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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第8期10卷 798-813页

作者： Tim Van de Voorde Department of Geography Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium

Cities often have a substantial green infrastructure,which provides local ecosystem services that improve the quality of life of urban *** services should be explicitly addressed in urban development policies,and areas with insufficient vegetation and limited access to public green spaces should be *** paper presents two spatially explicit urban green indicators that are derived using remote sensing imagery,freely available map data and spatial analysis tools from open source geospatial libraries and commercial *** first indicator represents proportional green cover(public as well as private)in the vicinity of each building within a *** second indicator quantifies the proximity of public green spaces as walking distances from buildings to actual park entrances.A dasymetric mapping approach was used to take spatial variations in population density into *** allows representing the indicators from the perspective of citizens instead of buildings,which may be more meaningful for deriving statistics at city level or at the level of neighbourhoods or administrative *** potential use of these indicators in a planning context is discussed on a case study carried out for the city of brussels,Belgium.

关键词： Urban green urban ecosystem services geographic information systems vegetation indicators

Black Carbon Instead of Particle Mass Concentration as an Indicator for the Traffic Related Particles in the brussels Capital Region

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第5期2卷 525-532页

作者： Peter Vanderstraeten Michael Forton Olivier Brasseur Zvi Y. Offer brussels Institute for the Management of the Environment Laboratory for Environmental Research

The brussels Capital Region has difficulties in meeting the stringent EU daily limit value for PM10 in all its measuring sites. Postponing the attainment of the deadline was not granted by the EU Commission, mainly due to insufficient judged measures to reduce road traffic emissions. However, a thorough analysis of the data makes clear that neither the particle mass concentration (PM10 and PM2.5) nor the particle number concentration are specific metrics for evaluating the particle pollution originated by traffic. In fact, increased formation of secondary aerosol, together with adverse meteorological conditions and the (re) suspension of the coarser fraction are by far the three main explanations for the numerous PM10 exceeding values. From our experience, amongst the particles measured, only the results for Black Carbon (BC), mainly present in the lower submicron range, are reflective of the direct influence of local traffic. Measured at two traffic sites along with PM mass and number concentrations, the data for Black Carbon show a striking correlation with nitrogen monoxide, a parameter strongly related with the proximity of the local traffic. The correlation factor between Black Carbon data and NO or NOX is much higher than between Black Carbon and the PM mass or number concentration. Therefore the assessment of traffic related particles should consider Black Carbon rather than PM10 or PM2.5.

关键词： Black Carbon PM10 PM2.5 Particle Mass Concentration Particle Number Concentration

Preoperative Tracheoscopy for Esophageal Atresia and/or Congenital Esoaerian Fistula: Experience at Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc in brussels

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Surgical Science 2020年第1期11卷 9-14页

作者： Natacha Boumas Beelke D’Hondt Catherine De Magnee Raymond Reding Francis Veyckemans Surgery Paediatric Unit Centre Hospitalo universitaire Mère Enfant Jeanne Ebori Libreville Gabon Surgery Unit and Paediatric Transplantation Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium

Introduction: Congenital septal anomalies between the trachea and the esophagus are rare conditions. It seemed to us interesting to recall the contribution of tracheoscopy in the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of esophageal atresia and congenital esoaerian fistulas. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study between June 1994 and June 2014 of children who underwent a tracheoscopy, at the Saint-Luc University Clinics in brussels, the diagnostic set of esophageal atresia (EA) or a congenital esoaerian fistula was suspected. Results: A total of 43 children with esophageal atresia or congenital esoaerian fistula underwent tracheoscopy. Before the tracheoscopy, the diagnosis of the anatomical type of atresia of the esophagus and esoaerian fistula was as follows: type C, 34 (79.1%);type A, 4 (9.3%);type E, 5 (11.6%). After performing the tracheoscopy, the diagnosis was changed as follows: type C, 34 (79.1%);type A, 3 (7%);type E, 4 (9.3%);type B, 1 (2.3%), a patient with a tracheoesophageal laryngo cleft (2.3%). Tracheoscopy also made it possible to find 2 cases of tracheomalacia, 2 cases with 3 bronchial tubes and one case associating a diverticulum of the trachea. No complications were correlated with the performance of the tracheoscopy. Conclusion: Our study confirms the benefits of tracheoscopy in the laden price of esophageal atresia or congenital esoaerian fistula.

