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Cooperative adaptive bidirectional control of a train platoon for efficient utility and string stability

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第9期24卷 161-170页

作者：高士根董海荣宁滨 Roberts Clive 陈磊孙绪彬 State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University birmingham centre for railway research and education School of ElectronicElectrical and Systems EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham school of Electronic and Information engineering Beijing Jiaotong University

This paper proposes cooperative adaptive control schemes for a train platoon to improve efficient utility and guarantee string stability. The control schemes are developed based on a bidirectional strategy, i.e., the information of proximal（preceding and following） trains is used in the controller design. Based on available proximal information（prox-info） of location, speed, and acceleration, a direct adaptive control is designed to maintain the tracking interval at the minimum safe distance. Based on available prox-info of location, an observer-based adaptive control is designed to achieve the same target, which alleviates the requirements of equipped sensors to measure prox-info of speed and acceleration. The developed schemes are capable of on-line estimating of the unknown system parameters and stabilizing the closed-loop system, the string stability of train platoon is guaranteed on the basis of Lyapunov stability theorem. Numerical simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control laws.

关键词： train platoon string stability cooperative adaptive control efficient utility

Concept development and testing of the UK’s first hydrogenhybrid train(HydroFLEX)

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railway engineering Science 2021年第3期29卷 248-257页

作者： Charles Calvert Jeff Allan Peter Amor Stuart Hillmansen Clive Roberts Paul Weston birmingham centre for railway research and education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK Jeff Vehicles Ltd BeavercreekUSA

In October 2018,Porterbrook and the University of birmingham announced the HydroFLEX project,to demonstrate a hydrogen-hybrid modified train atRail Live *** concept of modifying a Class 319 Electric Multiple Unit was developed,with equipment including a fuel cell stack,traction battery,24 V control system and hydrogen storage elements to be mounted inside one of the *** was followed by procurement of a fuel cell stack,traction batteries,and control equipment,which was then installed inside the train,being fixed to the seat *** substantial change from the concept was the provision of considerably more hydrogen storage than the minimum necessary,providing the train with more potential to be further modified to allow for higher speed mainline *** the Rail Live exhibition where HydroFLEX was demonstrated,numerous modifications were performed to increase the reliability and power of the HydroFLEX train,primarily concerned with modifying the base train logic,with the aim of a successfulmainline *** this effort was a multitude of documentation concerning safety,operations,and approvals to gain approvals from the relevant approvals *** project demonstrated the feasibility of using hydrogen fuel cells as an autonomous fuel for railway propulsion systems,which has the potential for full decarbonisation.

关键词： Hydrogen Fuel cell Hybrid Systems engineering

Determining future high speed rail review topics through bibliometric analysis

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High-Speed railway 2024年第1期2卷 17-29页

作者： Heather Steele Marcelo Blumenfeld Paul Plummer birmingham centre for railway research and education school of engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

As High Speed Rail(HSR)has proliferated globally,so has a related research field dedicated to exploring and addressing its unique ***,studies to understand and classify the HSR research domain are *** paper addresses the gap,using bibliometric analysis to identify future research areas and 20 candidate topics for literature review based on keyword analysis through *** and review papers related to HSR published in the last 20 years(2003-2022)were retrieved from Scopus,and then analyzed to determine the split in knowledge between languages,the collaboration between countries and institutions,highly productive and cited journals,and research topics which have and have not been *** 30%of the search results were published exclusively in Chinese,highlighting the importance of extending the evaluation to cover both *** is a novel aspect of the work,which has enabled the recognition of potential knowledge *** is recommended that future reviews incorporate works in both languages,possibly through international *** in China and other countries that are strong collaborators have been identified,as well as relevant,highly cited journals.

关键词： High speed rail Literature review Bibliometric analysis Vosviewer Keyword co-occurrence

Dynamic characteristics of a switch and crossing on the West Coast main line in the UK

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railway engineering Science 2022年第2期30卷 183-203页

作者： Jou-Yi Shih Paul Weston Mani Entezami Clive Roberts birmingham centre for railway research and education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK ZynaMic engineering AB 12070 StockholmSweden

railway switches and crossings constitute a small fraction of linear track length but consume a large proportion of the railway track system maintenance *** switch and crossing(S&C)faults rarely prevent trains from running,switches and crossings are the source of many faults and need continual *** the rare occasions when trains are prevented from running the cost of the disruption is very *** monitoring of the point operating equipment that moves the switchblades has been in use for many years but condition monitoring of the state of the switch in terms of the support and mechanical damage as trains pass over has only recently started to become *** this end,it is important to understand the correlation between S&C faults and sensor data that can detect those *** paper assesses some of the data collected from multiple sensors variously positioned on and around a switch and crossing on the UK mainline for a few days of normal train ***,geophones,and strain gauges were installed at the locations where they were anticipated to be most *** at the load transfer point on the crossing nose were estimated from two separate strain gauge bridges and possible use of acceleration on the crossing is *** between different data are analysed and assessed and correlation between peak estimated load transfer forces and accelerations is *** on the analysis,conclusions are drawn about the different types of dynamic information around S&Cs that can be obtained from a variety of sensor types.

