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Fast Cross-Platform Binary Code Similarity Detection Framework Based on CFGs Taking Advantage of NLP and Inductive GNN

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 128-138页

作者： Jinxue PENG Yong WANG Jingfeng XUE Zhenyan LIU School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

Cross-platform binary code similarity detection aims at detecting whether two or more pieces of binary code are similar or not. Existing approaches that combine control flow graphs(CFGs)-based function representation and graph convolutional network(GCN)-based similarity analysis are the best-performing ones. Due to a large amount of convolutional computation and the loss of structural information, the use of convolution networks will inevitably bring problems such as high overhead and sometimes inaccuracy. To address these issues, we propose a fast cross-platform binary code similarity detection framework that takes advantage of natural language processing(NLP)and inductive graph neural network(GNN) for basic blocks embedding and function representation respectively by simulating extracting structural features and temporal features. GNN’s node-centric and small batch is a suitable training way for large CFGs, it can greatly reduce computational overhead. Various NLP basic block embedding models and GNNs are evaluated. Experimental results show that the scheme with long short term memory(LSTM)for basic blocks embedding and inductive learning-based Graph SAGE(GAE) for function representation outperforms the state-of-the-art works. In our framework, we can take only 45% overhead. Improve efficiency significantly with a small performance trade-off.

关键词： Training Semantics Process control Binary codes Feature extraction Natural language processing Graph neural networks

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Atomically Substitutional Engineering of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Layers for Enhancing Tailored Properties and Superior Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 248-284页

作者： Zhaosu Liu Si Yin Tee Guijian Guan Ming‑Yong Han institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072People’s Republic of China institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STARSingapore 138634Singapore

Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are a promising class of layered materials in the post-graphene era,with extensive research attention due to their diverse alternative elements and fascinating semiconductor *** MX2 layers with different metal and/or chalcogen elements have similar structural parameters but varied optoelectronic properties,providing opportunities for atomically substitutional engineering via partial alteration of metal or/and chalcogenide atoms to produce ternary or quaternary *** resulting multinary TMD layers still maintain structural integrity and homogeneity while achieving tunable(opto)electronic properties across a full range of composition with arbitrary ratios of introduced metal or chalcogen to original counterparts(0–100%).Atomic substitution in TMD layers offers new adjustable degrees of freedom for tailoring crystal phase,band alignment/structure,carrier density,and surface reactive activity,enabling novel and promising *** review comprehensively elaborates on atomically substitutional engineering in TMD layers,including theoretical foundations,synthetic strategies,tailored properties,and superior *** emerging type of ternary TMDs,Janus TMDs,is presented specifically to highlight their typical compounds,fabrication methods,and potential ***,opportunities and challenges for further development of multinary TMDs are envisioned to expedite the evolution of this pivotal field.

关键词： Transition metal dichalcogenides Atomic substitution Tailored structure Tunable bandgap Enhanced applications

A high-performance lithium anode based on N-doped composite graphene

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1030-1036页

作者： Can Jiao Hao-Bo Sun Li Zhang Shang-Qian Zhao Guo-Yao Pang Chun-Rong Zhao Shi-Gang Lu General Research institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing100088China China Automotive Battery Research institute Co.Ltd Beijing101407China

Lithium(Li)metal is the most promising electrode for next-gene ration rechargeable *** order to push the commercialization of the lithium metal batteries,a kind of nitrogen(N)-doped composite graphene(NCG)adopted as the Li plating host was prepared to regulate Li metal nucleation and suppress dendrite ***,a new kind of sandwich-type composite lithium metal(STCL)electrode was developed to improve its *** STCL electrode can be used as convenient as a piece of Li foil but no dendrite *** a symmetric battery,the STCL electrode cycled for more than 4500 h with the overpotential of less than 40 *** due to the creative design,the STCL promises the Li-S battery with a prolonged cycling lifespan.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Lithiophilic N-doped composite graphene Sandwich-type composite lithium metal electrode

Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in complex multiple X-point configurations in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial system

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 488-495页

作者：何向磊毛傲华孙萌萌邹继同王晓钢 School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Laboratory for Space Environment and Materials Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Magnetic reconnection processes in three-dimensional(3D)complex field configurations have been investigated in different magneto-plasma systems in space,laboratory,and astrophysical ***-dimensional(2D)features of magnetic reconnection have been well developed and applied successfully to systems with symmetrical property,such as toroidal fusion plasmas and laboratory experiments with an axial *** in asymmetric systems,the 3D features are inevitably different from those in the 2D *** reconnection structures in multiple celestial body systems,particularly star-planet-Moon systems,bring fresh insights to the understanding of the 3D geometry of ***,we take magnetic reconnection in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial magneto-plasma system as an example by using its crucial parameters approximately estimated already and also some specific applications in pathways for energy and matter transports among Earth,ancient Moon,and the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF).Then,magnetic reconnection of the ancient lunar-terrestrial magnetospheres with the IMF is investigated numerically in this *** a 3D simulation for the Earth-Moon-IMF system,topological features of complex magnetic reconnection configurations and dynamical characteristics of magnetic reconnection processes are *** is found that a coupled lunar-terrestrial magnetosphere is formed,and under various IMF orientations,multiple X-points emerge at distinct locations,showing three typical magnetic reconnection structures in such a geometry,i.e.,the X-line,the triple current sheets,and the A-B null *** results can conduce to further understanding of reconnection physics in 3D for plasmas in complex magnetic configurations,and also a possible mechanism for energy and matters transport in evolutions of similar astrophysical systems.

