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Research and Application of Compressed Fermented Chestnut Leaf Feed in Fattening Mutton Sheep

Agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第4期13卷 28-30,37页

作者： Lei WANG Xiaoyan LI Rundong QIANG Yu ZHOU Huihui CAO Shengyu SU Kaixuan ZHANG Changli WANG Hengzhi REN Daxin CHAI Yuli WANG Zhongkuan LIU Tangshan Food and Drug comprehensive Inspection and Testing Center Tangshan 063000China Agriculture and Rural Affairs bureau of Qianxi County Tangshan 063000China Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Tangshan 063000China Jidong comprehensive Experimental Promotion Station of Grass Industry Innovation Team of Hebei Provincial Modern Agricultural Industry System Tangshan 063000China Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066000China Institute of Agricultural resources and Environment Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050050China

Chestnut leaves and bran were evenly mixed according to different mass ratios,and the mixtures were sprayed and inoculated with a certain amount of prepared EM microbial liquid,and then compressed into 70 cm×40 cm×30 cm blocks by a fully automatic yellow-storage block compression and packaging *** obtained blocks were packaged and sealed with plastic film,and placed in a freely ventilated place for more than 15 d of anaerobic fermentation,so as to obtain compressed fermented chestnut leaf block feed.[Results]Through the detection and analysis of nutritional components in the compressed fermented chestnut leaf block feed in the laboratory,the protein content was equal to or greater than 10.2%,which was 44.68%higher than that of unfermented chestnut leaf feed;the tannin content was equal to or greater than 638 mg/kg,which was 18.41%lower than that of the original feed;and the crude fiber content was equal to or greater than 19.5%,which was 14.09%lower than that of the original feed.[Conclusions]This study improves the palatability of chestnut leaf feed,increases the use efficiency of feed and reduces feeding *** is worth popularizing.

关键词： EM microbial liquid Chestnut leaf Compressed fermentation Fattening of mutton sheep

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Demography and Socio-Economic Aspects on Irrigated Smallholder Agricultural Enterprises and Their Association with the Cultivation of Maize (Zea mays L.) as a Selected Field Crop

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 729-741页

作者： Tsumbedzo Jutas Mavhungu Azwihangwisi Edward Nesamvuni Khathutshelo Alfred Tshikolomo Ndivhudzannyi Sylvestor Mpandeli Johan Adriaan van Niekerk Department of Sustainable Food Systems and development University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural development Polokwane South Africa water Research Commission of South Africa Gezina South Africa

The purpose of this study is to correlate demography and socio-economic aspects at Irrigated Smallholder Agricultural Enterprises and their association with the Cultivation of Maize in order to determine its positive impacts at irrigated smallholders’ agricultural entrepreneurs’ household. Chi-square test was used as descriptive analysis method. The Fischer Exact tests were employed to test demography (gender, age, education, and income) in winter and summer production season of irrigated smallholder agricultural enterprises and their association with the cultivation of selected field crop (i.e. maize). The results show that gender results were not being statistically significant, as measured by the Phi measure of effect size, φ = 0.149, p = 0.011, and φ = 0.05, p = 0.392 in summer. As far as age is concern, it appears to be a statistically significant association between cultivating maize and age in winter, φ = 0.046, p = 0.730 in winter and φ = 0.172, p = 0.013. Education winter result not being statistically significant, the effect size showed a weak association, as measured by the Phi measure of effect size, φ = 0.112, p = 0.305 and φ = 0.035, p = 0.948 in summer. Income result not being statistically significant, as measured by the Phi measure of effect size, φ = 0.049, p = 0.399 and φ = 0.081, p = 0.166 in summer. In conclusion, the study shows that the development of best management practices must be based on a comprehensive analysis of the livelihoods and irrigated smallholder agricultural enterprise farming styles of participating irrigated smallholder agricultural entrepreneurs.