关键词： railway Accelerometer Condition monitoring Impact force Switch and crossing Strain gauge

Multi-Time-Scale Variational Mode Decomposition-Based Robust Fault Diagnosis of railway Point Machines Under Multiple Noises

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 814-822页

作者： Junqi LIU Tao WEN Guo XIE Yuan CAO Clive Roberts Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Information Processing Xi'an University of Technology The school of Electronic and Information engineering Beijing Jiaotong University birmingham centre for railway research and education University of Birmingham

The fault diagnosis of railway point machines(RPMs) has attracted the attention of engineers and *** have studies considered diverse noises along the *** fulfill this aspect,a multi-time-scale variational mode decomposition(MTSVMD) is proposed in this paper to realize the accurate and robust fault diagnosis of RPMs under multiple *** decomposes condition monitoring signals after coarse-grained processing in varying *** this manner,the information contained in the signal components at multiple time scales can construct a more abundant feature space than at a single *** the experimental validation,a random position,random type,random number,and random length(4R) noise-adding algorithm helps to verify the robustness of the *** adequate experimental results demoristrate the superiority of the proposed MTSVMD-based fault diagnosis.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Condition monitoring Noise Signal processing algorithms Aerospace electronics Rail transportation Robustness

A framework for dynamic modelling of railway track switches considering the switch blades,actuators and control systems

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railway engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 162-176页

作者： Saikat Dutta Tim Harrison Christopher Ward Roger Dixon Phil Winship Institute of Thermofluids School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK Wolfson school of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK birmingham centre for railway research and education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Network Rail Milton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK

The main contribution of this paper is the development and demonstration of a novel methodology that can be followed to develop a simulation twin of a railway track switch system to test the functionality in a digital *** is important because,globally,railway track switches are used to allow trains to change routes;they are a key part of all railway ***,because track switches are single points of failure and safety-critical,their inability to operate correctly can cause significant delays and concomitant *** order to better understand the dynamic behaviour of switches during operation,this paper has developed a full simulation twin of a complete track switch *** approach fuses finite element for the rail bending and motion,with physics-based models of the electromechanical actuator system and the control ***,it provides researchers and engineers the opportunity to explore and understand the design space around the dynamic operation of new switches and switch machines before they are *** is useful for looking at the modification or monitoring of existing switches,and it becomes even more important when new switch concepts are being considered and *** simulation is capable of running in real time or faster meaning designs can be iterated and checked *** paper describes the modelling approach,demonstrates the methodology by developing the system model for a novel“REPOINT”switch system,and evaluates the system level performance against the dynamic performance requirements for the *** the context of that case study,it is found that the proposed new actuation system as designed can meet(and exceed)the system performance requirements,and that the fault tolerance built into the actuation ensures continued operation after a single actuator failure.

关键词： railway track switch Mathematical modelling Redundant actuation Finite element analysis

Thermodynamic Analysis on the Performance of Barocaloric Refrigeration Systems Using Neopentyl Glycol as the Refrigerant

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第3期32卷 1063-1073页

作者： DAI Zhaofeng SHE Xiaohui WANG Chen DING Yulong ZHANG Xiaosong ZHAO Dongliang school of Energy&Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China birmingham centre for Energy Storage School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamB152TTUK school of Mechanical engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China engineering research centre of Building Equipment Energyand EnvironmentMinistry of EducationNanjing 210096China

Barocaloric refrigeration is regarded as one of the next-generation alternative refrigeration technology due to its environmental *** recent years,many researchers have been devoted to finding materials with colossal barocaloric effects,while neglecting the research on barocaloric refrigeration devices and thermodynamic *** glycol is regarded as one of the potential refrigerants for barocaloric refrigeration due to its giant isothermal entropy changes and relatively low operating *** evaluate the performance of the barocaloric system using Neopentyl glycol,for the first time,this study establishes a thermodynamic cycle based on the metastable temperature-entropy *** performance of the proposed system is investigated from the aspects of irreversibility,operating temperature range,and operating pressure,and optimized with finite-rate heat *** guidance for the optimal design of the system is given by revealing the effect of the irreversibility in two isobaric *** results show that a COP of 8.8 can be achieved at a temperature span of 10 K when the system fully uses the phase transition region of Neopentyl glycol,while a COP of 3 can be achieved at a temperature span of 10 K when the system operates at room ***,this study also shows that the system performance can be further improved through the modification of Neopentyl glycol,and some future development guidance is provided.

