi that form mutualistic symbiotic associations with a vast array of terrestrial plants,arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi may play a critical role in maintaining soil multifunctionality,but the characteristics of their contributions remain to be *** mini review aims to disentangle the contributions of AM fungi to soil *** provide a framework of concepts about AM fungi making crucial contributions to maintaining multiple soil functions,including primary productivity,nutrient cycling,water regulation and purification,carbon and climate regulation,habitat for biodiversity,disease and pest control,and pollutant degradation and detoxification,via a variety of pathways,particularly contributing to soil and plant *** review contends that AM fungi,as a keystone component of soil microbiome,can govern soil multifunctionality,ultimately promoting ecosystem services.

关键词： carbon neutrality ecosystem functions and services nutrient cycling organic matter decomposition soil functions

Corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nanoscale zero-valent iron in water:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 391-406页

作者： Chenliu Tang Xingyu Wang Yufei Zhang Nuo Liu Xiang Hu Research Group of Water Pollution Control and Water reclamation College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

Knowledge on corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)in aquatic environment is particularly significant for understanding the reactivity,longevity and stability of nZVI,as well as providing theoretical guidance for developing a cost-effective nZVI-based technology and designing large-scale ***,this review gives a holistic overview on the corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nZVI in ***,Eh-pH diagram is introduced to predict the thermodynamics trend of iron *** morphological,structural,and compositional evolution of(modified-)nZVI under different environmental conditions,assisted with microscopic and spectroscopic evidence,is then ***,common analytical methods and characterization technologies are categorized to establish time-resolved corrosion kinetics of nZVI in ***,stable models for calculating the corrosion rate constant of nZVI as well as electrochemical methods for monitoring the redox reaction are discussed,emphasizing their capabilities in studying the dynamic iron corrosion ***,in the future,more efforts are encouraged to study the corrosion behaviors of nZVI in long-term practical application and further build nanoparticles with precisely tailored *** expect that our work can deepen the understanding of the nZVI chemistry in aquatic environment.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) Corrosion behaviors Corrosion kinetics nZVI evolution

预处理技术--家庭生物废弃物处理过程中的微塑料制造者

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 116-126页

作者： Tian Hu Fan Lü Zhan Yang Zhenchao Shi Yicheng Yang Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute jiaxing 314000China

Mechanical pretreatment is an indispensable process in biological treatment plants that remove plastics and other impurities from household biogenic waste(HBW).However,the imperfect separation of plastics in these pretreatment methods has raised concerns that they pose a secondary formation risk for microplastics(MPs).To validate this presumption,herein,quantities and properties of plastic debris and MPs larger than 50 μm were examined in the full chain of three different pretreatment methods in six *** facilities received HBW with or without prior depackaging at the *** key points in the secondary formation of MPs were ***,flux estimates of MPs were released,and an analysis of MPs sources was provided to develop an overview of their fate in HBW *** output can contain a maximum of(1673±279) to(3198±263) MP particles per kilogram of wet weight(particles·kg^(-1)ww) for those undepackaged at source,and secondary MPs formation is primarily attributed to biomass crushers,biohydrolysis reactors,and rough ***,HBW depackaged at the source can greatly reduce MPs by 8%-72%,regardless of pretreatment *** pretreatment,4.6-205.6 million MP particles were present in 100 tonnes of *** are produced at a rate of 741.11-33124.22 billion MP particles annually in anaerobic digester feedstock(ADF).This study demonstrated that HBW pretreatment is a competitive source of MPs and emphasized the importance of implementing municipal solid waste segregation at the ***,depackaging biogenic waste at the source is recommended to substantially alleviate the negative effect of pretreatment on MPs formation.

关键词： Microplastics Plastic debris Household biogenic waste Depackage Pretreatment

Dietary crude protein and protein solubility manipulation enhances intestinal nitrogen absorption and mitigates reactive nitrogen emissions through gut microbiota and metabolome reprogramming in sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 57-71页

作者： Zhenbin Zhang Yiquan Sun Xinhuang Zhong Jun Zhu Sihan Yang Yalan Gu Xiang Yu Yue Lu Zhiqi Lu Xuezhao Sun Mengzhi Wang Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009ZhejiangChina State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation SciencesShihezi 832000XinjiangChina Shanghai Frontan Animal Health Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201502China AgResearch(Grasslands Research Centre) Palmerston North4410New Zealand