关键词： Maize Association Irrigated Smallholder Agricultural Enterprises Demography Livelihoods

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Feedback processing in the primate brain and in AI systems

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2297-2309页

作者： JIANG Yong HE Sheng Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230088China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The primate brain and artificial intelligence(AI) can both be conceptualized as information processing systems, each with its own distinct biological and computational architectures. While there are parallels between them, their respective structural and functional connections show significant differences. In this paper, we examine the central role of feedback processing in both the primate brain and AI systems, which has been shown to be crucial in shaping neural processing. By reviewing the key features of feedback processes in the primate brain, which allows the brain to incorporate prior knowledge, contextual information, and taskdemands into early-stage processing, we highlight the divergence in goals and functions between biological and AI *** these differences is crucial for elucidating the cognitive capabilities of the primate brain and for addressing computational challenges in AI. In advocating “Cognition-Inspired-Computation”, we suggest that integrating insights from feedback processing in the primate brain into AI research will offer potentially significant improvements for the advancement of AI systems.

关键词： cognitive neuroscience artificial intelligence feedback processing attention learning

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Time-dependent model for two-phase flow in ultra-high water-cut reservoirs: Time-varying permeability and relative permeability

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2536-2553页

作者： Shao-Chun Wang Na Zhang Zhi-Hao Tang Xue-Fei Zou Qian Sun Wei Liu College of Energy resources Chengdu University of Technology College of Petroleum Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology

For the ultra-high water-cut reservoirs, after long-term water injection exploitation, the physical properties of the reservoir change and the heterogeneity of the reservoir becomes increasingly severe, which further aggravates the spatial difference of the flow field. In this study, the displacement experiments were employed to investigate the variations in core permeability, porosity, and relative permeability after a large amount of water injection. A relative permeability endpoint model was proposed by utilizing the alternating conditional expectation(ACE) transformation to describe the variation in relative permeability based on the experimental data. Based on the time dependent models for permeability and relative permeability, the traditional oil-water two-phase model was improved and discretized using the mimetic finite difference method(MFD). The two cases were launched to confirm the validation of the proposed model. The impact of time-varying physical features on reservoir production performance was studied in a real water flooding reservoir. The experimental results indicate that the overall relative permeability curve shifts to the right as water injection increases. This shift corresponds to a transition towards a more hydrophilic wettability and a decrease in residual oil saturation. The endpoint model demonstrates excellent accuracy and can be applied to time-varying simulations of reservoir physics. The impact of variations in permeability and relative permeability on the reservoir production performance yields two distinct outcomes. The time-varying permeability of the reservoir results in intensified water channeling and poor development effects. On the other hand, the time-varying relative permeability enhances the oil phase seepage capacity, facilitating oil displacement. The comprehensive time-varying behavior is the result of the combined influence of these two parameters, which closely resemble the actual conditions observed in oil field expl

关键词： Mimetic finite difference water flooding reservoir Time-varying physical properties Numerical simulation

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Data-driven evacuation and rescue traffic optimization with rescue contraflow control

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： Zheng Liu Jialin Liu Xuecheng Shang Xingang Li School of Management Engineering Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450046China Collaborative Innovation Center for Aviation Economy development of Henan Province Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450046China School of Systems science Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for comprehensive Transport Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Transportation Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

In response to local sudden disasters,e.g.,high-rise office or residential building fire disasters,road occupation can cause conflicts,and traffic directions may be opposite between evacuation vehicles and rescue vehicles;moreover,lane contraflow can be adopted to meet these surge traffic ***,lane contraflow that provides more roads for rescue vehicles reduces the traffic supply in the evacuation *** is unclear how to control the number of contraflow roads used by rescue vehicles to coordinate evacuation and rescue traffic ***,we adjust the critical rescue traffic volume of reversing the normal road traffic direction to control rescue ***,we propose a multiobjective mixed integer linear programming formulation for evacuation and rescue traffic ***,considering that the upper limit of the critical rescue traffic volume is unknown and that the proposed formulation includes multiple objectives and multi-priority vehicle classes,a three-stage solving algorithm is ***,a large-scale evacuation and rescue traffic optimization result dataset is obtained for the Nguyen–Dupuis road network,and the impact of different rescue contraflow control plans on evacuation and rescue traffic is studied based on data-driven sta-tistical *** results show that by adjusting the optimal rescue traffic route,the critical rescue traffic volume for reversing the normal road traffic direction can reduce the interference of rescue traffic to evacuation traffic operation performance without reducing rescue traffic operation performance,and can be used to coor-dinate evacuation and rescue traffic operation under rescue contraflow.

