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Three dimensional finite element analysis of anatomic distal radius Nitinol memory connector treating distal radius fracture

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2003年第4期18卷 226-229页

作者：苏佳灿张春才禹宝庆许硕贵王家林纪方张雪松吴建国王保华薛召军丁祖泉 Department of Orthopedics Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China Institute of Life Science and Biological Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Institute of Life Science and Biological Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 Chinabjective: To study the memory biomechanical character of anatomic distal radius Nitinol memory connector ( DRMC) in treating distal radius fracture. Methods: Establishing three dimensional model and finite element analysis we calculated the stress in and around the fracture faces when distal radius fracture was fixated with DRMC. Results: Axial holding stress produced by holding part of DRMC on distal radius was 14. 66 MPa. The maximum stress of holding part was 40-70 MPa the minimum stress was 3-7 MPa and the stress of compression part was 20 - 40 MPa. Conclusion: The distribution of stress produced by DRMC around the fracture line is reasonable and axial holding stress can help stabilize fracture during earlier period. The existence of longitudal compression and memory effect can transfer fixated disused section into developed section and enhance fracture healing.

Objective: To study the memory biomechanical character of anatomic distal radius Nitinol memory connector (DRMC) in treating distal radius fracture. Methods: Establishing three dimensional model and finite element analysis, we calculated the stress in and around the fracture faces when distal radius fracture was fixated with DRMC. Results: Axial holding stress produced by holding part of DRMC on distal radius was 14.66 MPa. The maximum stress of holding part was 40-70 MPa, the minimum stress was 3-7 MPa,and the stress of compression part was 20-40 MPa. Conclusion: The distribution of stress produced by DRMC around the fracture line is reasonable, and axial holding stress can help stabilize fracture during earlier period. The existence of longitudal compression and memory effect can transfer fixated disused section into developed section and enhance fracture healing.

关键词： distal radius Nitinol memory connector distal radius fracture 3 dimensional finite element analysis memory biomechanics

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Effect of Electroacupuncture on Expression of p53 Protein in Cerebral Cortex of Rats with Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

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Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2004年第2期10卷 135-137页

作者：卜渊耿德勤葛巍徐兴顺曾因明 Xuzhou Medical College Present address Internal Neurological Department of Xuzhou City Hospital of TCM Xuzhou Jiangsu (221000) Internal Neurological Department Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College Key Laboratory of anesthesiology Xuzhou Medical Collegebjective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on expression of p53 protein in cerebral cortex of senile rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and to explore its mechanism. Methods: The cerebral IR injury rat model was established referring to Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion method. Thirty-six SD rats were randomly and evenly divided into the control group the IR group and the IR plus EA (IR-EA) group. The animals in the control group were subjected to electrocauterization of vertebral arteries in bilateral flank orifice alone with the general carotid arteries unoccluded. To rats in the IR-EA group immediately and 24h 48h 72h after cerebral IR EA treatment on bilateral acupoint "Zusanli" (ST36) was applied once a day lasting for 60 minutes. After the final treatment all the rats were sacrificed and their brains were taken to examine p53 protein expression by the immunohistochemical method. Results: Cells with positive p53 immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex of rats in the IR group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0. 05) while that in the IR-EA group was significantly lower than that in the IR group ( P<0. 05). Conclusion: EA could remarkably reduce expression of p53 protein in the cerebral cortex of senile rats with global cerebral IR injury which might be one of the means for EA to inhibit neuronal ap-optosis after cerebral IR injury.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on expression of p53 protein in cerebral cortex of senile rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and to explore its mechanism. Methods: The cerebral IR injury rat model was established referring to Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion method. Thirty-six SD rats were randomly and evenly divided into the control group, the IR group and the IR plus EA (IR-EA) group. The animals in the control group were subjected to electrocauterization of vertebral arteries in bilateral flank orifice alone with the general carotid arteries unoccluded. To rats in the IR-EA group, immediately and 24h, 48h, 72h after cerebral IR, EA treatment on bilateral acupoint 'Zusanli' (ST36) was applied once a day, lasting for 60 minutes. After the final treatment, all the rats were sacrificed and their brains were taken to examine p53 protein expression by the immunohistochemical method. Results: Cells with positive p53 immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex of rats in the IR group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0. 05), while that in the IR-EA group was significantly lower than that in the IR group ( P<0. 05). Conclusion: EA could remarkably reduce expression of p53 protein in the cerebral cortex of senile rats with global cerebral IR injury, which might be one of the means for EA to inhibit neuronal ap-optosis after cerebral IR injury.

