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Cluster sampling methodology to evaluate immunization coverage

World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 78-89页

作者： Aishwarya Sharma RB Jain Jitesh Satija Aditi Sharma Avani Sharma Sudhir Shekhawat Department of Community Medicine School of Medical Sciences&ResearchSharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306UPIndia Department of Community Medicine World College of Medical Sciences&ResearchJhajjar 124103HaryanaIndia Department of Community Medicine ESIC Medical College&HospitalFaridabad 121012HaryanaIndia Department of Community Medicine Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences&ResearchNew Delhi 110062India Department of Community Medicine Pt.B.D.Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001HaryanaIndia Independent biostatistician Ghaziabad 201014UPIndia

BACKGROUND Immunization is a key component of primary health care and an indisputable human *** are critical to the prevention and control of infectious disease *** coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and associated disruptions over the past two years have strained the health systems,with many children missing out on essential childhood *** To evaluate the immunization coverage among 12-23-month-old children in the rural areas of Community Health Centre(CHC)Dighal and to determine the factors influencing the existing immunization *** A coverage evaluation survey was conducted according to the 30-cluster sampling technique,which is the standard methodology for such surveys devised by World Health Organization.A total of 300 children aged 12-23 months were included,whose immunization details were noted from their immunization *** Full immunization rate was noted in 86.7%of the children,with partial and non-immunized children accounting for 9%and 4.3%*** full immunization dropout rate was 4.2%.The common reasons for partial or non-immunization were family problem including illness of mother,vaccine not being available and child being *** of birth(P=0.014)and availability of immunization card(P<0.001)were significant predictors of the immunization *** the study was conducted in 2020/2021,health services were disrupted due to the COVID-19 *** Due to the coverage being higher than the national average,it was concluded that the immunization coverage was optimal and not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Immunization coverage Children COVID 19 pandemic Vaccines Family health Routine immunization

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Glycemic Indices of Multiple Oral Nutritional Supplements: A Randomized Cross-Over Study in Indian Adults

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 941-962页

作者： Deepti Khanna Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Divya Agrawal Hindustan Unilever Limited R&D Department Gurugram India Independent biostatistician & Researcher Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

Background: A randomized cross-over study was conducted to assess the glycemic index (GI) of seven Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONSs). These ONSs are designed to support the nutritional requirements of different age-groups, physiological states, or health conditions among Indian adults. Methods: The study had two phases viz., phase1 (n = 18) studied two ONSs: A1 and B1 and phase 2 (n = 20) studied five ONSs: A2, B2, C2, D2 & E2. The subjects were healthy, non-diabetic adults, aged between 20 - 44 years with a mean Body Mass Index of 21.2 ± 1.52 kg/m2 (Phase 1) and 21.0 ± 1.45 kg/m2 (Phase 2). All these ONSs were compared with reference drinks (glucose). The carbohydrates in one serving of each ONS were matched to carbohydrates from 25 grams of glucose following ISO 2010 guidelines. Capillary blood was assessed for blood glucose response at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. GI was calculated as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the test drinks and expressed as a percentage of the average iAUC from glucose. Results: Phase 1 indicated that the high fiber diabetes-specific nutrition supplement A1 with higher protein (23% energy), higher fat (25% energy) and reduced carbohydrates (40% energy) had a significantly (p = 0.002) lower GI [34 (±6)] as compared to B1 [63 (±7)] (protein 19%, fat 7% and carbohydrates 60% energy) even with similar amount (22%) and type of fiber. Phase 2 reported that all test products [A2 (32 ± 5), B2 (37 ± 4), C2 (31 ± 5), D2 (31 ± 5) and E2 (55 ± 4)] had a low GI. As compared to phase 1, ONSs in phase 2 had lower fiber content (1.6% - 4.6% energy). Conclusion: The glycemic index of oral nutrition supplements is influenced not only by their fiber content, but also by the overall macronutrient composition including protein (≥17% energy), fat (≥10% - 27% energy) and carbohydrates (40% - 57.5% energy).