关键词： barocaloric refrigeration neopentyl glycol thermodynamic analysis CoP refrigeration capacity

Barocaloric Material with High Thermal Conductivity for Room-Temperature Refrigeration

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第6期32卷 2115-2125页

作者： ZHU Liutao DAI Zhaofeng GAO Yuanzhi WU Dongxu WANG Changling ZHAO Dongliang SHE Xiaohui DING Yulong ZHANG Xiaosong school of Energy&Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China school of Mechanical engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang050043China birmingham centre for Energy Storage School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK engineering research Center of Building Equipment Energyand EnvironmentMinistry of EducationNanjing210096China

Barocaloric refrigeration technology,one of the caloric-effect refrigeration technologies,is drawing more and more *** glycol(NPG)was reported to have a giant barocaloric effect,making it a potential barocaloric ***,the high solid-solid(S-S)phase transition temperature and low thermal conductivity hinder the application of NPG in barocaloric *** work lowers the S-S phase transition temperature and improves the thermal conductivity of the NPG-based barocaloric *** NPG/TMP(TMP:Trimethylolpropane)binary system with an S-S phase transition temperature of 283.15 K is prepared,in which the mass ratio of TMP is 20%.Graphene is then added to the binary system to enhance thermal conductivity,and the optimal mass ratio of graphene was determined to be 5%.The thermal conductivity of this composite is 0.4 W/(m·K),increased by 110%compared to the binary *** predict the effect of enhanced thermal conductivity on the cold-extraction process of the barocaloric refrigeration cycle,a numerical model is *** results show that the cold-extraction time of the barocaloric refrigeration cycle utilizing the composite with 5%graphene as the refrigerant is shortened by 50%compared with that using the binary system.

关键词： barocaloric refrigeration plastic crystal graphene performance enhancement numerical simulation

High density polyethylene (HDPE)--Graphite composite manufactured by extrusion:A novel way to fabricate phase change materials for thermal energy storage

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Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 131-140页

作者： A.Sciacovelli M.E.Navarro Yi Jin Geng Qiao Lifang Zheng Guanghui Leng Li Wang Yulong Ding birmingham centre for Energy Storage &school of Chemical engineering University of Birmingham (UoB)BirminghamB1527TUK Global Energy Interconnectlon research Institute State Grid Corporation of ChinaBeijing 102209China Global Energy lnterconnection research Institute Europe State Grid Corporation of ChinaBerlin 10117Germany UoB-USTB(University of Sdence & Technology Beijing)Joint centre for Energy &Environmental education & research Beijing100081China

Thermal energy storage (TES)has the potential to facilitate the deployment of renewable energy through addressing the demand-supply mismatch,ultimately leading to the decarbonisation of heat supply. Among the TES technologies,latent heat based TES with composite phase change materials (PCMs)has shown great potential,which has attracted significant attention in recent ***,large scale and reliable manufacturing methods for composite PCMs are still largely ***,we present a study aimed to develop,for the first time,an extrusion process capable of fabricating high density polyethylene based graphite PCM composites at a high throughput and with enhanced thermal *** PCM composites were fabricated under different extrusion process parameters and characterized for their thermo-physical properties by multiple techniques including differential scanning calorimetry,thermal gravitational analyzer,and Fourier transform infrared *** results show that the extrusion process has the potential to fabricate PCM composite bars in a continuous fashion with a manufacturing throughput higher than traditional method;the fabricated PCM composites show enhanced properties (*** to +70% increase in thermal diffusivity);and there is a clear link between extrusion process parameters and PCMs *** analyses show a more homogeneous structure with a lower extrusion speed;whereas a high extrusion speed gives a more microscopically heterogeneous structure with visible graphite agglomerates distributed relatively homogeneous macroscopically;and a higher graphite content gives a larger agglomerate *** results of this work suggest that the elucidation of composition-process-property relationships is crucial:for a given formulation (composition), only through fine tuning of high throughput manufacturing process can make it possible to achieve the desired performance of the PCM composites.

关键词： Composite phase change materials Thermal energy storage Continuous manufacture Composition-process-structure-property relationships