关键词： electroacupuncture cerebral ischemia/reperfusion p53 protein

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RAT GDNF GENE TRANSFECTION AND EXPRESSION OF ITS mRNA AND PROTEIN IN SCHWANN CELLS

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Journal of Shanghai Second Medical University(Foreign Language Edition) 2004年第2期16卷 128-132页

作者：平萍范志宏李青峰张涤生 Department of Plastic Surgery Renji Hospital SSMU Shanghai 200127 China Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Ninth People's Hospital SSMU Shanghai 200011 China Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Ninth People's Hospital SSMU Shanghai 200011 Chinabjective To investigate the possibility of the transfection of glial-cell line derived neurotro-phic factor (GDNF) gene into Schwann cells (SCs). Methods SCs cultures from sciatic nerves of neonatal rats were established. A recombinant retrovirus vector containing GDNF gene was constructed and transferred into SCs. Expression levels of GDNF mRNA and protein were respectively identified with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. Determination of GDNF synthesis rates from Retro. pLNCX2-GDNF-transduced SCs (GDNF-SCs) in vitro by enzyme-linked immunoassay sensitive assay (ELISA). Biololgical activity of conditioned medium from GENF-SCs was analysed by co-culture with rat motoneurons. Results Transfection of GDNF gene into SCs lead to significantly enhanced expression of GDNF mRNA and protein. The rate of GDNF secreted by GDNF-SCs was also enhanced(5. 1-fold) and more motoneurons survived co-cultured with conditioned medium of GNDF-SCs than with that of normal SCs. Conclusion GNDF gene transfection may be a better way to graft SCs promoting regeneration and repairing demyelination in PNS and CNS.

Objective To investigate the possibility of the transfection of glial-cell line derived neurotro-phic factor (GDNF) gene into Schwann cells (SCs). Methods SCs cultures from sciatic nerves of neonatal rats were established. A recombinant retrovirus vector containing GDNF gene was constructed and transferred into SCs. Expression levels of GDNF mRNA and protein were respectively identified with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. Determination of GDNF synthesis rates from Retro. pLNCX2-GDNF-transduced SCs (GDNF-SCs) in vitro by enzyme-linked immunoassay sensitive assay (ELISA). Biololgical activity of conditioned medium from GENF-SCs was analysed by co-culture with rat motoneurons. Results Transfection of GDNF gene into SCs lead to significantly enhanced expression of GDNF mRNA and protein. The rate of GDNF secreted by GDNF-SCs was also enhanced(5. 1-fold) ,and more motoneurons survived co-cultured with conditioned medium of GNDF-SCs than with that of normal SCs. Conclusion GNDF gene transfection may be a better way to graft SCs promoting regeneration and repairing demyelination in PNS and CNS.

关键词： Schwann cell GDNF gene transfection

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Synthesis and anticancer effects of 6-nitro-4-anilinoquinazolines and 6-amino-4-ani-linoquinazolines

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2003年第4期18卷 213-217页

作者：孙晓莉刘志红陈惠张生勇药立波 Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710033 China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710033 Chinabjective: To synthesize inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase such as 6-nitro-4-anilinoquinazolines and 6-amino-4-anilinoquinazolines and to compare their anticancer effects in vitro. Methods: The 4-anilinoquinazolines compounds were prepared by hydrolyzed ringed halagenated substituded in turn from 2-a-mino-5-nitrobenzylcarbonitril. The synthesized 4- anilinoquinazoline compounds has been rudimentarily screened by u-sing A431 tumor cell line which overexpresses epidermal growth factor receptor as model adopted MTT method. Results: Five 6-nitro-4-halo-sbstituted anilinoquinazolines and five 6-amino-4-halo-substituted anilinoquinazolines have been obtainedand all of them had anticancer activity. The anticancer activity of 6-amino substituted inhibitors was higher than that of 6-nitro substituted inhibitors. However the difference of anticancer activity between two series of quinazoline was much less than that of their inhibiting EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. Conclusion: The probable reason for 6-nitro-4-anilinoquinazolines having anticancer activity in vitro was that they had been partially transformed to 6-ami-no-4-anilinoquinazolines through endocellular cytochrome oxidation-reduction system.

