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Unilateral visual impairment in rural south India-Andhra Pradesh eye Disease Study(APEDS)

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第5期9卷 763-767页

作者： Srinivas Marmamula Rohit C Khanna Gullapalli N Rao Allen Foster Community eye Health research centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye careL V Prasad Eye Institute brien holden eye research centre L V Prasad Eye Institute School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales

AIM： To report the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment（UVI） in rural population of all ages in rural Andhra Pradesh, India.·METHODS： A population-based cross sectional study using a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology was carried out in West Godavari, Adilabad and Mahbubnagar districts in south India. A comprehensive eye examination that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity and dilated fundus examination was conducted by trained professionals. UVI is defined as presenting visual acuity 6/18 in one eye but ≥6/18 in other eye. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test association of UVI with socio-demographic risk factors.· RESULTS： Data were analyzed for 6634/7771 participants after excluding those with bilateral visual impairment. The mean age of the participants was 27.4y（Standard deviation： 17.9y）, 51.9% were women and49.1% were educated. The prevalence of UVI was 7.8%（95% CI： 7.2%- 8.5%）. Uncorrected refractive error（60.8%）, cataract（17.4%） and retinal causes（6.6%） were the leading causes of UVI. On multiple logistic regression analyses, older age, not having education, living in welloff district had significantly higher odds of being associated with UVI. UVI was not associated with gender.·CONCLUSION： UVI is common in rural south *** of it is due to cataract and refractive errors, both of which can be addressed at primary and secondary levelsof eye care. Burden of UVI should also be considered in planning eye care services.

关键词： visual impairment cataract refractive errors India Andhra Pradesh eye Disease Study

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Cell proliferation and apoptosis in optic nerve and brain integration centers of adult trout Oncorhynchus mykiss after optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2016年第4期11卷 578-590页

作者： Evgeniya V.Pushchina Sachin Shukla Anatoly A.Varaksin Dmitry K.Obukhov Laboratory of Cytophysiology A.V.Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Prof.brien holden eye research centre L.V.Prasad Eye Institute St.Petersburg State University Universitetskaya

Fishes have remarkable ability to effectively rebuild the structure of nerve cells and nerve fibers after central nervous system ***,the underlying mechanism is poorly *** order to address this issue,we investigated the proliferation and apoptosis of cells in contralateral and ipsilateral optic nerves,after stab wound injury to the eye of an adult trout Oncorhynchus *** population of proliferating cells was investigated at 1 week after *** labeling gave a qualitative and quantitative assessment of apoptosis in the cells of optic nerve of trout 2 days after *** optic nerve injury,apoptotic response was investigated,and mass patterns of cell migration were *** maximal concentration of apoptotic bodies was detected in the areas of mass clumps of *** is probably indicative of massive cell death in the area of high phagocytic activity of macrophages/*** 1 week after optic nerve injury,we observed nerve cell proliferation in the trout brain integration centers：the cerebellum and the optic *** the optic tectum,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）-immunopositive radial glia-like cells were *** activity of nerve cells was detected in the dorsal proliferative（matrix） area of the cerebellum and in parenchymal cells of the molecular and granular layers whereas local clusters of undifferentiated cells which formed neurogenic niches were observed in both the optic tectum and cerebellum after optic nerve *** vitro analysis of brain cells of trout showed that suspension cells compared with monolayer cells retain higher proliferative activity,as evidenced by PCNA *** contrast observation showed mitosis in individual cells and the formation of neurospheres which gradually increased during 1–4 days of *** present findings suggest that trout can be used as a novel model for studying neuronal regeneration.

关键词： nerve regeneration proliferation apoptosis optic nerve brain radial glia cells neurogenic niches neurospheres neural regeneration

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Utilization of eye care services among those with unilateral visual impairment in rural South India：Andhra Pradesh eye Disease Study(APEDS)

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 473-479页

作者： Srinivas Marmamula Giridhar Pyda Rohit C Khanna Allen Foster Community eye Health research centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India brien holden eye research centre L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Fellow L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia brien holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India