关键词： Esophageal Atresia Esotracheal Fistula Tracheobronchoscopy

Selective recovery of rare earth elements by smelting of magnets

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 209-217,I0008页

作者： Venkata Lakshmi Borra Prasanta Jana PPSahoo Prakash Venkatesan Mehmet Ali Recai Onal Chenna Rao Borra Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal721302India R&D Tata Steel Ltd.Jamshedpur831001India Department of Materials Engineering Synthesis and Recycling(4MAT)Universite Libre de BruxellesCP165/631050BrusselsBelgium GenoMines 630 Rue Noetzlin91190ParisFrance

Rare earth elements(REEs)play a crucial role in many technologies from daily appliances in cell phones to more advanced wind turbines and electric *** magnets account for a quarter of total global REEs production and have high recycling *** this study,smelting process was used to selectively oxidize REEs in the permanent magnets by adding Fe_(2)O_(3).This separates REEs into a slag phase from an iron-rich metallic phase.B_(2)O_(3) was also added to the system as a flux to lower the slag melting *** minimizes REEs loss to the metallic phase and allows a more efficient phase *** effect of flux and oxidizing agent addition was investigated on both regular and cerium-rich NdFeB(NdCeFeB)*** 1350℃and for 1 h,the slag phase was successfully separated from the metallic phase with the addition of 0.8 stoichiometric amount of Fe_(2)O_(3) and 40 wt%of B_(2)O_(3).Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX)analysis reveals that REEs in the magnet do not migrate to the metal phase while the REE-rich slag phase contains almost no *** the selective removal of iron into the metallic phase,REEs are recovered from the slag phase through an acid leaching process allowing>99%of REEs *** in the magnet can also be recovered as useful boric acid by evaporation and crystallisation *** proposed process in this study is reagent and energy-efficient with almost complete valorisation of both NdCeFeB and NdFeB magnets.

关键词： Recycling Rare earth elements NdFeBmagnets Smelting Leaching

Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第1期6卷 20-31页

作者： Vandenplas Y Academisch Ziekenhuis Kinderen Free University of BrusselsBrusselsBelgium

IS THERE ANYTHING NEW?Helicobacter pylori has been for many years aforgotten bacterium,since the first report on thisspiral organism dated from the 19th *** as in 1906,an association between a spiralorganism and gastr... 详细信息

关键词： Subject headings Helicobacter pylori gastritis Helicobacter infection

Metcalfe＇s Law and Network Quality： An Extension of Zhang et al.

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第1期31卷 117-123页

作者： Leo Van Hove Department of Applied Economics (APEC) Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University of Brussels) Brussels 1050 Belgium

Zhang et al. exploited data on Facebook and Tencent to validate Metcalfe＇s law, which states that the aggregate value of a communications network is proportional to the square of the number of users. This note points out that the value of a social network may be driven not only by its size, but also by increases in the variety and quality of the services offered. I therefore extend Zhang et al.＇s approach by explicitly controlling for changes in network quality over time. For the case of Tencent, I also filter out revenues and costs that are unrelated to Tencent＇s core （social network） services. I find that these two extensions only strengthen Zhang et al.＇s conclusions： Metcalfe＇s law now outperforms the other laws even more clearlv.

关键词： Metcalfe's law network value Facebook Tencent quality cost of revenue

Is there still a role for cytotoxic chemotherapy after targeted therapy and immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma? A case report and literature review

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第4期36卷 202-206页

作者： Aurélien Simon Hampig Raphael Kourie Joseph Kerger Jules Bordet Institute Free University of Brussels Brussels Belgium

Metastatic melanoma has long been considered to have a very poor prognosis and to be chemo-resistant. However, a subgroup of patients with metastatic melanoma presents remarkable responses to chemotherapeutic agents, even in the absence of a response to modern targeted therapies and immunotherapies; accordingly, determining predictive biomarkers of the response to chemotherapies for metastatic melanoma remains a priority to guide treatment in these patients. We report a case study of a patient with B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase-mutated metastatic melanoma harbouring many genetic mutations. The patient did not respond to prior targeted therapies or immunotherapies but experienced a dramatic objective radiological and clinical response to subsequent dacarbazine-based chemotherapy. In the era of targeted therapies and immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, cytotoxic chemotherapies may still represent an interesting therapeutic weapon in a well-deined subgroup of patients presenting with speciic genetic and molecular features.