Objective: To synthesize inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase such as 6-nitro-4-anilinoquinazolines and 6-amino-4-anilinoquinazolines,and to compare their anticancer effects in vitro. Methods: The 4-anilinoquinazolines compounds were prepared by hydrolyzed, ringed, halagenated, substituded in turn from 2-amino-5-nitrobenzylcarbonitril. The synthesized 4- anilinoquinazoline compounds has been rudimentarily screened by using A431 tumor cell line which overexpresses epidermal growth factor receptor as model adopted MTT method. Results: Five 6-nitro-4-halo-sbstituted anilinoquinazolines and five 6-amino-4-halo-substituted anilinoquinazolines have been obtained,and all of them had anticancer activity. The anticancer activity of 6-amino substituted inhibitors was higher than that of 6-nitro substituted inhibitors. However, the difference of anticancer activity between two series of quinazoline was much less than that of their inhibiting EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. Conclusion: The probable reason for 6-nitro-4-anilinoquinazolines having anticancer activity in vitro was that they had been partially transformed to 6-amino-4-anilinoquinazolines through endocellular cytochrome oxidation-reduction system.

关键词： epidermal growth factor receptor quinazoline synthesis

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Suppression of intracranial glioma tumorigenesis with vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligonucleotide in rats

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2003年第4期18卷 242-245页

作者：李维方张光霁朱诚金由辛卢亦成 Department of Neurosurgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institute of Life Sciences Chinese Academy of Sceinces Shanghai 200032 China Department of Neurosurgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 Chinabjective: To observe the inhibition of intracranial glioma tumorigenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) in rats. Methods: Totally 20 μ1 Hank's liquid containing 1×106 C6 glioma cells was seeded into rat right caudate putaraen in high-flow microinfusion with stereotactic technique. VEGF antisense ODN was simultaneously used with glioma cell. Each rat of the treated group Ⅰand the treated group Ⅱwas treated with 1 000 μmol/L VEGF antisense ODN. Each rat of the treated group Ⅲand the treated group Ⅳwas treated with 2 000 μmol/L VEGF antisense ODN. The experimental periods of the treated group Ⅰ the treated group Ⅲand the control group Ⅰwere 2 weeks those of the treated group Ⅱ the treated group Ⅳand the control group Ⅱwere 3 weeks. Before sacrifice MRI was performed on each rat. Tumor magnitude and pathologic examination were detected after samples were dissected. Results: The survival state of all treated rats was better and that of the control rats was in severe danger. The tumor volumes of the treated group Ⅰand the treated group Ⅱwere remarkably lessened. Tumor tissue could not be found macroscopically in the brain samples of the treated group Ⅲand the treated group Ⅳ but tumor nest could be found with microscopy. Tumors of the treated group I and the treated group Ⅱhad weak expressions of VEGF mRNA and VEGF while normal brains and the samples of the treated group Ⅲand the treated group Ⅳhad negative expressions but tumors of the control groups had strong expressions. Conclusion: VEGF antisense ODN used early in situ can suppress angiogenesis and growth of rat intracr

Objective: To observe the inhibition of intracranial glioma tumorigenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) in rats. Methods: Totally 20 μ1 Hank's liquid containing 1×106 C6 glioma cells was seeded into rat right caudate putaraen in high-flow microinfusion with stereotactic technique. VEGF antisense ODN was simultaneously used with glioma cell. Each rat of the treated group Ⅰ and the treated group Ⅱ was treated with 1 000 μmol/L VEGF antisense ODN. Each rat of the treated group Ⅲ and the treated group Ⅳ was treated with 2 000 μmol/L VEGF antisense ODN. The experimental periods of the treated group Ⅰ , the treated group Ⅲ and the control group Ⅰ were 2 weeks, those of the treated group Ⅱ , the treated group Ⅳ and the control group Ⅱ were 3 weeks. Before sacrifice, MRI was performed on each rat. Tumor magnitude and pathologic examination were detected after samples were dissected. Results: The survival state of all treated rats was better, and that of the control rats was in severe danger. The tumor volumes of the treated group Ⅰ and the treated group Ⅱ were remarkably lessened. Tumor tissue could not be found macroscopically in the brain samples of the treated group Ⅲ and the treated group Ⅳ, but tumor nest could be found with microscopy. Tumors of the treated group I and the treated group Ⅱ had weak expressions of VEGF mRNA and VEGF, while normal brains and the samples of the treated group Ⅲ and the treated group Ⅳ had negative expressions, but tumors of the control groups had strong expressions. Conclusion: VEGF antisense ODN used early in situ can suppress angiogenesis and growth of rat intracranial glioma to retard tumorigenesis.

