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Correlation of soil properties and fruit size of Callgonum mongolicum and related species

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Journal of Arid Land 2012年第1期4卷 63-70页

作者： Wei SHI BoRong PAN Habibullo SHOMURODOV Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Turpan Eremophytes botanic garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Turpan 838008 China Scientific Center of Plant Production ＂Botanika＂ Uzbek Academy of Sciences Tashkent 32 Uzbekistan

Correlations of soil properties and fruit size of Calligonum mongolicum Turcz. and related species were analyzed. The resullLs showed that the particle size characteristics of soils for growing Calligonum mongolicum and related species were similar, and the soils belonged to sandyones. The organic matter contents of soils were low （averaging 1.772 to 3.054 g/kg）, and the total salt content of soils was low too （averaging 0.471 g/kg）. The pH values indicated that the soils were alkaline, varying from pH 7.65 to 10.25. The results of Principal Component Analysis （PCA） and hierarchical cluster showed that 9 habitats could be divided into 6 types according to salt contents and pH values. Fruit sizes of different populations and the soil properties had significant linear correlations （P〈0.000）. It was concluded that the differences in fruit sizes among the populations of Calligonum mongolicum and related species werre related to soil variability, especially the nutrient contents of soils, and fruit size can not be considered as a taxonomic index of Calligonum mongofcum and related species.

关键词： Calligonum mongolicum related species soil properties fruit size correlation

Bio-inspiration as a Concept for Sustainable Constructions Illustrated on Graded Concrete

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 742-753页

作者： Rafael Horn Stefan Albrecht Walter Haase Max Langer Daniel Schmeer Werner Sobek Olga Speck Philip Leistner Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP GaBi Stuttgart 70563Germany Institute for Lightweight Structures and Conceptual Design(ILEK’) University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Plant Biomechanics Group Botanic GardenUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79104Germany Institute for Acoustics and Building Physics University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany

The building industry is one of the main contributors to worldwide resource consumption and anthropogenic climate ***,sustainable solutions in construction are particularly *** by the success principles of living nature,biologists and engineers present here an interdisciplinary work:The sustainability assessment of a bio-inspired material technology called graded concrete,which was developed at *** structural materials can be found in plants on different hierarchical levels,providing a multitude of creative solutions for *** concrete applies this biological concept of structural optimization to the interior structure of concrete components to minimize material and resource *** evaluate the sustainability of this innovation,a newly developed quantitative Bio-inspired Sustainability Assessment(BiSA)method is *** focuses on the relationship of environmental,social and economic functions and the corresponding burdens quantified basing on life cycle *** BiSA of graded concrete slabs shows significant improvements over conventional concrete for the applied use *** an overall reduction of environmental burdens by 13%is expected,economic burdens can be reduced by up to 40%and social burdens by 35.7%.The assessment of the graded concrete technology identifies its potential with regard to sustainable *** presented work provides a blueprint for the interdisciplinary,integrative work on sustainable,bio-inspired *** shows that the synergies of bio-inspiration and BiSA within technical product development can be fruitful.

关键词： sustainability assessment bio-inspired sustainability graded concrete biomimetic promise BiSA

Ameliorative effect of alkaloid extract of Cyclea peltata(Poir.) Hook.f.& ***(ACP) on APAP/CC1_4 induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats and in vitro free radical scavenging property

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第2期4卷 143-151页

作者： Varghese Jancy Shine Panikamparambil Gopalakrishnan Latha Somasckharan Nair Rajam Suja Gangadharan Indira Anuja Gopan Raj Sreedharan Nair Rajasekharan Division of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute(JNTBGRI)TrivandrumKerala 695562India Deparment of Chemistry Sree Narayana CollegePunalurKollam- 691305KeralaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of alkaloid extract of Cyclea peltata(***) against paracetamol/carbon tetra chloride induced liver damage in Wistar ***:In viro paracetamol/carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in Wistar rats,in vitro free radical scavenging studies,HPTLC estimation of letrandrine and direct analysis in real timemass spectrometry of alkaloid extract of *** were used for the ***:The results showed that pretreatment with alkaloid extract of *** caused significant reduction of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase,serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase,serum alkaline phosphatase,serum cholesterol,liver malondialdehyde *** reduced glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase levels in liver were increased with alkaloid extract of *** *** results were almost comparable to silymarin and normal *** studies also substantiated the biochemical *** in vitro hydroxyl,superoxide and DPPH scavenging study of alkaloid extract of C. peltata showed significant free radical scavenging ***:The hepatoprotective property of alkaloid extract of *** against paracetamol/carbon tetrachloride may be due the synergistic action of alkaloids especially tetrandrine,fangchinoline through free radical scavenging and thus preventing oxidative stress.

