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Assessment of plant diversity of endemic species of the Saharo-Arabian region in Egypt

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 1000-1021,I0002-I0044页

作者： Asmaa S ABO HATAB Yassin M AL-SODANY Kamal H SHALTOUT Soliman A HAROUN Mohamed M EL-KHALAFY botany and microbiology department Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh 33511Egypt botany department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

Savanna, semi-deserts, and hot deserts characterize the Saharo-Arabian region, which includes Morocco, Mauretania, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, southern Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India. Its neighboring regions, the Sudano-Zambezian region belonging to the Paleotropical Kingdom and the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions included in the Holarctic Kingdom, share a large portion of their flora with the Saharo-Arabian region. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the region's global importance for plant diversity, an up to date list of the Saharo-Arabian endemics is still unavailable. The available data are frequently insufficient or out of date at both the whole global and the national scales. Therefore, the present study aims at screening and verifying the Saharo-Arabian endemic plants and determining the phytogeographical distribution of these taxa in the Egyptian flora. Hence, a preliminary list of 429 Saharo-Arabian endemic plants in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Indeed, by excluding the species that were recorded in any countries or regions outside the Saharo-Arabian region based on different literature, database reviews, and websites, the present study has reduced this number to 126 taxa belonging to 87 genera and 37 families. Regarding the national geographic distribution, South Sinai is the richest region with 83 endemic species compared with other eight phytogeographic regions in Egypt, followed by the Isthmic Desert(the middle of Sinai Peninsula, 53 taxa). Sahara regional subzone(SS1) distributes all the 126 endemic species, Arabian regional subzone(SS2) owns 79 taxa, and Nubo-Sindian subzone(SS3) distributes only 14 endemics. Seven groups were recognized at the fourth level of classification as a result of the application of the two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) to the Saharo-Arabian endemic sp

关键词： endemism phytogeographical regions Saharo-Arabian floristic region Egyptian flora plant diversity two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)

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Predicting potential invasion risks of Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.)de Wit in the arid area of Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 983-999页

作者： Haq S MARIFATUL Darwish MOHAMMED Waheed MUHAMMAD Kumar MANOJ Siddiqui H MANZER Bussmann W RAINER department of Ethnobotany Institute of BotanyIlia State UniversityTbilisi 0162Georgia The Centre of Excellence on Sustainable Land Management(CoE-SLM) Indian Council of Forestry Research and EducationDehradun 248006India department of botany and microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia department of botany State Museum for Natural HistoryKarlsruhe 76133Germany

The presence of invasive plant species poses a substantial ecological impact,thus comprehensive evaluation of their potential range and risk under the influence of climate change is *** study uses maximum entropy(MaxEnt)modeling to forecast the likelihood of Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.)de Wit invasion in Saudi Arabia under present and future climate change *** the MaxEnt modeling,we integrated climatic and soil data to predict habitat suitability for the invasive *** conducted a detailed analysis of the distribution patterns of the species,using climate variables and ecological *** focused on the important influence of temperature seasonality,temperature annual range,and precipitation *** distribution modeling used robust measures of area under the curve(AUC)and receiver-operator characteristic(ROC)curves,to map the invasion extent,which has a high level of accuracy in identifying appropriate *** complex interaction that influenced the invasion of *** was highlighted by the environmental parameters using Jackknife ***,the actual geographic area where *** was found in Saudi Arabia was considerably smaller than the theoretical maximum range,suggesting that it had the capacity to expand *** MaxEnt model exhibited excellent prediction accuracy and produced reliable results based on the data from the ROC *** and temperature were the primary factors influencing the potential distribution of ***,an estimated area of 216,342 km^(2)in Saudi Arabia was at a high probability of invasion by *** investigated the potential for increased invasion hazards in the future due to climate change scenarios(Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)245 and 585).The analysis of key climatic variables,including temperature seasonality and annual range,along with soil properties such as clay composition and nitrogen content,unveiled their substanti

关键词： area under the curve invasive species invasion risks climate change MaxEnt model

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Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and α-amylase inhibitors from Hippeastrum hybridum extract

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 496-504页

作者： Naila Sher Mushtaq Ahmed Nadia Mushtaq department of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology department of botany University of Science and Technology