AIM：To report on the utilization of eye care services and its associated factors among those with unilateral visual impairment（VI）in a rural South Indian ***：A population based cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts（Adilabad,Mahbubnagar and West Godavari）in the state of Andhra Pradesh,India.A detailed interview and a comprehensive eye examination were conducted. Those with unilateral VI were asked questions about noticing any change in vision and on utilization of eye care services. The most important reason reported by the participant for not utilizing the services was used for the analysis. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between noticing a change in vision and socio-demographic variables such as age,gender,education and area of residence,severity and causes of ***：Among the 4456 participants aged ≥16y who were administered the questionnaire,53.2% were women,and 54.7% had no education. Of the 489（11%; 95% CI：10.1-11.9）people with unilateral VI,399（81.6%）participants reported noticing a change in their vision over the last five years but only 136（34.1%）participants had soughteye care consultation. Those who had any education（OR：1.9; 95% CI：1.1-3.2）,had blindness（OR：2.7; 95% CI：1.4-5.2）,and cataract（OR：2.1; 95% CI：1.0-4.3）as a cause of unilateral VI were more like to seek eye care consultations. The most commonly reported reasons for not seeking eye care services were ＂do not have money for eye checkup＂ in 30.7% of the participants followed by ＂do not have a serious problem＂（30.0%）.CONCLUSION：A large proportion of rural population though noticed a change in their vision did not seek eye care due to financial and person-related reasons. eye care service providers need to address these barriers to enhance the uptake of eye care services among those with unilateral VI.

关键词： unilateral visual impairment socio-demographic variables Andhra Pradesh eye Disease Study India

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Delivery strategies for CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool for retinal dystrophies:challenges and opportunities

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第2期17卷 153-176页

作者： Aayushi Lohia Deepak Kumar Sahel Mohd Salman Vivek Singh Indumathi Mariappan Anupama Mittal Deepak Chitkara Department of Pharmacy Birla Institute of Technology and SciencePilani(BITS-Pilani)Vidya Vihar CampusPilani 333031India Prof.brien holden eye research Center Champalimaud Translational Centre for Eye ResearchL.V.Prasad Eye InstituteKallam Anji Reddy CampusHyderabad 500034India

CRISPR/Cas,an adaptive immune system in bacteria,has been adopted as an efficient and precise tool for site-specific gene editing with potential therapeutic *** has been explored for a variety of applications,including gene modulation,epigenome editing,diagnosis,mRNA editing,*** has found applications in retinal dystrophic conditions including progressive cone and cone-rod dystrophies,congenital stationary night blindness,X-linked juvenile retinoschisis,retinitis pigmentosa,age-related macular degeneration,leber’s congenital amaurosis,*** of the therapies for retinal dystrophic conditions work by regressing symptoms instead of reversing the ***/Cas9 through indel could impart beneficial effects in the reversal of gene mutations in dystrophic *** research has also consolidated on the approaches of using CRISPR systems for retinal dystrophies but their delivery to the posterior part of the eye is a major concern due to high molecular weight,negative charge,and in vivo stability of CRISPR ***,non-viral vectors have gained interest due to their potential in tissue-specific nucleic acid(miRNA/siRNA/CRISPR)*** review highlights the opportunities of retinal dystrophies management using CRISPR/Cas nanomedicine.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Gene editing Retinal dystrophies Non-viral nanocarriers

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Changes in post-keratoplasty astigmatism after suture removal:refraction vs tomography vs aberrometry

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第11期14卷 1707-1713页

作者： Suraj Kumar Chaurasiya Jagadesh C.Reddy Pravin K.Vaddavalli Christopher J.Rapuano brien holden School of Optometry and Vision Sciences L V Prasad Eye Institute(LVPEI)Hyderabad 500034India Cataract and Refractive Surgery Services The Cornea InstituteL V Prasad Eye Institute(LVPEI)Hyderabad 500034India Comea Service Wills Eye HospitalPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19107USA

AIM:To analyse the changes in magnitude and orientation of astigmatism after suture removal(SR)in keratoplasty eyes as measured by refraction,tomography,and ***:Twenty-six eyes of 25 patients after optical keratoplasty requiring SR to reduce the astigmatism during the follow-up period were prospectively *** with poor quality topography scans or if there were no sutures in the steepest semi meridian were *** distance visual acuity(CDVA),manifest refraction,corneal tomography and aberrometr y were per formed on all patients before and after ***:The mean age of the patients was 40.8±14.4 *** keratoplasty was performed in 23 eyes(89%)and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty was done in 3 eyes(11%).There was a statistically significant reduction in the magnitude of refractive,tomographic and aberrometry astigmatism after SR(P<0.001)at 2 h after suture *** mean net reduction of the astigmatism was greater as measured by corneal tomography compared to refractive astigmatism(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant change in refractive astigmatism between 2 h and 2 mo after SR(P=0.55).Vector calculations demonstrated a greater amount of undercorrection in the tomography group and the rotational error was more towards counterclockwise *** monocular log MAR CDVA improved from 0.57 D to 0.49 D after SR(P=0.002).CONCLUSION:The net reduction in the magnitude of astigmatism after SR is greater in the tomography and aberrometry *** one episode of SR,there is no difference in the aberration profile.