关键词： Tetrandrine Glutathione Catalase Superoxide dismutase Hydroxyl Malondialdehyde

Genome constitution for Musa beccarii (Musaceae) varieties

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植物分类学报 2007年第1期45卷 69-74页

作者： Markku HKKINEN Chee How TEO Yasmin Rofina OTHMAN botanic garden University of Helsinki P. O. Box 44 (Jyrngntie 2) FI-00014 Finland Department of Biology University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH United Kingdom Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Musa beccarii *** var. beccarii and Musa beccarii *** var. hottana H?kkinen were described earlier in Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica based on their morphological characteristics. In order to distinguish the genomes between the two M. beccarii varieties and M. coccinea Andrews, we have now studied them with the Inter- Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) marker analyses. The high levels of IRAP polymorphism detected in this study showed that M. beccarii var. beccarii and M. beccarii var. hottana are two distinct varieties. Additional IRAP bands found in M. beccarii var. beccarii indicated that M. beccarii var. hottana might be evolutionarily more ancient than M. beccarii var. beccarii because LTR retrotransposons are not transpositionally removed.

关键词： genome constitution inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism Musa beccarii var. beccarii Musa beccarii var. hottana Musa coccinea phylogenetic analysis.

Nature’s Particulate Matter with and without Charge and Travelling

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2016年第3期6卷 75-82页

作者： Bob W. N. J. Ursem Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Sciences Botanic Garden Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

Natures and anthropogenic particulates can travel long distances on wind flows, but negative electrical charge due to friction can increase dispersion. Models for calculations of distance travelling of biological particulate matter with and without charge are never been calculated in a theoretical approach. Nor do we realize the fact that we can calculate actual distances if we take the charge on particles in account. Particles that travel through the air encounter friction. Friction can be described in two ways;either in a smooth constant way through the air with its viscous forces, or in a turbulent chaotic eddies and vortices and other flow instabilities. In case of only viscous forces are to be concerned, it can be described as a lower Reynolds number than one, while in all other setting it always must be described by Reynolds numbers larger than or equal to one. This article describes the calculated effects on particles, either in a low Reynolds number and thus as a Navier-Stokes equation or Stokes’ Law or, in case of non-laminar and complex forces in an equal or higher Reynolds number according to the third Law of Newton. In addition some striking examples of particle travelling are given with evidence of natural particulate matter long distance dispersion.

关键词： Natural Dispersion Electrical Charge Stokes Newton

Climate Shifts and the Role of Nano Structured Particles in the Atmosphere

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2016年第1期6卷 51-76页

作者： Bob Ursem Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Sciences Botanic Garden Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

A global net sum equilibrium in heat exchange is a fact and thus a global climate change doesn’t exist, but climate shifts in climate cells, especially in the northern temperate cell, do. The global climate has been ever since homeostatic, and has recuperated far huger climate impacts in the past. Current climate models need a drastically revision on the focus of carbon dioxide as main driver. Carbon dioxide and other carbon gasses do influence albedo patterns, but provide globally a homeostatic effect with a commonly accepted increase impact of 0.3 degrees Celsius. Carbon dioxide does not trigger the climate shifts, but is an indicator of exhaust of combustion processes that emit very small particles which drive these climate shifts. They are the fine dust and nano structured particles that cause the shifts of the climate in cells, as demonstrated in this article and results i.e. in more thunder and lightning, extreme weather, distinct droughts and precipitation patterns. The causes underlying these shifts are nano structured particles in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, especially largely produced and remain in the temperate climate northern hemisphere cell and get dispersed by jet streams and low and high pressure areas. However, because of electrical charge, caused by friction or due to anthropogenic negatively charged nano structured particle, emissions will travel up to the lower stratosphere and become neutralized at the electro sphere level, and they do also have a tendency to move to the Arctic. The southern hemisphere climate faces limited anthropogenic emissions, because only 10 percent of the world population can contribute with less pollutant providing activities, and hasn’t changed, but that could well be because it is equally influenced and driven, like the northern hemisphere, by the variation of sun activity in diverse cycles. The present problem is that we produce huge amounts of air borne nano structured particles from combustion proc