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Hippeastrum hybridum（HH） as a free radical scavenger,and an inhibitor of the two enzymes i-e Alpha-amylase（α-amylase） and acetylcholinesterase（AChE）.METHODS:In this study,HH plant was preliminary analyzed for phytochemical screening and then tested for its antioxidant,anti-α-amylase,and anti-AChE efficiency via standard ***:Phytochemical analysis shows the existence of different compounds;while Coumarins and quinones were *** total phenolic,flavonoid,and tannins content were found to be（78.52±0.69） mg GAE/g,（2.01±0.04） mg RUE/g,and（58.12±0.23） mg TAE/g of plant extract respectively.28.02%±0.02% alkaloid and 2.02%±0.05% saponins were present in the HH *** HH extract showed the anti-oxidant property with IC50（50%inhibition） of（151.01±0.13）(HH),（79.01±0.04）(Ascorbic acid) for ferric reducing,（91.48±0.13）(HH),（48.02±0.11）(Ascorbic acid) against Ammonium molybdenum,（156.02±0.31）(HH),（52.38±0.21）(Ascorbic acid) against DPPH,136.01±0.21（HH）,52.02±0.31（Ascorbic acid） against H2O2,and 154.12±0.03（HH）,（40.05±0.15）(Ascorbic acid)μg/mL against ABTS *** analysis indicated that HH caused a competitive type of inhibition of α-amylase(Vmaxremained constant and Km increases from 10.65 to84.37%) while Glucophage caused the un-competitive type of inhibition i-e both Km and Vmaxdecreased from40.49 to 69.15%and 38.86 to 69.61%*** Ki,（inhibition constant）;KI,（dissociation constant）,Km,（Michaelis-Menten constant）,and IC50 were found to be62,364,68.1,and 38.08±0.22 for HH and 12,101.05,195,34.01±0.21 for ***,HH causes an anon-competitive type of inhibition of AChE i-e Km remains constant while Vmaxdecreases from 60.5%to74.1%.The calculated Ki,KI,Km,and IC50 were found to be 32,36.2,0.05,and 18.117±***:From the current results,it is concluded that HH extract contains bioactive compounds,and could be a good alternative to controlling oxidants,Alzheimer‘s and T

关键词： Hippeastrum hybridum acetylcholinesterase alpha-amylase antioxidant phytochemicals

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Impacts of road on plant invasions in the Middle Mountain region of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 619-632页

作者： Ananda ADHIKARI Adarsha SUBEDI Achyut TIWARI Bharat Babu SHRESTHA Central department of botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipur 44618Nepal

Biological invasion is triggered by human development activities such as the construction and expansion of road *** verges serve as important habitats and corridors for the distribution of invasive alien plant species(IAPS)between geographically distant ***,the trajectory of plant invasion and the data regarding the impact of roads on IAPS distribution are relatively poor in ***,we surveyed two road types(main roads and feeder road)in the Middle Mountain region of central Nepal in order to investigate how different road types are driving the dispersal of IAPS along road verges and the adjacent natural *** sampling was conducted at ca 2.5 km intervals along the *** each sampling site,paired plots(25 m×4 m)were sampled:one adjacent to and along the road,and another 20 m away and parallel to it in the interior *** results revealed that the main road verges had a higher cover(33%)and a larger number of IAPS(14 species)than the feeder road(25%;10 species).The IAPS cover and richness were significantly higher along verges than in the adjacent interior habitats for both road types,indicating that roads are contributing as corridors for the dispersal of IAPS in the Middle Mountain areas of central ***,elevation,tree canopy,and disturbances(grazing/mowing/trampling)were found to be the key factors that determine spatial distribution of IAPS along road *** emphasize that regular monitoring of vegetation along the road verges can help with the early detection and control of potential IAPS in the region before they become problematic.

关键词： Biological invasions Dispersal corridor Invasive alien plants Transport infrastructure Himalayan mountains

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Seedling potential of trees species along the elevational gradient in temperate hill forest of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1329-1344页

作者： DANI Ram Sharan BANIYA Chitra Bahadur Central department of botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipur 44618Nepal

Regeneration status of tree species along elevation gradient in temperate hill forest was not understood *** research examined the tree diversity and its regeneration patterns along an elevation gradient in temperate hill forest,central *** were collected from 300 sample plots within vertical elevation bands of 10,ranging from 1365 to 2450 m asl.A random sampling method was used for data collection in three seasons,winter,pre-monsoon and post monsoon *** at breast height(DBH)was used to broadly categorize the plant individual into trees,saplings and *** tree species richness ranged from 12 to 25 with density of 350 to 1200 individuals per *** richness of tree and sapling showed statistically significant unimodal pattern,which peaked at *** showed a strong and positive linear correlation with the seedling density(Deviance=0.99,pseedling(10.6%)≤mature(10.9%).Among tested environmental variables,elevation and annual mean rainfall were the most influential factors in the regeneration of tree species.

