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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 11-18页

作者： Jacky Cailes Robert Dunsmore Kathryn L.Linge ChemCentre PO Box 1250PerthAustralia

The Marplex Convention was established to prevent the manufacture of unmarked plastic explosives and stipulates that a volatile detection agent must be added at the time of ***,to-date,laboratory testing remains the internationally accepted practice for identifying and quantifying the taggants stipulated in the *** this project,portable FTIR and Raman instruments were tested for their ability to detect 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB),the chemical marker incorporated in plastic explosives that are manufactured within *** both FTIR and Raman instruments detected solid DMDNB(98%purity),field analysis of plastic explosives at an Australian Defence establishment showed that both FTIR and Raman spectra were matched the relevant explosive(RDX or PETN),rather than the DMDNB *** all three plastic explosives tested,the concentration of DMDNB was measured by SPME-GC-MS to be between 1.8 and 2%,greater than the minimum 1%concentration stipulated by the Marplex *** testing with a plastic explosive analogue confirmed that the minor absorption peaks that would characterize low concentrations of DMDNB were masked by absorption bands from other compounds within the ***,while both FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are suitable for detection of plastic explosives,neither rely on the presence of DMDNB for *** is likely that similar results would be found for other taggants stipulated by the Marplex Convention,given they are also present in concentrations less than 1%.

关键词： Explosive ICAO taggants 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB) Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) Raman

Powering the future: A comprehensive review on calcium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 77-97,I0004页

作者： Ameneh Taghavi-Kahagh Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani Mehdi Salami-Kalajahi Faculty of Polymer Engineering Sahand University of TechnologyP.0.Box 51335-1996Tabriz Iran Institute of Polymeric Materials Sahand University of TechnologyP.0.Box 51335-1996Tabriz Iran

Due to concerns regarding the future availability,cost,and safety of lithium in Li-ion batteries(LIBs),researchers are exploring alternative chemistries such as Na-ion,Li-S,Li-air,and multivalent ion *** ion technologies,which utilize divalent or trivalent ions,like Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),and Al^(3+),show promise in achieving greater energy densities than LIBs due to their ability to deposit uniformly on anodes and intercalate into *** magnesium-ion batteries(MIBs) have been the primary area of research for multivalent ion batteries,the cost-effectiveness and abundance of calcium have sparked a growing interest in calcium-ion batteries(CIBs) in recent *** to LIBs,CIBs have the potential to provide longer cycle life,enhanced safety,and increased energy ***,the development of CIBs comes with several challenges,such as finding suitable electrode and electrolyte materials that ensure the stability and safety of the *** primary hurdle in CIBs lies in the plating/stripping *** is a significant hindrance preventing the occurrence of plating/stripping in CIBs,which lies in the formation of a passive layer resulting from the decomposition of the *** objective of this article is to examine the advancements made in ***,it aims to comprehensively assess the mechanisms and materials employed in various battery components,as well as the obstacles encountered in *** includes recent advancements in electrode materials,electrolytes,cell configurations,and the challenges and opportunities for enhancing the performance and commercial viability of CIBs.

关键词： Ca-ion batteries Cathode Anode Electrolyte

Approach to loss of response to advanced therapies in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2902-2919页

作者： Nikil Vootukuru Abhinav Vasudevan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Eastern HealthVictoriaBox Hill 3128Australia Eastern Health Clinical School Monash UniversityVictoriaBox Hill 3128Australia

BACKGROUND Remarkable progress over the last decade has equipped clinicians with many options in the treatment of inflammatory bowel *** now have the unique opportunity to provide individualized treatment that can achieve and sustain remission in many ***,issues of primary non-response(PNR)and secondary loss of response(SLOR)to non-tumour necrosis factor inhibitor(TNFi)therapies remains a common *** issues include the choice of optimization of therapy,identifying when dose optimization will recapture response,establishing optimal dose for escalation and when to switch *** To explores the issues of PNR and SLOR to non-TNFi *** This review explores the current evidence and literature to elucidate management options in cases of PNR/*** will also explore potential predictors for response following SLOR/PNR to therapies including the role of therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM).RESULTS In the setting of PNR and loss of response to alpha-beta7-integrin inhibitors and interleukin(IL)-12 and IL-23 inhibitors dose optimization is a reasonable option to capture *** Janus kinase inhibitors dose optimization can be utilized to recapture response with loss of *** The role of TDM in the setting of advanced non-TNFi therapies to identify patients who require dose optimization and as a predictor for clinical remission is not yet established and this remains an area that should be addressed in the future.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn Biologics Interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 inhibitors Alpha-beta7-integrin inhibitors Janus kinase inhibitors Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formalized by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resolution calls for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the development of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of Legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, allows in the conditions of a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical formulation of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially for high values of optical thickness. In spite of this divergence in reflectance for high values of optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical thickness in this study. An analysis of the Legendre polynomial series for simple functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the function from which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method Legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance reflectance