关键词： Glycemic Index Oral Nutritional Supplements Incremental Area under the Curve Diabetes

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Red blood cell distribution width in elderly hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第9期13卷 503-513页

作者： Andrew Xanthopoulos Konstantinos Tryposkiadis Apostolos Dimos Angeliki Bourazana Alexandros Zagouras Nikolaos Iakovis Michail Papamichalis Grigorios Giamouzis George Vassilopoulos John Skoularigis Filippos Triposkiadis Department of Cardiology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece Independent biostatistician Athens 15669Greece Department of Haematology University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa 41110Greece

BACKGROUND Red blood cell distribution width(RDW)is elevated in patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD).AIM To determine RDW values and impact of CV and non-CV coexisting morbidities in elderly patients hospitalized with chronic *** This prospective study included 204 consecutive elderly patients(age 77.5[7.41]years,female 94[46%],left ventricular ejection fraction 53.00%[37.50,55.00])hospitalized with chronic CVD at the Cardiology Department of Larissa University General Hospital(Larissa,Greece)from January 2019 to April *** patients were selected due to the high prevalence of coexisting morbidities in this patient *** patients with acute CVD(acute coronary syndromes,new-onset heart failure[HF],and acute pericarditis/myocarditis),primary isolated valvular heart disease,sepsis,and those with a history of blood transfusions or cancer were *** evaluation of the patients within 24 h from admission included clinical examination,laboratory blood tests,and *** The most common cardiac morbidities were hypertension and coronary artery disease,with acutely decompensated chronic heart failure(ADCHF)and atrial fibrillation(AF)also frequently being *** most common non-cardiac morbidities were anemia and chronic kidney disease followed by diabetes mellitus,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and sleep *** was significantly elevated 15.48(2.15);121(59.3%)of patients had RDW>14.5%which represents the upper limit of normal in our *** associated with RDW in stepwise regression analysis were ADCHF(coefficient:1.406;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.830-1.981;P<0.001),AF(1.192;0.673 to 1.711;P<0.001),and anemia(0.806;0.256 to 1.355;P=0.004).ADCHF was the most significant factor associated with *** was on average 1.41 higher for patients with than without ADCHF,1.19 higher for patients with than without AF,and 0.81 higher for patients with than without *** patients were grouped b

关键词： Red blood cell distribution width Elderly Cardiovascular disease Coexisting morbidities

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Effects of Saccharomycesboulardiion fecal short-chain fatty acids and microflora in patients on long-term total enteral nutrition

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第39期11卷 6165-6169页

作者： Stéphane M Schneider Fernand Girard-Pipau Jér(o|^)me Filippi Xavier Hébuterne Dominique Moyse Gustavo Calle Hinojosa Anne Pompei Patrick Rampal Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Archet University Hospital NiceFrance Bacteriology Laboratory Archet University Hospital NiceFrance biostatistician paris France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Princess Grace Hospital Monte-CarloMonaco

AIM: To assess the effects of Sb on fecal flora and shortchain fatty acids (SCFA) in patients on long-term ***: Ten patients (3 females, 7 males, 59±5.5 years),on TEN for a median of 13 mo (1-125), and 15 healthy volunteers (4 females, 11 males, 32±2.0 years) received Sb (0.5 g bid PO) for 6 d. Two stool samples were taken before, on the last 2 d and 9-10 d after treatment, for SCFA measurement and for culture and bacterial *** (mean±SE) were compared using sign tests and ***: Fecal butyrate levels were lower in patients(10.1±2.9 mmol/kg) than in controls (19.2±3.9, P= 0.02).Treatment with Sb increased total fecal SCFA levels in patients (150.2±27.2 vs 107.5±18.2 mmol/kg, P = 0.02)but not in controls (129.0±28.6 vs 113.0±15.2 mmol/kg,NS). At the end of treatment with Sb, patients had higher fecal butyrate (16.0±4.4 vs 10.1 [2.9] mmol/kg, P = 0.004).Total SCFAs remained high 9 d after treatment was discontinued. Before the treatment, the anaerobe to aerobe ratio was lower in patients compared to controls (2.4±2.3 vs69.8±1.8, P = 0.003). There were no significant changes in the fecal flora of TEN ***: Sb-induced increase of fecal SCFA concentrations (especially butyrate) may explain the preventive effects of this yeast on TEN-induced diarrhea.