关键词： Regeneration potential Chandragiri hill Altitudinal gradient Species diversity Tree species richness

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Combined Application of Biostimulants and EDTA Improved Wheat Productivity under Cadmium Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental botany 2024年第7期93卷 1647-1665页

作者： Abida Aziz Shafiqa Bano Mubshar Hussain Muhammad Farooq Azhar Ghulam Yasin Naila Hadayat Iqra Arooj Abeer Hashem Ajay Kumar Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qamar uz Zaman department of botany The Women UniversityMultan54500Pakistan Institute of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan department of Forestry and Range Management Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan department of botany Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54770Pakistan department of microbiology&Molecular Genetics The Women UniversityMultan54500Pakistan botany and microbiology department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh201313Saudi Arabia Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityNoida201313India Plant Production department College of Food and Agricultural SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia School of Agriculture Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunan650504China department of Environmental Sciences The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)exhibits a greater capacity for cadmium(Cd)absorption compared to other cereal crops,leading to elevated daily Cd intake,and posing a signiﬁcant threat to public *** the mitigation of Cd stress in sustainable and environmentally friendly way,a pot study was designed by using exogenous application of various biostimulants,i.e.,Nigella sativa and Ocimum sanctum extracts:0%,10%,and 20%in combination with the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)using 0 and 5 mg kg^(-1) under various levels of Cd stress(i.e.,0,5,10,and 15 mg kg^(-1) soil).Results revealed that Cd stress signiﬁcantly reduced the seed emergence,growth,root,and allometric characters and yield-related parameters of wheat *** most observable reduc-tion was documented in wheat plants exposed to a higher Cd concentration(15 mg kg^(-1)),followed by the lower Cd level(control).The combined application of bio-stimulants and EDTA minimized the negative impacts of Cd *** highest increase in seedling emergence(5.44%),leaf area(50.60%),number of tillers(31.02%),grain yield per plant(24.28%),biological yield(13.97%),and decrease in Cd levels in grains(40%)was noticed where 20%foliar application of *** and 10%of *** biostimulants were done using 5 mg kg^(-1) of soil-applied *** intervention demonstrated a notable reduction in Cd-induced negative effects,highlighting the potential of these substances in promoting sustainable wheat cultivation in contaminated ***,it is an eco-friendly and approachable method at theﬁeld level able to ensure food safety.

关键词： Abiotic stress allometric characters antioxidant activity crop yield seed emergence grain yield

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Insights into the interface of NiCo_(2)O_(4) spinel/LaCoO_(3) perovskite nano-composite for CO and soot oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 339-349页

作者： Neha Harshita Singh Satya Vir Singh department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi221005India department of botany Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India

In the quest for the development of thermally stable,highly active and low-cost catalysts for use in catalyzed diesel particulate filter,nano-composites are new areas of ***,we reported the easy synthesis of spinel NiCo_(2)O_(4)/perovskite LaCoO_(3) nano-composite,and its individual oxides NiCo_(2)O_(4)and LaCoO_(3) for *** detailed insights into the physio-chemical characteristics of formed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) nano-composite were done based on various characterization analysis such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR),N_(2) physiosorption,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDX),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The characterization analysis of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) revealed the successful formation of a chemical interface possessing strong interfacial interaction,resulting in desirable physicochemical characteristics such as small crystallite size,abundant mesoporosity,high specific surface area and activation of surface lattice *** to the desirable characteristics,the activity results over NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) nano-composite showed the excellent CO oxidation performance and high soot oxidation activity,recyclability and thermal *** work mainly attempts to emphasize the effectiveness of the facile,inexpensive and conventionally used precipitation method for the successful formation of highly efficient nano-composites.