关键词： Evacuation and rescue traffic optimization Rescue contraflow control Multiobjective mixed integer linear programming Three-stage solving algorithm Data-driven statistical analysis

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Landslide Research from the Perspectives of Qinling Mountains in China:A Critical Review

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第5期35卷 1546-1567页

作者： Liye Feng Wenwen Qi Chong Xu Wentao Yang Zhiqiang Yang Zikang Xiao Zhaoning Chen Tao Li Xiaoyi Shao Huiran Gao Zhiwen Xue National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China School of Soil and water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing100085China School of Emergency Management Science and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Landslides pose a frequent geological threat,endangering both productivity and the wellbeing of human life and *** recent years,landslides have received widespread attention in various *** article presents a comprehensive review of landslide research in the Qinling Mountains,*** first part introduces landslide investigation and inventory,which include manual visual interpretation and automatic landslide *** second part discusses the types,characteristics,and temporal-spatial distribution of landslides in the Qinling *** the third part,the mechanisms and stability analysis of landslides are explored,along with a discussion of the applicability of various simulation *** fourth part focuses on significant studies related to landslide evaluation,including susceptibility,hazard,and risk *** fifth part addresses landslide monitoring and early warning ***,an assessment is made of the current issues and research status concerning landslide studies in the Qinling Mountains,followed by a discussion on future research directions.

关键词： Qinling Mountains landslide review engineering geology

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Changes in Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activities of Yingshan Yunwu Tea during Digestion in Vitro

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Medicinal Plant 2024年第2期15卷 21-25页

作者： Ruyi ZHENG Jinjie ZHOU Wenzhuo WU Jianfeng ZHAN Peng WU Ting DING Weixin WANG College of Biology and Agricultural resources Huanggang Normal UniversityHubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie MountainsHubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive UtilizationHuanggang 438000China Hubei Hongan County Public Inspection and Testing Center Huanggang 438000China

[Objectives]To explore the change rule of polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of coarse old leaves of Yingshan Yunwu Tea in the process of human digestion.[Methods]The coarse and old leaves of Yunwu tea in Yingshan,Huanggang,Hubei Province were selected as the research object,and their digestion in vitro was *** total polyphenol content was determined by Folin-phenol reagent colorimetric method,and the DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant activity were determined.[Results]After simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro,the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of coarse old leaf tea soup showed a downward *** gastrointestinal digestion,the polyphenol content in tea infusion separately decreased by 31.8%and 8.5%;the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was 97%before digestion,decreased to 92%after gastric digestion and 65%after intestinal digestion,which decreased by 5%and 27%,respectively;after gastrointestinal digestion,the total antioxidant capacity of tea soup decreased by 4.7%and 3.1%,respectively.[Conclusions]This study provided a reference for the development and application of coarse old leaves of Yingshan Yunwu tea,and provided a reference for the nutritional value evaluation and comprehensive utilization of coarse old leaves,so as to make the best use of coarse tea leaves and reduce the waste of resources.

关键词： Coarse old leaves of Yunwu tea Polyphenol Digestion in vitro Antioxidant activity

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Tourmaline geochemistry as genetic evolution and metallogenic potential indicators of pegmatites: a case study from the Tugeman Be-Li deposit， Middle Altun

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Hang Li Xingwang Xu Tao Hong Qiang Ke Yince Ma Kai Kang Zhiquan Yang Changsheng Guo College of Architecture and Civil Engineering， Sanming University Key Laboratory of Mineral resources， Institute of Geology and Geophysics， Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Academy for Earth Science， Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards， School of Earth Sciences and Engineering， Sun Yat-Sen University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) No.3 Geological Party， Xinjiang bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and development

