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Forward:Proceedings of the 2008 Ecological and Evolutionary Ethology of Fishes Conference,Boston,Massachusetts,USA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 3-4页

作者： Maria E.ABATE Department of Biology Boston University

This special issue of Current Zoology concerning thebehavior, ecology, and evolution of fishes is comprisedof the peer-reviewed Proceedings of the 2008 Ecologicaland Evolutionary Ecology of Fishes Biennial Conferencethat was held June 29-July 3 at Boston University,Boston, Massachusetts, USA. The conferenceand its four symposia were organized by a local organi-

关键词： Forward

Forward： Proceedings of the 2008 Ecological and Evolutionary Ethology of Fishes Conference, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Maria E. ABATE Guest Editor Department of Biology Boston University Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA.

关键词：波士顿大学马萨诸塞州美国加州行为学生态鱼类进化学术委员会

API Development Increases Access to Shared Computing Resources at Boston University

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2022年第6期15卷 197-207页

作者： George Jones Amanda E. Wakefield Jeff Triplett Kojo Idrissa James Goebel Dima Kozakov Sandor Vajda Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Stony Brook University Stony Brook USA Department of Chemistry Boston University Boston USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston USA Revolution Systems LLC. Lawrance USA College of Engineering Boston University Boston USA

Within the last few decades, increases in computational resources have contributed enormously to the progress of science and engineering (S & E). To continue making rapid advancements, the S & E community must be able to access computing resources. One way to provide such resources is through High-Performance Computing (HPC) centers. Many academic research institutions offer their own HPC Centers but struggle to make the computing resources easily accessible and user-friendly. Here we present SHABU, a RESTful Web API framework that enables S & E communities to access resources from Boston University’s Shared Computing Center (SCC). The SHABU requirements are derived from the use cases described in this work.

关键词： API Framework Open Source High-Performance Computing Software Architecture Science and Engineering

Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2817-2831页

作者： Yueming Li Ying Jiang Lu Lan Xiaowei Ge Ran Cheng Yuewei Zhan Guo Chen Linli Shi Runyu Wang Nan Zheng Chen Yang Ji-Xin Cheng Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Chemistry Boston UniversitBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02142USA

High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological diseases.Current non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter level.Here,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision.OFUS is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane film.SOAP generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound cycle.We demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in vivo.An acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS neurostimulation.OFUS offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.

关键词： SOAP stimulation precision

The Boston lymphatic center’s early experience with lymph node transplantation to the upper extremity

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 553-563页

作者： Rosie Friedman Monica Morgenstern Valeria P.Bustos Aaron Fleishman Kathy Shillue Leo L.Tsai Jonathan F.Critchlow Dhruv Singhal Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Division of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Department of RadiologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA

Aim:Although vascularized lymph node transplantation(VLNT)has gained recognition as an effective treatment option for lymphedema,no consensus on the timing of transplant with other lymphatic procedures has been established.The aim of this study is to describe our institutional experience with VLNT,including our staged approach and report postoperative outcomes.Methods:A retrospective review of patients who underwent VLNT for upper extremity lymphedema from May 2017 to April 2022 was conducted.Patients were divided into fat-or fluid-dominant phenotypes based on preoperative workup.Patients with a minimum of 12-month follow-up were included.Records were reviewed for demographic,intraoperative,and surveillance data.Results:Twenty-three patients underwent VLNT of the upper extremity during the study period,of which eighteen met the study criteria.Nine patients had fluid-dominant disease and nine patients had fat-dominant disease and had undergone prior debulking at our institution.Fluid-dominant patients demonstrated slight reductions in limb volume and hours in compression,and improvement in quality-of-life scores at twelve months.Fat-dominant patients who underwent prior debulking had a slight increase in limb volume without a change in hours of compression,and demonstrated improvements in quality-of-life scores in nearly all subdomains.Overall,17% of patients discontinued compression therapy entirely.Improvement in extremity edema was present in 83% of postoperative MRIs.Conclusion:VLNT had varying effects on limb measurements while reliably improving quality-of-life and allowing for the potential of discontinuing compression.Utilizing a staged approach wherein debulking is performed upfront may be particularly beneficial for patients with fat-dominant disease.

关键词： Lymphedema vascularized lymph node transplant lymphatic surgery

Longitudinal Participatory Surveillance Highlights Association Between Mask-Wearing and Lower COVID-19 Risk-United States,2020

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China CDC weekly 2022年第52期4卷 1169-1175页

作者： Makayla Swaciak Zachary Popp Autumn Gertz Kara Sewalk Marinanicole Schultheiss Benjamin Rader John S.Brownstein Computational Epidemiology Lab Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA Boston University School of Public Health Boston UniversityBostonMAUSA Harvard Medical School Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA.

Summary What is already known about this topic?Numerous ecological and laboratory studies suggest face masks are an effective non-pharmaceutical intervention for reducing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but cannot otherwise assess individual-level effects.What is added by this report?Using a prospective cohort of individuals enrolled in a participatory,syndromic surveillance tool prior to the first case of COVID-19 in the United States,we present a novel longitudinal assessment of the effectiveness of face masks.