关键词： magnetic reconnection multiple X-points complex magneto-plasma system

Portable dielectrophoresis for biology:ADEPT facilitates cell trapping,separation,and interactions

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 193-205页

作者： Lourdes Albina Nirupa Julius Dora Akgül Gowri Krishnan Fabian Falk Jan Korvink Vlad Badilita Department Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344Baden-WürttembergGermany

Dielectrophoresis is a powerful and well-established technique that allows label-free,non-invasive manipulation of cells and particles by leveraging their electrical *** practical implementation of the associated electronics and user interface in a biology laboratory,however,requires an engineering background,thus hindering the broader adoption of the *** order to address these challenges and to bridge the gap between biologists and the engineering skills required for the implementation of DEP platforms,we report here a custom-built,compact,universal electronic platform termed ADEPT(adaptable dielectrophoresis embedded platform tool)for use with a simple microfluidic chip containing six *** versatility of the open-source platform is ensured by a custom-developed graphical user interface that permits simple reconfiguration of the control signals to address a wide-range of specific applications:(i)precision positioning of the single bacterium/cell/particle in the micrometer range;(ii)viability-based separation by achieving a 94%efficiency in separating live and dead yeast;(iii)phenotype-based separation by achieving a 96%efficiency in separating yeast and Bacillus subtilis;(iv)cell–cell interactions by steering a phagocytosis process where a granulocyte engulfs *** RGB-S ***,the set of experiments and the platform form a complete basis for a wide range of possible applications addressing various biological questions exploiting the plug-and-play design and the intuitive GUI of ADEPT.

关键词： Together separation separating

Tuning the crystallinity of titanium nitride on copper-embedded carbon nanofiber interlayers for accelerated electrochemical kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 40-55页

作者： Yinyu Xiang Liqiang Lu Feng Yan Debarun Sengupta Petra Rudolf Ajay Giri Prakash Kottapalli Yutao Pei Advanced Production Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Zernike institute for Advanced Materials University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands

The development of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries is hindered by the disadvantages of shuttling of polysulfides and the sluggish redox kinetics of the conversion of sulfur species during discharge and ***,the crystallinities of a titanium nitride(TiN)film on copper-embedded carbon nanofibers(Cu-CNFs)are regulated and the nanofibers are used as interlayers to resolve the aforementioned crucial issues.A low-crystalline TiN-coated Cu-CNF(L-TiN-Cu-CNF)interlayer is compared with its highly crystalline counterpart(H-TiN-Cu-CNFs).It is demonstrated that the L-TiN coating not only strengthens the chemical adsorption toward polysulfides but also greatly accelerates the electrochemical conversion of *** to robust carbon frameworks and enhanced kinetics,impressive highrate performance at 2 C(913 mAh g^(-1)based on sulfur)as well as remarkable cyclic stability up to 300 cycles(626 mAh g^(-1))with capacity retention of 46.5%is realized for L-TiN-Cu-CNF interlayer-configured Li-S *** under high loading(3.8 mg cm^(-2))of sulfur and relatively lean electrolyte(10μL electrolyte per milligram sulfur)conditions,the Li-S battery equipped with L-TiN-Cu-CNF interlayers delivers a high capacity of 1144 mAh g^(-1)with cathodic capacity of 4.25 mAh cm^(-2)at 0.1 C,providing a potential pathway toward the design of multifunctional interlayers for highly efficient Li-S batteries.

关键词： crystallinity electrochemical kinetics interlayer lithium-sulfur batteries titanium nitride

Semi-hydro-equivalent design and performance extrapolation between 100 kJ-scale and NIF-scale indirect drive implosion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 25-34页

作者： Huasen Zhang Dongguo Kang Changshu Wu Liang Hao Hao Shen Shiyang Zou Shaoping Zhu Yongkun Ding Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 10088China institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 10088China

Extrapolation of implosion performance between different laser energy scales is investigated for indirect drive through a semi-hydroequivalent *** radiation transport is non-hydro-equivalent,the peak radiation temperature of the hohlraum and the ablation velocity of the capsule ablator are not scale-invariant when the sizes of the hohlraum and the capsule are scale-varied.A semi-hydro-equivalent design method that keeps the implosion velocity V_(i),adiabat α_(F),and P_(L)/R_(hc)^(2) (where P_(L) is the laser power and R_(hc) is the hohlraum and capsule scale length)scale-invariant,is proposed to create hydrodynamically similar *** semi-hydro-equivalent design and the scaled implosion performance are investigated for the 100 kJ Laser Facility(100 kJ-scale)and the National Ignition Facility(NIF-scale)with about 2 MJ laser *** is found that the one-dimensional implosion performance is approximately hydro-equivalent when V_(i) and α_(F) are kept the *** to the non-hydro-equivalent radiation transport,the yield-over-clean without α-particle heating(YOC_(noα))is slightly lower at 100 kJ-scale than at NIF-scale for the same scaled radiation asymmetry or the same initial perturbation of the hydrodynamic *** overall scaled two-dimensional implosion performance is slightly lower at 100 *** general Lawson criterion factor scales asχ_(noα) ^(2D)∼S^(1.06±0.04)(where S is the scale-variation factor)for the semi-hydro-equivalent implosion design with a moderate YOC_(noα).Our study indicates that χ_(noα)≈0.379 is the minimum requirement for the 100 kJ-scale implosion to demonstrate the ability to achieve marginal ignition at NIF-scale.