Tourmaline is a common borosilicate mineral in granite and pegmatite， and it is also an important carrier to record the physicochemical evolution information of magmas. However， the genetic relationship between pegmatite-type rare metal mineralization potential and tourmaline-bearing pegmatites is not clear， and the tourmaline geochemical indication of the mineralization type of rare metals needs to be supplemented. In the middle Altun region， extensive tourmaline-bearing pegmatite dykes are prevalent within and surrounding the Tugeman complex. In this paper， the petrology and geochemical characteristics of tourmaline within the pegmatite of the Tugeman Be-Li deposit have been comprehensively analyzed. The research delves into the genetic evolution and metallogenic potential of the pegmatite， emphasizing the indicative role of tourmaline geochemistry in discerning mineralization types in the Tugeman Be-Li deposit. Major and trace element analysis of tourmaline reveals varying contents of FeO （9.37 wt.%–17.10 wt.%）， Al2O3（28.64 wt.%–35.22% wt.%）， and MgO （0.13 wt.%–2.47 wt.%） in the Tugeman Be–Li pegmatite. Li， Zn， and Sn contents range from 204 ppm to 1 590 ppm， 1 143 ppm to 4 089 ppm， and 74 ppm to 396 ppm， respectively. The tourmaline analyzed in this study is magmatic origin and belongs to schorl series， exhibits substitution relationships， including (Na， Fe2+)(X□， Al)-1， (Fe2+， Fe3+)（Mg， Al）-1， (Al，X□)(R2+， Na)-1，（Na， Mg）(X□， Al)-1andX□NaR2+-1. The trace element data of tourmaline show that lithium has four enrichment stages in different mineral crystallization phases. Notably， the tendency of tourmaline in the Tugeman Be-Li pegmatite to evolve towards elbaite implies a magmatic evolution sequence from low to high， transitioning through microcline-albite pegmatite， muscovite-microcline-albite pegmatite， albite pegmatite， and microcline pegmatite. Furthermore， we also propose that the Sc content in schorl can serve as an indicator of pegmatite mineralization typ

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Spatial Optimization and Reconstruction of Old Communities under the Background of Aging

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Journal of Landscape Research 2024年第2期16卷 51-53,60页

作者： LI Yiwen LI Daoyong HE Qilin School of Architecture and Art North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China Planning and comprehensive Affairs Center of Beijing Economic and Technological development Zone Beijing 100176China

As aging becomes increasingly serious,how to make the life of the elderly more convenient and comfortable has become one of the social problems to be solved *** residential areas are one of spaces where the elderly *** this paper,the prominent problems in the community space of existing old residential areas that are not conducive to the life of the elderly were analyzed,and corresponding countermeasures to transform the community space were put *** is hoped that public space can play its due value and make old residential areas glow with new vitality.

关键词： Aging adaptability Community public space Elderly care community Space transformation

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Moirésuperlattice effects on interfacial mechanical behavior:A concise review

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2024年第3期3卷 343-357页

作者： Weidong Yan Jiangtao Liu Wengen Ouyang Ze Liu Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Civil EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhanChina School of Physics and Mechatronic Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyangChina State Key Laboratory of water resources Engineering and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina

The moirésuperlattice,arising from the interface of mismatched single crystals,intricately regulates the physical and mechanical properties of materials,giving rise to phenomena such as superconductivity and *** study delves into the profound impact of moirésuperlattices on the interfacial mechanical behavior of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials,with a particular focus on tribological properties.A comprehensive review of continuum modeling approaches for vdW layered materials is presented,accentuating the incorporation of moirésuperlattice effects in theoretical models to unravel their distinctive interfacial frictional behavior and thermodynamic *** exploration of moirésuperlattices has significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of interface phenomena in vdW layered *** progress provides crucial theoretical insights that can inform the design of multifunctional devices based on the unique properties of twisted layered materials.

关键词： interfacial mechanics moirésuperlattice superlubricity twist angle van der Waals layered materials

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