关键词： LaCoO_(3) NiCo_(2)O_(4) Spinel/perovskite CO oxidation Soot oxidation Chemical interface

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(Sm/Eu/Tm)^(3+) doped tantalum semiconductor system for photovoltaic and electrochemical functionality amplification

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1586-1594,I0007页

作者： Shaan Bibi Jaffri Khuram Shahzad Ahmad Isaac Abrahams Ibrahim A.A Materials and Environmental Chemistry Lab Lab-E21Department of Environmental SciencesFatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindiPakistan School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom department of botany and microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

This work reports the synthesis,characterization,and energy focused applications of the novel lanthanides co-doped tantalum pentoxide hetero-system(Sm^(3+)-Eu^(3+)-Tm^(3+):Ta_(2)O_(5)).Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) express excellent opto-electronic features reflected by the narrow band gap energy of 3.87 *** vibrations confirm the presence of Ta-O-Ta and Ta-O *** synthesized system possesses orthorhombic geometry with 59.46 nm particle *** the smoother and compact morphology,the synthesized material succeeds in augmenting the performance of different systems aimed at energy *** ambient perovskite solar cell device fabricated with the Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) as an electron transport layer excels in achieving an efficiency and fill factor of 14.17% and 76% under artificial *** device was marked by the negligible hysteresis behavior showing profound photovoltaic *** electrochemical activity of the Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) decorated electrode was evaluated for electrical charge storage potential with pseudocapacitive behavior,With the highest specific capacitance of 355.39 F/g and quicker ionic diffusion rate,the designed electrode excels conventionally used ***-catalysis of water with Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) material indicates its capacity for H_(2) production with the lowest overpotential and Tafel slope values of 148 and 121.2 mV/dec,while the O_(2) generation is comparatively *** the stable electrochemical output,this rare earth modified material has the potential to replace conventionally used environmentally perilous and costly materials.

关键词： Lanthanide doping Rare earth materials Perovskite solar cells Supercapacitors Water splitting

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Barley chitinase genes expression revamp resistance against whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci) in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 90-100页

作者： BASHIR Samina YAQOOB Amina BASHIR Rohina BUKHARI Shanila SHAHID Naila AZAM Saira BAKHSH Allah HUSNAIN Tayyab SHAHID Ahmad Ali RAO Abdul Qayyum Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore 53700Pakistan department of botany Kinnaird College for Women UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan department of botany Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of botany University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan.

Background Chitinase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin,a major component of the exoskeleton of insects,including plant pests like *** present study aimed to investigate the expression of chemically synthesized barley ch1 and chi2 genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)through Agrobacterium-mediated ***-five putative transgenic cotton plants were obtained,out of which fifteen plants successfully survived and were shifted to the *** gene-specific primers,amplification of 447 bp and 401 bp fragments confirmed the presence of the ch1 and chi2 genes in five transgenic cotton plants of the T0 *** five plants were further evalu-ated for their mRNA expression *** T0 transgenic cotton plants with the highest mRNA expression level and better yield performance in field,were selected to raise their subsequent *** The T1 cotton plants showed the highest mRNA expression levels of 3.5-fold in P10(2)for the ch1 gene and 3.7-fold in P2(1)for the chi2 *** in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed a single copy number of ch1 and chi2(hemizygous)on chromosome ***,the efficacy of transgenes on whitefly was evaluated through an insect bioassay,where after 96 h of infestation,mortality rates of whitefly were calculated to be 78%–80%in transgenic cotton *** number of eggs on transgenic cotton plants were calculated to be 0.1%–0.12 per plant compared with the non-transgenic plants where egg number was calculated to be 0.90–1.00 per *** Based on these findings,it can be concluded that the chemically synthesized barley chitinase genes(ch1 and chi2)have the potential to be effective against insects with chitin exoskeletons,including *** transgenic cotton plants expressing these genes showed increased resistance to whiteflies,resulting in reduced egg numbers and higher mortality rates.

关键词： Chitinase Cotton White fly Transgene Bioassay

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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 1-8页

作者： Jia-Tong Chang Li-Bo Liu Pei-Gang Wang Jing An department of microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell *** review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq technologies together with their strengths and *** applications of scRNA-seq in various virological studies are discussed in depth,which broaden the understanding of the immune atlas,host-virus interactions,and immune ***-seq can be widely used for virology in the near future to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and discover more effective therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Host-virus interaction COVID-19 Flavivirus

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