关键词：酵母脂肪酸肠内营养腹泻

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Early results of circularity and centration of capsulotomy prepared by three different methods

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第1期14卷 76-82页

作者： Jagadesh C.Reddy Soumya Devta Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina Mohammad Hasnat Ali Pravin K.Vaddavalli Cataract and Refractive Services Cornea InstituteL V Prasad Eye Institute(LVPEI)Hyderabad 500034India Senior Scientific Officer Srujana Centre for InnovationL V Prasad Eye Institute(LVPEI)Hyderabad 500034India biostatistician Clinical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsL V Prasad Eye Institute(LVPEI)Hyderabad 500034India

AIM:To compare the difference of capsulotomy produced by precision pulse capsulotomy(PPC),manual(M-CCC),and femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy(FLAC)in relation to intraocular lens(IOL)centration,circularity and its effect on visual ***:Prospective,non-randomized comparative study conducted at LV Prasad Eye Institute,Hyderabad,*** eyes of 52 patients were grouped into 3(FLAC,PPC and M-CCC)based on capsulotomy techniques *** consecutive eyes with uneventful phacoemulsification and with no comorbidities affecting the capsulotomy or visual outcome were included in each *** main outcome measure was IOL centration in relation to capsulotomy and *** outcome measures were post-operative visual acuity,manifest refraction and aberration profile between ***:At 5 wk the visual,refractive outcomes and endothelial cell density were comparable between the 3 *** median circularity index of FLAC was statistically significantly different to M-CCC or PPC(1-10)groups(P<0.01)but PPC(11-20)was comparable to *** of IOL center in relation to capsulotomy was seen only between the PPC(1-10)group and FLAC group(P=0.02).The IOL was well centered in relation to the pupil in all the groups(P=0.46).The quality of vision parameters like the higher order aberrations,spherical aberration,coma,trefoil,modular transfer function,and Strehl ratio were comparable between the ***:Our study shows that despite differences in the morphology of capsulotomy produced by PPC,M-CCC,FLAC a well-centered IOL can be *** measured capsular morphology parameters do not affect visual outcomes.

关键词： phacoemulsification capsulotomy intraocular lens centration precision pulse capsulotomy femtosecond laser assisted capsulotomy

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Systematic review of nutrition screening and assessment in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第28期25卷 3823-3837页

作者： Suqing Li Michael Ney Tannaz Eslamparast Ben Vandermeer Kathleen P Ismond Karen Kroeker Brendan Halloran Maitreyi Raman Puneeta Tandon Division of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Canada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N 2T9 Canada Cirrhosis Care Clinic Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2X8 Canada Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence Biostatistician Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1C9 Canada

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple nutrition screening (NST) and assessment tools (NAT) have been developed for general populations, but the evidence in patients with IBD remains unclear. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of abnormalities on NSTs and NATs, whether NSTs are associated with NATs, and whether they predict clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. METHODS Comprehensive searches performed in Medline, CINAHL Plus and PubMed. Included: English language studies correlating NSTs with NATs or NSTs/NATs with clinical outcomes in IBD. Excluded: Review articles/case studies;use of body mass index/laboratory values as sole NST/NAT;age<16. RESULTS Of 16 studies and 1618 patients were included, 72% Crohn’s disease and 28% ulcerative colitis. Four NSTs (the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT), Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NRT) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) were significantly associated with nutritional assessment measures of sarcopenia and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Three NSTs (MIRT, NRS-2002 and Nutritional Risk Index) were associated with clinical outcomes including hospitalizations, need for surgery, disease flares, and length of stay (LOS). Sarcopenia was the most commonly evaluated NAT associated with outcomes including the need for surgery and post-operative complications. The SGA was not associated with clinical outcomes aside from LOS. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence correlating NSTs, NATs and clinical outcomes in IBD. Although studies support the association of NSTs/NATs with relevant outcomes, the heterogeneity calls for further studies before an optimal tool can be recommended. The NRS-2002, measures of sarcopenia and developments of novel NSTs/NATs, such as the MIRT, represent key, clinically-relevant areas for future exploration.