关键词： antisense oligonucleotide antiangiogenesis glioma inhibition VEGF rat

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Role of p38MAPK in mediating TNF-α-induced apoptosis of rat glioma cell line C6

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2003年第5期18卷 308-311页

作者：章必成李青叶菁张丰杜光祖 Department of Pathology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710033China Department of OncologyWuhan General HospitalPLA Guangzhou Military Area CommandWuhan 430070China Department of Pathology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710033China Department of Oneology Wuhan General HospitalPLA Guangzhou Military Area CommandWuhan 430070Chinabjective: To study the role of p38MAPK in mediating TNF-α-induced apoptosis of rat glioma cell line C6. Methods: Effect of TNF-αon the proliferation of C6 cells was determined by MTT assay. The TNF-αinduced apoptosis was detected by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The expression of p38MAPK was detected by SABC method and Western-blot. The effect of SB202190 a specific inhibitor of p38MAPK on TNF-α-induced apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry and SABC method. Results: Inhibitory rate of TNF-α(2×105 U/L) on C6 cells was 43. 75% . In the TNF-αtreated group apoptotic cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy and the apoptotic rate was 37. 5% by flow cytometry. p38MAPK positive signals were detected by SABC method and Western-blot. In the SB202190 treated group the apoptotic rate was 7. 0% and no p38MAPK signals were found. Conclusion: Apoptosis of C6 cells and expression of p38MAPK can be induced by TNF-α. The activation of p38MAPK promotes the apoptosis of C6 cells.

Objective: To study the role of p38MAPK in mediating TNF-α-induced apoptosis of rat glioma cell line C6. Methods: Effect of TNF-α on the proliferation of C6 cells was determined by MTT assay. The TNF-α induced apoptosis was detected by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The expression of p38MAPK was detected by SABC method and Western-blot. The effect of SB202190, a specific inhibitor of p38MAPK, on TNF-α-induced apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry and SABC method. Results: Inhibitory rate of TNF-α(2×105 U/L) on C6 cells was 43.75%. In the TNF-α treated group, apoptotic cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy and the apoptotic rate was 37.5% by flow cytometry. p38MAPK positive signals were detected by SABC method and Western-blot. In the SB202190 treated group, the apoptotic rate was 7.0% and no p38MAPK signals were found. Conclusion: Apoptosis of C6 cells and expression of p38MAPK can be induced by TNF-α. The activation of p38MAPK promotes the apoptosis of C6 cells.

关键词： p38MAPK tumor necrosis factor glioma apoptosis SB202190

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In vitro effect of p2l^(WAF-1/CIP1) gene on growth of human glioma cells mediated by EGFR targeted non-viral vector GE7 system

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2003年第4期18卷 222-225,250页

作者：陈永新许秀兰张光霁王韦金海英卢亦成朱诚顾健人 Department of Neurosurgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 China Department of Neurosurgery No. 85 Hospital of Chinese PLA Shanghai 200052 China National Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai 200032 China Department of Neurosurgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 China National Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai 200032 Chinabjective: To construct the EGFR targeted non-viral vector GE7 system and explore the in vitro effect of p21WAF-1/CIPI gene on growth of human glioma cells mediated by the GE7 system. Methods: The EGFR targeted non-viral vector GE7 gene delivery system was constructed. The malignant human glioma cell line U251MG was transfected in vitro with β-galactosidase gene ( reporter gene) and p21WAF-1/CIPI gee (therapeutic gene) using the GE7 system. By means of X-gal staining MTS and FACS the transfection efficiency of exogenous gene and apoptosis rate of tumor cells were examined. The expression of p21WAF-1/ CIPI gene in transfected U251MG cell was examined by immunohistochemis-try staining. Results: The highest transfer rate of exogenous gene was 70% . After transfection with p21WAF-1/CIPI gene the expression of WAF-1 increased remarkably and steadily the growth of U251MG cells were inhibited evidently. FACS examination showed G1 arrest. The average apoptosis rate was 25.2%. Conclusion: GE7 system has the ability to transfer exogenous gene to targeted cells efficiently and expression of p21WAF-1/CIPI gene can induce apoptosis of glioma cell and inhibit its growth.