关键词： Lower otherwise COV

Oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelium degeneration:from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets in dry age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2173-2181页

作者： Meenakshi Maurya Kiran Bora Alexandra K.Blomfield Madeline C.Pavlovich Shuo Huang Chi-Hsiu Liu Jing Chen Department of Ophthalmology Boston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Age-related macular degeneration is a primary cause of blindness in the older adult population. Past decades of research in the pathophysiology of the disease have resulted in breakthroughs in the form of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies against neovascular age-related macular degeneration;however, effective treatment is not yet available for geographical atrophy in dry agerelated macular degeneration or for preventing the progression from early or mid to the late stage of age-related macular degeneration. Both clinical and experimental investigations involving human agerelated macular degeneration retinas and animal models point towards the atrophic alterations in retinal pigment epithelium as a key feature in age-related macular degeneration progression. Retinal pigment epithelium cells are primarily responsible for cellular-structural maintenance and nutrition supply to keep photoreceptors healthy and functional. The retinal pigment epithelium constantly endures a highly oxidative environment that is balanced with a cascade of antioxidant enzyme systems regulated by nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 as a main redox sensing transcription factor. Aging and accumulated oxidative stress triggers retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and eventually death. Exposure to both environmental and genetic factors aggravates oxidative stress damage in aging retinal pigment epithelium and accelerates retinal pigment epithelium degeneration in age-related macular degeneration pathophysiology. The present review summarizes the role of oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelium degeneration, with potential impacts from both genetic and environmental factors in age-related macular degeneration development and progression. Potential strategies to counter retinal pigment epithelium damage and protect the retinal pigment epithelium through enhancing its antioxidant capacity are also discussed, focusing on existing antioxidant nutritional supplementation, and exploring nuclear factor erythroid-2-relat

关键词： age-related macular degeneration antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 oxidative stress retinal pigment epithelium REV-ERBα

100pT/cm single-point MEMS magnetic gradiometer from a commercial accelerometer

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 602-614页

作者： Josh Javor Alexander Stange Corey Pollock Nicholas Fuhr David J.Bishop Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Magnetic sensing is present in our everyday interactions with consumer electronics and demonstrates the potential for the measurement of extremely weak biomagnetic fields,such as those of the heart and brain.In this work,we leverage the many benefits of microelectromechanical system(MEMS)devices to fabricate a small,low-power,and inexpensive sensor whose resolution is in the range of biomagnetic fields.At present,biomagnetic fields are measured only by expensive mechanisms such as optical pumping and superconducting quantum interference devices(SQUIDs),suggesting a large opportunity for MEMS technology in this work.The prototype fabrication is achieved by assembling micro-objects,including a permanent micromagnet,onto a postrelease commercial MEMS accelerometer using a pick-and-place technique.With this system,we demonstrate a room-temperature MEMS magnetic gradiometer.In air,the sensor’s response is linear,with a resolution of 1.1 nT cm^(−1),spans over 3 decades of dynamic range to 4.6µT cm^(−1),and is capable of off-resonance measurements at low frequencies.In a 1mTorr vacuum with 20 dB magnetic shielding,the sensor achieves a 100 pT cm^(−1) resolution at resonance.This resolution represents a 30-fold improvement compared with that of MEMS magnetometer technology and a 1000-fold improvement compared with that of MEMS gradiometer technology.The sensor is capable of a small spatial resolution with a magnetic sensing element of 0.25 mm along its sensitive axis,a>4-fold improvement compared with that of MEMS gradiometer technology.The calculated noise floor of this platform is 110 fTcm^(−1) Hz−1/2,and thus,these devices hold promise for both magnetocardiography(MCG)and magnetoencephalography(MEG)applications.

关键词： accelerometer magnetometer everyday

Probing the subcellular nanostructure of engineered human cardiomyocytes in 3D tissue

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 133-140页

作者： Josh Javor Jourdan K.Ewoldt Paige E.Cloonan Anant Chopra Rebeccah J.Luu Guillaume Freychet Mikhail Zhernenkov Karl Ludwig Jonathan G.Seidman Christine E.Seidman Christopher S.Chen David J.Bishop Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA SMI Beamline 12-ID Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Department of Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

The structural and functional maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes(hiPSC-CMs)is essential for pharmaceutical testing,disease modeling,and ultimately therapeutic use.Multicellular 3D-tissue platforms have improved the functional maturation of hiPSC-CMs,but probing cardiac contractile properties in a 3D environment remains challenging,especially at depth and in live tissues.Using small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)imaging,we show that hiPSC-CMs matured and examined in a 3D environment exhibit a periodic spatial arrangement of the myofilament lattice,which has not been previously detected in hiPSC-CMs.The contractile force is found to correlate with both the scattering intensity(R^(2)=0.44)and lattice spacing(R^(2)=0.46).The scattering intensity also correlates with lattice spacing(R^(2)=0.81),suggestive of lower noise in our structural measurement than in the functional measurement.Notably,we observed decreased myofilament ordering in tissues with a myofilament mutation known to lead to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).Our results highlight the progress of human cardiac tissue engineering and enable unprecedented study of structural maturation in hiPSC-CMs.

关键词： cardiac cardiomyocytes spacing