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Environmental drivers of soil microbial activity and diversity along an elevational gradient

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Journal of mountain Science 2022年第5期19卷 1336-1347页

作者： PENG Si-li GE Zhi-wei LIU Gang-cai MAO Ling-feng Co-Innovation Center for sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Key Laboratory of mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of ScienceChengdu 610041China

Microbial functional and structural patterns and drivers along elevational gradients have recently received increasing *** this study,we examined soil bacterial and fungal community diversity,compositions,and microbial activities(i.e.,soil basal respiration and extracellular enzyme activities)across an elevational gradient from 1148 m to 2080 m(consists of six elevations)in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley located in Southwest *** factors,including soil temperature,moisture content,pH,soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),the C/N ratio,total phosphorus(TP),and aboveground plant biomass were also *** results showed that soil bacterial alpha diversity(Shannon index)was unaffected by elevation,whereas fungal alpha diversity firstly increased significantly from 1148 m to 1539 m but did not increase further at higher *** Shannon index was significantly correlated with SOC,whereas fungal Shannon index was remarkably associated with soil *** activity,beta diversities and community composition varied with elevation,but none of them showed a consistent *** Carlo test revealed that soil moisture followed by temperature,and pH,were the primary drivers of bacterial community *** fungal community composition significantly depended on soil ***,our study suggested bacterial diversity and composition were determined by climatic(moisture and temperature)and edaphic properties(SOC and pH),while fungal diversity and composition were structured mainly by climatic *** findings may contribute to a better understanding of microbial responses along elevational gradients in this semi-arid region.

关键词： Bacteria Fungi Composition and diversity Basal respiration Enzyme activity

Post-earthquake economic resilience and recovery efficiency in the border areas of the Tibetan Plateau: A case study of areas affected by the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake in Sichuan, China in 2008

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第8期30卷 1363-1381页

作者： ZHOU Kan LIU Baoyin FAN Jie Key Laboratory of Regional sustainable development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China Institute of Science and development CASBeijing 100190China

The border areas of the Tibetan Plateau and the neighboring mountainous areas have a high incidence of earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Ms 5.0, as well as having a dense distribution of geological disasters such as collapses, landslides, and debris flows. Revealing the post-disaster economic development and recovery process is very important for enhancing disaster prevention and response capacity in order to formulate control policies and recovery methods for post-disaster economic reconstruction based on economic resilience. Using long-term socioeconomic data and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, this paper calculated the economic resilience index of the areas most severely affected by the Wenchuan Earthquake of 2008 and adopted the improved variable returns to scale (VRS) date envelopment analysis (DEA) model and the Malmquist productivity index to analyze the efficiency and effect of annual post-disaster recovery. The results show that: (1) the economic resilience index of the areas most severely affected by the Wenchuan Earthquake was 0.877. The earthquake resulted in a short-term economic recession in the affected areas, but the economy returned to pre-quake levels within two years. In addition, the industrial economy was less resilient than agriculture and the service industry. (2) The comprehensive economic recovery efficiency of the disaster-stricken area in the year following the disaster was 0.603. The comprehensive efficiency, the pure technical efficiency, and the scale efficiency of the plain and hilly areas were significantly greater than those of the plateau and mountain areas. (3) The annual fluctuation in total factor productivity (TFP) following the disaster was considerable, and the economic recovery efficiency decreased significantly, resulting in a short-term economic recession. The TFP index returned to steady state following decreases of 33.7% and 15.2%, respectively, in the two years following the

关键词： economic resilience recovery efficiency Malmquist productivity index post-disaster reconstruction area Wenchuan Earthquake border areas of the Tibetan Plateau

Construction of Circular Economy Industrial System

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2007年第4期5卷 26-30页

作者： Cao Man Ye Wenhu Research Center for China sustainable development Peking University Beijing 100871 China