关键词： Metastatic melanoma Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Checkpoint inhibitors Vemurafenib ATM mutation Chemosensitivity

On the cell biology of pit cells,the liver-specific NK cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第1期6卷 1-11页

作者： Luo DZ Vermijlen D Ahishali B Triantis V Plakoutsi G Braet F Vanderkerken K Wisse E Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology Free University of Brussels(VUB)Brussels-JetteBelgium Department of Pathology Guangxi Medical University NanningChina Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology Free University of Brussels(VUB)Brussels-JetteBelgium Department of Hematology and Immunology Free University of Brussels(VUB)Brussels-JetteBelgium

INTRODUCTION Natural killer (NK) cells are functionally defined by their ability to kill certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without prior

关键词： Subject headings pit cells hepatic natural killer cells large granular lymphocytes

Implications of safety requirements for the treatment of THMC processes in geological disposal systems for radioactive waste

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第3期9卷 46-52页

作者： Frédéric Bernier Frank Lemy Pierre De Cannière Valéry Detilleux Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (FANC) Brussels 1000 Belgium Bel V Brussels 1070 Belgium

The mission of nuclear safety authorities in national radioactive waste disposal programmes is to ensure that people and the environment are protected against the hazards of ionising radiations emitted by the *** implies the establishment of safety requirements and the oversight of the activities of the waste management organisation in charge of implementing the *** Belgium,the safety requirements for geological disposal rest on the following principles:defence-in-depth,demonstrability and the radiation protection principles elaborated by the International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP).Applying these principles requires notably an appropriate identification and characterisation of the processes upon which the safety functions fulfilled by the disposal system rely and of the processes that may affect the system ***,research and development(R&D)on safety-relevant thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical(THMC)issues is important to build confidence in the safety *** paper points out the key THMC processes that might influence radionuclide transport in a disposal system and its surrounding environment,considering the dynamic nature of these *** nature and significance are expected to change according to prevailing internal and external conditions,which evolve from the repository construction phase to the whole heatingecooling cycle of decaying waste after *** these processes have a potential impact on safety,it is essential to identify and to understand them properly when developing a disposal concept to ensure compliance with relevant safety *** particular,the investigation of THMC processes is needed to manage *** includes the identification and characterisation of uncertainties as well as for the understanding of their safety-relevance.R&D may also be necessary to reduce uncertainties of which the magnitude does not allow demonstrating the safety of the disposal system.

关键词： Radioactive waste Geological disposal Performance assessment Safety assessment Safety functions Safety requirements

Male factor infertility and ART

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 103-108,178页

作者： Herman Tournaye Centre for Reproductive Medicine University Hospital of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University Brussels B-1090 Belgium

For years, the management and treatment of male factor infertility has been ‘experience＇ and not ‘evidence＇ based. Although not evidence-based, current clinical practice involves extensive use of assisted reproductive techniques （ART）. Where specific treatments are not indicated or have failed, ART have become popular adjunctive treatments for alleviating male factor infertility. According to the limited evidence available, intrauterine insemination （IUI） may be considered as a first-line treatment in a couple in which the female partner has a normal fertility status and at least 1 × 10^6 progressively motile spermatozoa are recovered after sperm preparation. If no pregnancy is achieved after 3-6 cycles of IUI, optimized in vitro fertilization （IVF） can be proposed. When less than 0.5× 106 progressively motile spermatozoa are obtained after seminal fluid processing or sperm are recovered surgically from the testis or epididymis, intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） should be performed. Although the outcome of no other ART has ever been scrutinized as much before, no large-scale ‘macroproblems＇ have as yet been observed after ICSI. Yet, ICSI candidates should be rigorously screened before embarking on IVF or ICSI, and thoroughly informed of the limitations of our knowledge on the hereditary aspects of male infertility and the safety aspects of ART.

关键词： artificial intracytoplasmic sperm injection insemination in vitro fertilization male infertility sperm