Development of sustainable thermal insulation based on bio-polyester filled with date pits

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 74-89页

作者： Amal Mlhem Thomas Teklebrhan Evenezer Bokuretsion Basim Abu-Jdayil Chemical&Petroleum Engineering Department United Arab Emirates UniversityPO Box 15551United Arab Emirates National Water and Energy Center United Arab Emirates UniversityPO Box 15551United Arab Emirates

Date palm pit(DPP)-filled poly(-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)composites were prepared,evaluated,and characterized to determine their thermal insulation *** conductivity values ranged between 0.086 and 0.100 W/(m·K).At a maximum filler concentration(50%(w)),the specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity were 1183 J/(kg·K)and 0.0689 mm^(2)/s,*** DPP increased the thermal stability,and the highest compressive strength obtained was 80 MPa at 30%filler *** PHB-DPP composites exhibited promising water absorption(less than 6%)and tensile strength(6-14 MPa).Date-pit-based PHB composites could be used in sustainable building engineering and cleaner production.

关键词： Green construction material Sustainable thermal insulator Date pit Polyhydroxybutyrate

Approximate solution of Volterra-Fredholm integral equations using generalized barycentric rational interpolant

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 220-238页

作者： Hadis Azin Fakhrodin Mohammadi Department of Mathematics University of HormozganBandar AbbasP.O.Box 3995Iran

It is well-known that interpolation by rational functions results in a more accurate approximation than the polynomials ***,classical rational interpolation has some deficiencies such as uncontrollable poles and low convergence *** contrast with the classical rational interpolants,the generalized barycentric rational interpolants which depend linearly on the interpolated values,yield infinite smooth approximation with no poles in real *** this paper,a numerical collocation approach,based on the generalized barycentric rational interpolation and Gaussian quadrature formula,was introduced to approximate the solution of Volterra-Fredholm integral *** types of points in the solution domain are used as interpolation *** obtained numerical results confirm that the barycentric rational interpolants are efficient tools for solving Volterra-Fredholm integral ***,integral equations with Runge’s function as an exact solution,no oscillation occurrs in the obtained approximate solutions so that the Runge’s phenomenon is avoided.

关键词： Barycentric rational interpolation Volterra-Fredholm integral equations Gaussian quadrature Runge's phenomenon

Efficiency-based Pareto Optimization of Building Energy Consumption and Thermal Comfort:A Case Study of a Residential Building in Bushehr,Iran

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1037-1054页

作者： Masoud NASOURI Navid DELGARM Department of Environment University of TehranAras International CampusP.O.Box ***TehranIran Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Malek-Ashtar University of TechnologyP.O.Box 83145/115IsfahanIran

In Iran,the intensity of energy consumption in the building sector is almost 3 times the world average,and due to the consumption of fossil fuels as the main source of energy in this sector,as well as the lack of optimal design of buildings,it has led to excessive release of toxic gases into the *** research develops an efficient approach for the simulation-oriented Pareto optimization(SOPO)of building energy efficiency to assist engineers in optimal building design in early design *** this end,EnergyPlus,as one of the most powerful and well-known whole-building simulation programs,is combined with the Multi-objective Ant Colony Optimization(MOACO)algorithm through the JAVA programming *** a result,the capabilities of JAVA programming are added to EnergyPlus without the use of other plugins and third *** evaluate the effectiveness of the developed method,it was performed on a residential building located in the hot and semi-arid region of *** obtain the optimum configuration of the building under investigation,the building rotation,window-to-wall ratio,tilt angle of shading device,depth of shading device,color of the external walls,area of solar collector,tilt angle of solar collector,rotation of solar collector,cooling and heating setpoints of heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)system are chosen as decision ***,the building energy consumption(BEC),solar collector efficiency(SCE),and predicted percentage of dissatisfied(PPD)index as a measure of the occupants'thermal comfort level are chosen as the objective *** single-objective optimization(SO)and Pareto optimization(PO)are *** obtained results are compared to the initial values of the basic *** optimization results depict that the PO provides optimal solutions more reliable than those obtained by the SOs,owing to the lower value of the deviation ***,the optimal solutions extracted through the PO are depicted in the