It is difficult to realize the transformation from traditional economy industrial system to circular economy industrial system. Regarding primary raw materials as the indicators, the industrial system has been specified according to the divergence among the indicators and the circular utilization modes. In comparison with the association among industrial systems, the relationship among industrial sub-systems is named as industrial cross-linking in this paper. The industrial system which could completely utiLize and recycle the indicators shouM be increased and strengthened, and the circular economy industrial system with complete industrial association and industrial cross-linking should also be constructed. Taking the development of circular agricultural system basing on the traditional agricultural system as an example, the traditional agricultural products are regarded as the indicators which have been divided into foodstuff and crop straws which are used to produce food and articles for use, Like fertilizer, energy and papers etc. The way to construct the circular agricultural industrial system is to increase the industrial systems that could utilize the products generated from crop straws, feces and other castoffs and transform the wastewater and other trucks into environmental friendly products. It has also been pointed out that the construction of circular economy industrial system is conducive to the foundation of circular industrial economics and the establishment of the construction layout of circular economy and the application schemes. Suggestions to the theoretical and practical work of the next step have also been brought forward in this paper.

关键词： circular economy industrial system industrial structure construction

Web software reliability modeling with random impulsive shocks

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2014年第2期25卷 349-356页

作者： Jianfeng Yang Ming Zhao Wensheng Hu College of Computer Science & Technology Guizhou University Reliability Engineering Center Guizhou University Faculty of Technology and sustainable development University of Gvle

As the web-server based business is rapidly developed and popularized, how to evaluate and improve the reliability of web-servers has been extremely important. Although a large num- ber of software reliability growth models （SRGMs）, including those combined with multiple change-points （CPs）, have been available, these conventional SRGMs cannot be directly applied to web soft- ware reliability analysis because of the complex web operational profile. To characterize the web operational profile precisely, it should be realized that the workload of a web server is normally non-homogeneous and often observed with the pattern of random impulsive shocks. A web software reliability model with random im- pulsive shocks and its statistical analysis method are developed. In the proposed model, the web server workload is characterized by a geometric Brownian motion process. Based on a real data set from IIS server logs of ICRMS website （***）, the proposed model is demonstrated to be powerful for estimating impulsive shocks and web software reliability.

关键词： web software software reliability growth model(SRGM) change-point (CP) impulsive shocks geometric Brown-ian motion.

Background, Pattern and Policy of China for Developing Circular Economy

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第4期6卷 3-8页

作者： Zhu Dajian Research Institute of Governance for sustainable development under Tongji University 200092 Shanghai China

Circular economy has become one of China’s im- portant strategies to realize scientific development and build ecological civilization at present. As in China circular economy was put forward as a new economic pattern, the international community generally holds that this is an innovative move for China’s economy to realize leap-forward development and hopes to learn more about the theory, policy and practice relating to China’s circular economy. This article introduces and comments on the necessity to develop circular economy in China, implications and characteristics of China’s circular economy, and China’s main practices and policies to promote it at present.

关键词： circular economy China Pattern C

China's CDM Policies and Their development Implications:Major Concerns for CDM Implementation

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2006年第2期4卷 3-27页

作者： Zhu Xianli Pan Jiahua Research Centre for sustainable development Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing 100732 China

Most CDM (Clean development Mechanism) opportunities exist in some large industrializing developing countries. For instance, China is estimated to take 48% of the world potential for CDM project activities. In reality, however, the share by China over the CDM projects registered and CDM projects in the pipeline is less than 10% as of Auguest 2005. This paper will examine the reasons behind, as reflected in China's CDM policies. Further investigation will be made into the use of these policies to boost the country's sustainable development, the sustainable development implications and effects of these policies. In addition, it is noted that incompatibility of some other Chinese laws and policies can be responsible for the low level and slow pace of CDM implementation in China and some suggestions are offered for promoting CDM project activities in China. There also exist barriers at the international level that impedes implementation of CDM project activities. A conclusion is drawn that CDM policies in a developing country like China aim mainly at promotion of sustainable development and to a lesser extent the generation of CERs.