关键词： performance transport slightly

(Lu_(1/7)Yb_(1/7)Sc_(1/7)Er_(1/7)Y_(1/7)Ho_(1/7)Dy_(1/7))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)high entropy rare-earth disilicate with low thermal conductivity and excellent resistance to CMAS corrosion

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 549-560页

作者： Xu Wang Mingyu Meng Feihan Xu Ling Liu Lihong Gao Shizhen Zhu Zhuang Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact Beijing 100081China Tangshan Research institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyTangshan 063000China

Low thermal conductivity,compatible thermal expansion coefficient,and good calcium–magnesium–aluminosilicate(CMAS)corrosion resistance are critical requirements for environmental barrier coatings used on silicon-based ***2Si2O7(RE=rare earth)has been widely recognized as one of the most promising candidates for environmental barrier coatings due to its good water vapor corrosion ***,the relatively high thermal conductivity and poor resistance to CMAS corrosion have limited its practical *** by the high entropy effect,in this work,a novel rare earth disilicate(Lu_(_(1/7))Yb_(_(1/7))Sc_(_(1/7))Er_(_(1/7))Y_(_(1/7))Ho_(_(1/7))Dy_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7((7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7)has been designed and synthesized by a solid reaction process.(7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7 showed a low thermal conductivity of 1.81 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)at 1273 ***,the thermal expansion coefficient of(7RE_(_(1/7)))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)(4.07×10^(−6)℃^(−1)from room temperature(RT)to 1400℃)is close to that of the SiC-based ceramic matrix composites(SiC-CMCs)((4.5–5.5)×10^(−6)℃^(−1)).Additionally,(7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7 exhibited excellent resistance to CMAS *** exposed to CMAS at 1300℃for 48 h,the reaction layer thickness was 22μ*** improved performance of(7RE_(_(1/7)))2Si2O7 highlights its potential as a promising candidate for thermal/environmental barrier coatings.

关键词： high entropy disilicate (Lu_(1/7)Yb_(1/7)Sc_(1/7)Er_(1/7)Y_(1/7)Ho_(1/7)Dy_(1/7))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)((7RE_(1/7))_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)) high-temperature thermal properties calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate(CMAS)corrosion

Micro-aluminum powder with bi-or tri-component alloy coating as a promising catalyst:Boosting pyrolysis and combustion of ammonium perchlorate

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 100-113页

作者： Chao Wang Ying Liu Mingze Wu Jia Li Ying Feng Xianjin Ning Hong Li Ningfei Wang Baolu Shi School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

A novel design of micro-aluminum(μAl)powder coated with bi-/tri-component alloy layer,such as:Ni-P and Ni-P-Cu(namely,Al@Ni-P,Al@Ni-P-Cu,respectively),as combustion catalysts,were introduced to release its huge energy inside Al-core and promote rapid pyrolysis of ammonium perchlorate(AP)at a lower temperature in aluminized *** microstructure of Al@Ni-P-Cu demonstrates that a three-layer Ni-P-Cu shell,with the thickness of~100 nm,is uniformly supported byμAl carrier(fuel unit),which has an amorphous surface with a thickness of~2.3 nm(catalytic unit).The peak temperature of AP with the addition of Al@Ni-P-Cu(3.5%)could significantly drop to 316.2℃ at high-temperature thermal decomposition,reduced by 124.3℃,in comparison to that of pure AP with 440.5℃.It illustrated that the introduction of Al@Ni-P-Cu could weaken or even eliminate the obstacle of AP pyrolysis due to its reduction of activation energy with 118.28 kJ/*** laser ignition results showed that the ignition delay time of Al@Ni-P-Cu/AP mixture with 78 ms in air is shorter than that of Al@Ni-P/AP(118 ms),decreased by 33.90%.Those astonishing breakthroughs were attributed to the synergistic effects of adequate active sites on amorphous surface and oxidation exothermic reactions(7597.7 J/g)of Al@Ni-P-Cu,resulting in accelerated mass and/or heat transfer rate to catalyze AP pyrolysis and ***,it is believed to provide an alternative Al-based combustion catalyst for propellant designer,to promote the development the propellants toward a higher energy.

关键词： Micro-aluminum powder(μAl) Nano-sized alloy coating Combustion catalyst Ammonium perchlorate Pyrolysis behavior Ignition and combustion