关键词： building energy consumption thermal comfort collector efficiency simulation-oriented pareto optimization

A Second-Order Image Denoising Model for Contrast Preservation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1406-1427页

作者： Wei Zhi Department of Mathematics University of AlabamaBox 870350TuscaloosaAL35487USA

In this work,we propose a second-order model for image denoising by employing a novel potential function recently developed in Zhu(J Sci Comput 88:46,2021)for the design of a regularization *** to this new second-order derivative based regularizer,the model is able to alleviate the staircase effect and preserve image *** augmented Lagrangian method(ALM)is utilized to minimize the associated functional and convergence analysis is established for the proposed *** experiments are presented to demonstrate the features of the proposed model.

关键词： Image denoising Variational model Image contrast Augmented Lagrangian method(ALM)

Post processing of additive manufactured Mg alloys:Current status,challenges,and opportunities

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1283-1310页

作者： Nooruddin Ansari Fatima Ghassan Alabtah Mohammad I.Albakri Marwan Khraisheh Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at QatarP.O.Box 23874DohaQatar

Magnesium(Mg)and its alloys are emerging as a structural material for the aerospace,automobile,and electronics industries,driven by the imperative of weight *** are also drawing notable attention in the medical industries owing to their biodegradability and a lower elastic modulus comparable to *** ability to manufacture near-net shape products featuring intricate geometries has sparked huge interest in additive manufacturing(AM)of Mg alloys,reflecting a transformation in the manufacturing ***,AM of Mg alloys presents more formidable challenges due to inherent properties,particularly susceptibility to oxidation,gas trapping,high thermal expansion coefficient,and low solidification *** leads to defects such as porosity,lack of fusion,cracking,delamination,residual stresses,and inhomogeneity,ultimately influencing the mechanical,corrosion,and surface properties of AM Mg *** address these issues,post-processing of AM Mg alloys are often needed to make them suitable for *** present article reviews all post-processing techniques adapted for AM Mg alloys to date,including heat treatment,hot isostatic pressing,friction stir processing,and surface *** utilization of these methods within the hybrid AM process,employing interlayer post-processing,is also *** post-processing conditions are reported,and their influence on the microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties are ***,future prospects and research directions are proposed.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Additive manufacturing Post-processing Heat treatment HIP

Restimate:Recovery Estimation Tool for Resilience Planning

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 47-63页

作者： Scott Miles Megan Ly Nick Terry Youngjun Choe Department of Human Centered Design&Engineering Campus Box 352315University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States of America Department of Industrial&Systems Engineering Box 352650University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States of America

The *** Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)published the Community Resilience Planning Guide in *** NIST Guide advocates for a participatory process for developing a performance measurement framework for the jurisdiction’s resilience against a scenario *** framework centers around tables of expected and desired recovery times for selected community assets,such as electricity,water,and natural gas *** NIST Guide does not provide a method for estimating the expected recovery ***,building high-fidelity computer models for such estimations requires substantial resources that even larger ju-risdictions cannot *** most promising approach to recovery time estimation is to systematically use data elicited from people to tap into the wisdom of the(knowledgeable)*** paper describes a novel research-through-design project to enable the computer-supported elicitation of recovery time series *** work is the first in the literature to examine people’s ability to estimate recovery curves and how design in-fluences such *** main contribution to resilience planning is three-fold:development of a new elicitation tool called Restimate,understanding its potential user base,and providing insights into how it can facilitate resilience *** is the first tool to enable evidence-based expert elicitation in any community with limited resources for resilience *** resilience planning,those who facilitate high-stakes planning activities under large uncertainties(e.g.,mission-critical system design and planning)will benefit from a similar research-through-design process.

关键词： expert elicitation disaster natural hazard infrastructure community resilience restoration user-centered design computer-supported cooperative work