关键词： case study China’s CDM policies development implications

Doped high-entropy glassy materials to create optical coherence from maximally disordered systems

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 1945-1947页

作者： Michele Marrocco Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Resources ENEA(Italian National Agency for New TechnologiesEnergy and Sustainable Economic Development)RomeItaly

Control over excitation wavelengths,sample size,and doping concentrations in glassy materials with high levels of configuration entropy shows promises of efficient correlation between absorption and build-up of cohere... 详细信息

关键词： entropy optical high

Spatiotemporal analysis of drought variability based on the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index in the Koshi River Basin, Nepal

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第5期13卷 433-454页

作者： Nirmal M DAHAL XIONG Donghong Nilhari NEUPANE Belayneh YIGEZ ZHANG Baojun YUAN Yong Saroj KOIRALA LIU Lin FANG Yiping Institute of mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China branch of sustainable mountain development Kathmandu Center for Research and EducationCAS-TUKathmandu 44600Nepal Sino-Nepal Joint Research Centre for Geography IMHE-TU-YNUKathmandu 44600Nepal International Centre for Integrated mountain development(ICIMOD) LalitpurGPO 3226Nepal

Drought is an inevitable condition with negative impacts in the agricultural and climatic sectors,especially in developing *** study attempts to examine the spatial and temporal characteristics of drought and its trends in the Koshi River Basin(KRB)in Nepal,using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)over the period from 1987 to *** Mann-Kendall test was used to explore the trends of the SPEI *** study illustrated the increasing annual and seasonal drought trends in the KRB over the study ***,the hill region of the KRB showed substantial increasing drought trends at the annual and seasonal scales,especially in summer and *** mountain region also showed a significant increasing drought trend in *** drought characteristic analysis indicated that the maximum duration,intensity,and severity of drought events were observed in the KRB after *** Terai region presented the highest drought frequency and intensity,while the hill region presented the longest maximum drought ***,the spatial extent of drought showed a significant increasing trend in the hill region at the monthly(drought station proportion of 7.6%/10 a in August),seasonal(drought station proportion of 7.2%/10 a in summer),and annual(drought station proportion of 6.7%/10 a)*** findings of this study can assist local governments,planners,and project implementers in understanding drought and developing appropriate mitigation strategies to cope with its impacts.

关键词： drought duration drought intensity drought severity standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index mountains hills Terai

Spatial Structural Pattern and Vulnerability of China-Japan-Korea Shipping Network

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第5期27卷 697-708页

作者： GUO Jianke WANG Shaobo WANG Dandan LIU Tianbao Center for Studies of Marine Economy and sustainable development Liaoning Normal University Institute of Finance and Economics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

The economies of China-Japan-Korea （CJK） are complementary, with their proximity resulting in the three countries having a high degree of interdependence with respect to trade. Currently, trade among these countries relies mainly on port-centered shipping. The development of the shipping network is integral for in-depth integration of CJK trade. This paper analyzes the overall characteristics, centrality, spatial structure, and vulnerability of the CJK shipping network using the methods of complex network analysis, blocking flow theory, and interruption and deletion of hub ports. The main findings are as follows： 1） The CJK shipping network has a small average path length and clustering coefficient, and its degree distribution follows a power-law distribution, which make the network present obvious characteristics of a Barabasi-Albert scale-free. 2） The characteristics of the multi-center point of the CJK shipping network can alleviate traffic pressure. At the same time, the network shows a clear hierarchy in the port transportation system, with cargo transport relying mainly on the ‘hub port-hub port＇ connection. 3） The CJK shipping network is relatively stable. Compared with ports in Japan and Korea, the main hub ports in China have a greater impact on the stability of the shipping network, in particular those ports of the central coastal region, including Shanghai, Ningbo, and Lianyungang.

关键词： complex network blocking flow theory Barabhsi-Albert scale-free network regional differences China-Japan-Korea