关键词： Nano Structured Particles Electricity Climate Shifts

EFFECT OF OSMOTIC PRIMING WITH SPP ON SEED GERMINATION

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1987年第20期32卷 1438-1439页

作者：左卫能陈杭郑光华 Beijing Vegestable Research Center Beijing botanic garden Institute of Botany Academia Sinica

Sodium poly-propenate (SPP) is a white-color powder, pH neutral, nontoxic. The water-holding capacity is 500 times the weight of the powder. After absorbing water, the substance becomes very glutinous. In other words, the substance has the properties of water-absorbing, water-holding and gradually water-releasing. The purpose of our experiment is to know how to prime seeds with SPP.

关键词： holding SEED Sodium neutral absorbing untreated Changchun attain uniformly roots

Damping of Pressure Pulsations in Mobile Hydraulic Applications by the Use of Closed Cell Cellular Rubbers Integrated into a Vane Pump

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第4期14卷 791-803页

作者： David Bach Tom Masselter Thomas Speck Plant Biomechanics Group Freiburg Botanic Garden Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Schginzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) Stefan-Meier-StraBe 21 79104 Freiburg Germany Competence Networks Biomimetic and BIOKON e. V. Schainzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany

The present study evaluates the potential of a bio-inspired pulsation damper in a vane pump used in mobile hydraulic ap- plications. Pressure pulsations caused by such positive displacement pumps can lead to malfunctions and noise in a hydraulic system. A common measure to reduce pressure pulsations is the integration of pressure pulsation dampers downstream of the pump. This type of damping measure can also be found in biology as e.g. in the human blood circulatory system. Such working principles found in living organisms offer a high potential for a biomimetic transfer into technical applications. The newly developed bio-inspired damper consists of cellular rubbers with non-linear viscoelastic material properties. In order to evaluate the new damping method, pressure pulsations were measured at two different back pressures and at a wide engine speed range of the vane pump. For further assessment, different setups, varying the stiffness of the cellular rubber materials and the damper volume, were tested. Within the tested back pressures, the pressure pulsations could be reduced by up to 40%. The developed integrated pulsation damper offers a high potential to dampen pressure pulsations of positive displacement pumps used in mobile hydraulic applications ooeratin~ below 10 bar.

关键词： pressure pulsations pressure ripple vane pump bio-inspired pulsation damping cellular rubbers flexible foams

Bird guild loss and its determinants on subtropical land-bridge islands, China

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Chinese Birds 2015年第2期6卷 99-106页

作者： Zhifeng Ding Kenneth James Feeley Huijian Hu Ping Ding The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityZijin’gang Campus Guangdong Entomological Institute & South China Institute of Endangered Animals Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Center for Tropical Plant Conservation Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden

Background: The guild concept is useful for understanding the community structure in a land-bridge island system,but most fragmentation studies have focused only on the importance of island area and isolation, other island attributes such as perimeter-area ratio(PAR) were overlooked or ***: We have adopted a guild approach to investigate the impacts of island attributes on bird guild richness on a set of 41 recently isolated land-bridge islands in the Thousand Island Lake(TIL), ***: We found insectivores had the largest number of species(34 species), fol owed by understory foraging guilds(28 species), omnivores(27 species) and canopy guilds(25 species). Furthermore, our data showed that migrants and residents responded equal y to island area, insectivores and understory guilds were sensitive to island area but omnivores and canopy guilds were not very sensitive. Most guild richness was determined by island area, except for omnivores and canopy ***: Although PAR or habitat diversity found to be important for bird species richness, our results highlight the importance of island area in maintaining bird diversity in fragmented island systems.

关键词： Bird guilds Island area Land-bridge islands PAR Thousand Island Lake z values