Dietary nutrient manipulation(*** fractions)could lower the environmental footprints of ruminants,especially reactive nitrogen(N).This study investigated the impacts of dietary soluble protein(SP)levels with decreased crude protein(CP)on intestinal N absorption,hindgut N metabolism,fecal microbiota and metabolites,and their linkage with N metabolism ***-two male Hu sheep,with an age of six months and an initial BW of 40.37±1.18 kg,were randomly assigned to four dietary *** control diet(CON),aligning with NRC standards,maintained a CP content of 16.7%on a dry matter ***,the experimental diets(LPA,LPB,and LPC)featured a 10%reduction in CP compared with CON,accompanied by SP adjustments to 21.2%,25.9%,and 29.4%of CP,*** results showed that low-protein diets led to significant reductions in the concentrations of plasma creatinine,ammonia,urea N,and fecal total short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)(P<0.05).Notably,LPB and LPC exhibited increased total SCFA and propionate concentrations compared with LPA(P<0.05).The enrichment of the Prevotella genus in fecal microbiota associated with energy metabolism and amino acid(AA)biosynthesis pathways was evident with SP levels in low-protein diets of approximately 25%to 30%.Moreover,LPB and LPC diets demonstrated a decrease in fecal NHþ4 eN and NO2 eN contents as well as urease activity,compared with CON(P<0.05).Concomitantly,reductions in fecal glutamic acid dehydrogenase gene(gdh),nitrite reductase gene(nirS),and nitric oxide reductase gene(norB)abundances were observed(P<0.05),pointing towards a potential reduction in reactive N production at the *** significance,the up-regulation of mRNA abundance of AA and peptide transporters in the small intestine(duodenum,jejunum,and ileum)and the elevated concentration of plasma AA(***,methionine,aspartate,glutamate,etc.)underscored the enhancement of N absorption and N *** summary,a 10%reduction in CP,coupled with an

关键词： Soluble protein Low-protein diet Nitrogen metabolism Reactive nitrogen Fecal microbiota and metabolome Energy and nitrogen utilization efficiency

Modelling of meander migration in an incised channel

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第4期29卷 441-453页

作者： Jianchun HUANG Blair P.GREIMANN Timothy J.RANDLE Hydraulic Engineers Sedimentation and River Hydraulics GroupTechnical Service CenterBureau of Reclamation

An updated linear computer model for meandering rivers with incision has been *** model simulates the bed topography,flow field,and bank erosion rate in an incised meandering *** a scenario where the upstream sediment load decreases(e.g.,after dam closure or soil conservation),alluvial river experiences cross section deepening and slope *** channel migration rate might be affected in two ways:decreased channel slope and steeped bank *** proposed numerical model combines the traditional one-dimensional(1D) sediment transport model in simulating the channel erosion and the linear model for channel meandering.A non-equilibrium sediment transport model is used to update the channel bed elevation and gradations.A linear meandering model was used to calculate the channel alignment and bank erosion/accretion,which in turn was used by the 1D sediment transport *** the 1D sediment transport model,the channel bed elevation and gradations are representedin each channel cross *** the meandering model,the bed elevation and gradations are stored in two dimensional(2D) cells to represent the channel and terrain properties(elevation and gradation).A new method is proposed to exchange information regarding bed elevations and bed material fractions between 1D river geometry and 2D channel and *** ability of the model is demonstrated using the simulation of the laboratory channel migration of Friedkin in which channel incision occurs at the upstream end.

关键词： Numerical model River channel migration Meandering river Linearization analysis Sediment transport

Key Physical Factors Affecting Spatial-temporal Variation of Labile Organic Carbon Fractions by Biochar Driven in Mollisols Region of Northeast China

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2024年第1期31卷 28-41页

作者： Zhao Wei Liang Fangyuan Liang Ying Zhao Hongrui Hao Shuai Wang Hongyan Wang Daqing College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Ulanqab Science and Technology Development Center Ulanqab 012000XinjiangChina Heilongjiang Agricultural reclamation Economic Research Institute Harbin 150090China

Biochar is widely used to improve soil physical properties and carbon sequestration. However, few studies focuse on the impact of maize stalk biochar on labile organic carbon(LOC) pool and the relationship between physical properties and LOC fractions. A field positioning experiment was performed in Mollisols region of Northeast China to evaluate the influence of maize stalk biochar on the spatial distribution and temporal changes of physical properties and LOC fractions. Maize stalk biochar treatments included C1(1.5 kg·hm^(-2)), C2(3 kg·hm^(-2)), C3(15 kg·hm^(-2)), C4(30 kg·hm^(-2)), and CK(0). The results showed that maize stalk biochar increased soil water contents(SWC) and soil porosity(SP), but reduced bulk density(BD). Maize stalk biochar reduced dissolved organic carbon(DOC) contents in the 0-20 cm soil layer, ranging from 0.25 g·kg^(-1) to 0.31 g·kg^(-1) in harvest period, while increased in the 20-40 cm soil layer. In addition, the application of biochar had a significant impact on the spatial distribution and temporal change of SWC, BD, SP, DOC, hot-water extractable carbon(HWC), acid hydrolyzed organic carbon(AHC Ⅰ, Ⅱ), and readily oxidized organic carbon(ROC). High amounts of maize stalk biochar up-regulated the contents of soil organic carbon SOC, HWC, AHC Ⅰ, AHC Ⅱ, and ROC. In addition, SWC and SP were the key physical factors to affect LOC fractions. In conclusions, maize stalk biochar could improve physical properties, and then influence LOC fractions, and maize stalk biochar could be used as an organic amendment for restoring degraded soils governed by their rates of addition.