关键词： keratoplasty astigmatism suture removal

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Hydrogen Sulfide in Proliferating and Differentiated Cells in Primary Cultures of Juvenile Brain of Masu Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus masou</i>

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第8期6卷 539-545页

作者： Evgeniya V. Pushchina Sachin Shukla Anatoly A. Varaksin Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok Russia Prof. brien holden eye research centre L.V. Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad India

Analysis of proliferative activity and the ability to neuron differentiation was performed in cultured cells of the brain and spinal cord of juvenile masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was used as a proliferative marker, while the markers of neuronal differentiation—a neuron protein HuCD, and a neuron-specific transcriptional factor with two DNA- binding sites Pax6—detected neurons. The results showed that cell proliferation occurred mainly in the suspension cell fraction. In monolayer, a few cells were only found to express PCNA. The results of morphological and immunohistochemical analysis allow us to conclude that proliferative activity in primary cultures from the O. masou brain is mainly connected with the suspension fraction of small cells. In contrast, a positive correlation between the cells expressing cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), a marker of H2S synthesis, and the cells expressing PCNA in the monolayer, indicates the participation of H2S in proliferative activity of neurons in primary cultures. The data obtained suggest that the hydrogen sulphide is also involved in the process of differentiation.

关键词： Cell Culture Fish PCNA HuCD Hydrogen Sulfide Pax6 Regeneration Adult Neurogenesis

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Response of L V Prasad eye Institute to COVID-19 outbreak in India:experience at its tertiary eye care centre and adoption to its eye Health Pyramid

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Rohit C Khanna Prashant Garg Pravin K Vaddavalli Merle Fernandes Suryasnata Rath Sameera Nayak Raja Narayanan Rajeev Reddy Pappuru Swathi Kaliki Anthony Vipin Das Savitri Sharma Subhadra Jalali Allen Foster Community eye Health research centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye CareL V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500030India brien holden eye research centre L V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabadTelangana 500034India School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South WalesSydney 2033Australia University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA Kallam Anji Reddy Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500034India Grandhi Mallikarjun Rao Varalakshmi Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteVishakhapatnamAndhra Pradesh 530040India Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteBhubaneswaraOdisha 751024India Kode Venkatadri Chowdary Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteVijayawada 521134India Department of eyeSmart EMR&Aeye L V Prasad Eye Institute 500034India

AIM:To summarize the experience of response to COVID-19 outbreak at a tertiary eye care institute and its network of health facilities in ***:Our responses are based on the principles of social distancing,hand hygiene,respiratory etiquettes,surface disinfection protocol,and rational use of appropriate personal protective equipment(PPE).We describe our response in terms of administrative controls,clinical protocols,staff protection,environmental controls,and social distancing *** also discuss our communication strategies and monitoring systems,to ensure compliance to ***:Administrative control is mainly related to formation of task force and its *** protocols are related to patient triaging methods and clinical examination guidelines in Outpatient,Inpatient and Operating *** protection is focused on training staff on the protocols to be followed in hospital as well as at home,and use of *** protocol is focused on cleaning and disinfectant methods to be used in the *** addition,there are systems for communication as well as monitoring compliance to ***:We hope that these protocols and our experience would help the ophthalmic community globally and serve as a guide to protect ophthalmologists and ophthalmic care personnel,and their patients across the world.

关键词： COVID-19 coronavirus India ophthalmology pandemic care practices pandemic protocols eye care

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Poverty and eye Health

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Health 2014年第14期6卷 1849-1860页

作者： Jyoti Jaggernath Lene Overland Prasidh Ramson Vilas Kovai Ving Fai Chan Kovin S.Naidoo African Vision research Institute University of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanSouth Africa Vision Cooperative research centre SydneyAustralia Orbis Africa Cape TownSouth Africa brien holden Vision Institute SydneyAustralia brien holden Vision Institute DurbanSouth Africa