Objective: To construct the EGFR targeted non-viral vector GE7 system and explore the in vitro effect of p21WAF-1/CIPI gene on growth of human glioma cells mediated by the GE7 system. Methods: The EGFR targeted non-viral vector GE7 gene delivery system was constructed. The malignant human glioma cell line U251MG was transfected in vitro with β-galactosidase gene ( reporter gene) and p21WAF-1/CIPI gee (therapeutic gene) using the GE7 system. By means of X-gal staining, MTS and FACS, the transfection efficiency of exogenous gene and apoptosis rate of tumor cells were examined. The expression of p21WAF-1/ CIPI gene in transfected U251MG cell was examined by immunohistochemis-try staining. Results: The highest transfer rate of exogenous gene was 70% . After transfection with p21WAF-1/CIPI gene, the expression of WAF-1 increased remarkably and steadily; the growth of U251MG cells were inhibited evidently. FACS examination showed G1 arrest. The average apoptosis rate was 25.2%. Conclusion: GE7 system has the ability to transfer exogenous gene to targeted cells efficiently, and expression of p21WAF-1/CIPI gene can induce apoptosis of glioma cell and inhibit its growth.

关键词： glioma EGFR targeted non-viral vector p21^(WAF-1CIPI) apoptosis immunohistochemistry

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Use of video-assisted thoracoscope in 121 cases of cardiac surgery

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2003年第5期18卷 321-324页

作者：徐学增俞世强程云阁蔡振杰段大为王红兵陈文生 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710033China Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710033Chinabjective: To sum up 121 cases of heart disease operations with the help of thoracoscope from May to August in 2000. Among these cases 48 cases were atrial septal defect (ASD) the average age of patients is 20±10 years old average weight is (43±16) kg. 67 patients with ventricular septal defects (VSD) average age13±9 years old one male patient 44 years old with Ebstein malformation one female patient (21 years old) partial atrioventricu-lar canal combined with cor triatriatum one male (21 years old) with ruptared aneuryem of aortic sinus. 3 cases(all females ) with mitral stenosis combined with mitral valve incompetence. One male patient (aged 16) with pericardiun effusion after trauma. Methods: During operations a patient with supine position and his/her right shoulder was padded 30°higher. Tracheal cannula was inserted and air was piped in with high frequency jet ventilation. Three mini tho-racotomies with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm were made in the 4th intercostals space of the right par sternum and the 4th and 7th intercostals spaces of the right middle axillary line respectively. An periphera extra corporeal circulation was made. the aortic clamp was clamped cannula for cold perfusion. After the heart was sliced and a reformative operation was performed. The process of the operation of defects repairs was finished under the thoracoscope. The other operations were performed with the help of thoracoscope. 3 rheumatic heart disease patients got 25# mechanical mitral valve prosthesis. A 30# tricuspid plasty ring was applied to The Ebstein malformation patient. Results: all 121 patients were successfully operated on without death. Two VSD cases appeared transient third degree atrialventricular block. Because 4 cases had more chest drainage so they were stanched bleeding twice. After the operation he

Objective: To sum up 121 cases of heart disease operations with the help of thoracoscope from May to August in 2000. Among these cases, 48 cases were atrial septal defect (ASD); the average age of patients is 20±10 years old; average weight is (43±16) kg. 67 patients with ventricular septal defects (VSD), average age13±9 years old; one male patient, 44 years old with Ebstein malformation; one female patient (21 years old) partial atrioventricular canal combined with cor triatriatum; one male (21 years old) with ruptared aneuryem of aortic sinus. 3 cases(all females ) with mitral stenosis combined with mitral valve incompetence. One male patient(aged 16)with pericardiun effusion after trauma. Methods: During operations, a patient with supine position, and his/her right shoulder was padded 30°higher. Tracheal cannula was inserted and air was piped in with high frequency jet ventilation. Three mini thoracotomies with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm were made in the 4th intercostals space of the right par sternum and the 4th and 7th intercostals spaces of the right middle axillary line respectively. An periphera extra corporeal circulation was made. the aortic clamp was clamped, cannula for cold perfusion. After the heart was sliced and a reformative operation was performed. The process of the operation of defects repairs was finished under the thoracoscope. The other operations were performed with the help of thoracoscope. 3 rheumatic heart disease patients got 25# mechanical mitral valve prosthesis. A 30# tricuspid plasty ring was applied to The Ebstein malformation patient. Results: all 121 patients were successfully operated on without death. Two VSD cases appeared transient third degree atrialventricular *** 4 cases had more chest drainage, so they were stanched bleeding twice. After the operation, heart murmur vanished, and ultrasonic inspection showed no diffluence inside the heart. Conclusion: Our experience showed that all atrium, ventricular septal defects c

关键词： thoracoscope atrial septal defect ventricular septal defect mitral valve replacement

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