关键词： maize stalk biochar labile organic carbon fraction Mollisols region soil physical property dissolved organic carbon

Breeding Method of Spring-Sown Maize in Northern China

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2024年第4期15卷 33-36页

作者： Honglin HU Tao GUAN Qingfeng GUO Weizheng GAO Yanli LI Kuo ZHANG Chenglong WU Wei WANG Heilongjiang Academy of Land reclamation Sciences Jiamusi 154007China Jiamusi Maize Experiment Station CARSJiamusi 154007China Tieling Academy of Agricultural Sciences Tieling 112001China

This paper outlines effective methods for selecting and breeding maize varieties,with a focus on early and late hybridization,superior line re-selection,multi-part selection,and other *** goal is to facilitate the innovation of northern spring-sown maize germplasm resources,the selection and breeding of new varieties,thereby contributing to food security in China.

关键词： Spring-sown maize Breeding method High yield and high efficiency

Straw return increases crop production by improving soil organic carbon sequestration and soil aggregation in a long-term wheat-cotton cropping system

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 669-679页

作者： Changqin Yang Xiaojing Wang Jianan Li Guowei Zhang Hongmei Shu Wei Hu Huanyong Han Ruixian Liu Zichun Guo Institute of Industrial Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and RapeseedMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuai’an 223003China College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Cotton Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi 832000China Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable AgricultureNanjing 210008China

Straw return is a promising strategy for managing soil organic carbon(SOC)and improving yield ***,the optimal straw return strategy for sustainable crop production in the wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)cropping system remains *** objective of this study was to quantify the long-term(10 years)impact of carbon(C)input on SOC sequestration,soil aggregation and crop yields in a wheat-cotton cropping system in the Yangtze River Valley,*** treatments were arranged with a single-factor randomized design as follows:no straw return(Control),return of wheat straw only(Wt),return of cotton straw only(Ct),return of 50%wheat and 50%cotton straw(Wh-Ch)and return of 100%wheat and 100%cotton straw(Wt-Ct).In comparison to the Control,the SOC content increased by 8.4 to 20.2%under straw return.A significant linear positive correlation between SOC sequestration and C input(1.42-7.19 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1))(P2 and 1-2 mm at the 0-20 cm soil depth were also significantly elevated under straw return,with the greatest increase of the aggregate stability in the Wt-Ct treatment(28.1%).The average wheat yields increased by 12.4-36.0%and cotton yields increased by 29.4-73.7%,and significantly linear positive correlations were also detected between C input and the yields of wheat and *** average sustainable yield index(SYI)reached a maximum value of 0.69 when the C input was 7.08 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1),which was close to the maximum value(SYI of 0.69,C input of 7.19 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(-1))in the Wt-Ct ***,the return of both wheat and cotton straw was the best strategy for improving SOC sequestration,soil aggregation,yields and their sustainability in the wheat-cotton rotation system.

关键词： straw return crop yields SOC soil aggregates wheat-cotton cropping system

Grain Yield,Biomass Accumulation,and Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice under Combined Salinity-Drought Stress

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 118-128,I0023页

作者： WEI Huanhe GENG Xiaoyu ZHANG Xiang ZHU Wang ZHANG Xubin CHEN Yinglong HUO Zhongyang ZHOU Guisheng MENG Tianyao DAI Qigen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil reclamation and Utilization in Coastal Areas the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Simultaneous stresses of salinity and drought often coincide during rice-growing seasons in saline lands,primarily due to insufficient water resources and inadequate irrigation ***,combined salinity-drought stress poses a major threat to rice *** this study,two salinity levels(NS,non-salinity;HS,high salinity)along with three drought treatments(CC,control condition;DJ,drought stress imposed at jointing;DH,drought stress imposed at heading)were performed to investigate their combined influences on leaf photosynthetic characteristics,biomass accumulation,and rice yield ***,drought,and their combination led to a shortened growth period from heading to maturity,resulting in a reduced overall growth *** yield was reduced under both salinity and drought stress,with a more substantial reduction under the combined salinity-drought *** combined stress imposed at heading caused greater yield losses in rice compared with the stress imposed at ***,the combined salinity-drought stress induced greater decreases in shoot biomass accumulation from heading to maturity,as well as in shoot biomass and nonstructural carbohydrate(NSC)content in the stem at heading and ***,it increased the harvest index and NSC remobilization *** and drought reduced the leaf area index and SPAD value of flag leaves and weakened the leaf photosynthetic characteristics as indicated by lower photosynthetic rates,transpiration rates,and stomatal *** reductions were more pronounced under the combined ***,drought,and especially their combination,decreased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase,while increasing the contents of malondialdehyde,hydrogen peroxide,and superoxide *** results indicated a more significant yield loss in rice when subjected to combined salinity-drought *** individual and combined stresses of salinity and dro

关键词： antioxidant defense system combined salinity-drought stress drought stress photosynthetic characteristics rice salinity stress