Poverty and eye health, including vision disability from vision impairment and blindness, are believed to be interrelated. The relationship between poverty and eye health can be interpreted as being two-fold, in the sense that poverty may be a cause of poor eye health and poor eye health may lead to or deepen poverty. Evidence shows that the burden of vision impairment is high in poor people and vision impairment and poverty are linked to each other. However the empirical evidence to answer the questions—Does poverty perpetuate poor eye health? How and why? Does poor eye health deepen poverty?—is sparse globally;especially from low and middle income countries (LMICs). This article therefore aims to examine published information and other secondary data sources that provide insight on the relationship between poverty and eye health, including eye disability caused from vision impairment and blindness. The article provides a conceptual understanding of poverty related attributes that contribute to eye disability from vision impairment and blindness, using evidence sourced from poverty and eye health research studies. The article interrogates general theories and beliefs that have been conceptualised in relation to the impact that the vicious cycle of poverty has on eye health and the contribution of poor eye health on an individual’s poverty status. The major outcomes of this article include: 1) identifying gaps in linking poverty and eye health, 2) establishing key issues that will assist in the development of a theoretical framework, and 3) preparing more appropriately for further investigation on the association between poverty and eye health.

关键词： Poverty eye Health Disability Barriers Vision Impairment Blindness

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Health literacy of adult Vietnamese population in relation to common eye conditions and factors for not seeking an eye examination

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eye Science 2016年第3期31卷 130-139页

作者： Prakash Paudel Thomas Naduvilath Vilas Kovai Ha Thanh Phuong Suit May Ho David Wilson brien holden Vision Institute SydneyAustralia chool of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia

Background:The aim of this study was to assess the health literacy of adult Vietnamese population in relation to common eye conditions and identify factors associated with respondents never having had an eye ***:Four hundred households from two districts of Ba Ria-Vung Tau(BRVT) province were selected by multistage cluster random *** adult from each household was administered a pre-tested knowledge,attitude and practices toward eye health ***-square test and logistic regression were used for statistical ***:Of the 400 subjects interviewed(mean age:51.5±14.5 years;range,30-90 years),53.5%reported never having had an eye examination and 38.0%had *** of eye conditions ranged from7.0%for glaucoma to 52.8%for red *** awareness of these conditions was significantly associated with rural habitation(odds ratio ranged from 1.65 to 2.78),lower educational attainment(odds ratio ranged from 1.78 to 2.59) and non-spectacle wear(odds ratio ranged from 1.88 to 4.55).Significant barriers to eye examination included lower educational attainment,reported absence of eye problems,non-spectacle wear,lack of affordability,and lack of health ***:Knowledge of and attitude or practices to eye health is low within the general public in Vietnam,especially among those who have never had an eye examination,are less educated and live in rural *** health promotion activities are warranted for the population and specific factors that influence eye examination visits should be addressed.

关键词： Awareness epidemiology eye disease public health Vietnam

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Using choroidal thickness to detect myopic macular degeneration

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 317-323页

作者： Ran Liu Meng Xuan De-Cai Wang Ou Xiao Xin-Xing Guo Jian Zhang Wei Wang Monica Jong Padmaja Sankaridurg Kyoko Ohno-Matsui Qiu-Xia Yin Ming-Guang He Zhi-Xi Li State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina New England College of Optometry BostonMassachusetts 02115USA Wilmer eye Institute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21231USA brien holden Vision Institute Sydney 2052Australia School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo 113-8510Japan School of Optometry the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina research centre for SHARP Vision the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina Center for eye and Vision research(CEVR) 17W Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong SARChina

AIM:To explore the usage of choroidal thickness measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)to detect myopic macular degeneration(MMD)in high myopic ***:Participants with bilateral high myopia(≤−6 diopters)were recruited from a subset of the Guangzhou Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center-brien holden Vision Institute High Myopia Cohort ***-OCT was performed to determine the choroidal thickness,and myopic maculopathy was graded by the International Meta-Analysis for Pathologic Myopia(META-PM)Classiﬁ*** of MMD was defined as META-PM category 2 or ***:A total of 568 right eyes were included for *** with MMD(n=106,18.7%)were found to have older age,longer axial lengths(AL),higher myopic spherical equivalents(SE),and reduced choroidal thickness in each Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)grid sector(P<0.001).The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves(AUC)for subfoveal choroidal thickness(0.907)was greater than that of the model,including age,AL,and SE at 0.6249,0.8208,and 0.8205,*** choroidal thickness of the inner and outer nasal sectors was the most accurate indicator of MMD(AUC of 0.928 and 0.923,respectively).An outer nasal sector choroidal thickness of less than 74μm demonstrated the highest odds of predicting MMD(OR=33.8).CONCLUSION:Choroidal thickness detects the presence of MMD with high agreement,particularly of the inner and outer nasal sectors of the posterior pole,which appears to be a biometric parameter more precise than age,AL,or SE.

关键词： high myopia choroidal thickness myopic macular degeneration swept-source optical coherence tomography

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