关键词： Nutrition Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Screening Outcomes research

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腹腔镜手术时腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因后的药物分布与临床作用

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麻醉与镇痛 2009年第1期5卷 68-76页

作者： Michael J. Paech Kenneth F. Itett Peter Hackett Madhu Page-Sharp Richard W. Parsons 邢军(译) 李成辉(校) Pharmacology and Anaesthesiology Unit School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia Perth Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory PathWest Laboratory Medicine Nedlands Western Australia Australia Independent biostatistician PerthWestern Australia Australia 不详

背景目前，支持腹腔内注射哌替啶或局部麻醉药以提供有效手术后镇痛的证据尚为有限。本研究的目的旨在探讨腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因后镇痛的有效性，并测定药物的血浆浓度。本研究的无效假设为：各组患者接受腹腔镜腹部大手术后24小... 详细信息

背景目前，支持腹腔内注射哌替啶或局部麻醉药以提供有效手术后镇痛的证据尚为有限。本研究的目的旨在探讨腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因后镇痛的有效性，并测定药物的血浆浓度。本研究的无效假设为：各组患者接受腹腔镜腹部大手术后24小时内活动时疼痛程度无统计学差异。方法本研究采用随机、双盲和空白对照的方法，在2个医学中心将250例拟行腹腔镜手术的女性患者分为5组：腹腔内注射哌替啶50或100mg（M50和M100组）、罗哌卡因150mg（R150组）、哌替啶50mg复合罗哌卡因150mg（M50R150组）和哌替啶肌肉注射50mg（对照组）。所有患者均肌肉注射生理盐水或腹腔内注射生理盐水，以保证各组处理方法的一致性。在恢复期间，将疼痛作为基本的观察指标，此后还要测定药代动力学参数。结果各组患者在手术后恢复室中及离开后的活动疼痛评分均数差异无统计学意义[对照组、M50组、M100组、R150组和M50R150组分别为2．2（2．8）、2．5（3．3）、1．6（2．5）、2．6（3．2）和2．7（3．2），P=0．50]。各组问静息疼痛评分、吗啡静脉用量、恢复指标和患者满意度的差异无统计学意义。腹腔内给予哌替啶50mg后，其血浆浓度（中位数55～60ug/L）相当于肌肉注射等量哌替啶后血浆浓度的一半（中位数113ug/L）。结论与全身注射阿片类药物相比，腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因（单独使用或联合使用）并不能更好地缓解腹腔镜手术后的疼痛或减少阿片类药物的使用量。

关键词：腹腔内注射腹腔镜手术罗哌卡因哌替啶药物分布临床作用手术后镇痛注射生理盐水

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Quality of life following laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication: Assessing short-term and long-term outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第24期19卷 3810-3818页

作者： Ilmo Kellokumpu Markku Voutilainen Caj Haglund Martti Frkkil Peter J Roberts Hannu Kautiainen Department of Surgery Central Hospital of Central Finland40620 Jyvskyl Finland Department of Gastroenterology Central Hospital of Central Finland40620 Jyvskyl Finland Department of Surgery Helsinki University Central Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Helsinki University Central Hospital Department of Surgery Turku University Hospital biostatistician Unit of Primary Health Care Helsinki University Hospital Department of General Practice Primary Health Care Unit Turku University Hospital

AIM: To investigate the quality of life following lapa-roscopic Nissen fundoplication by assessing short-term and long-term outcomes. METHODS: From 1992 to 2005, 249 patients under-went laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Short-term outcome data including symptom response, side effects of surgery, endoscopy, and patient's perception of over-all success were collected prospectively. Long-term out-comes were investigated retrospectively in patients witha median follow-up of 10 years by assessment of reflux symptoms, side effects of surgery, durability of antire-flux surgery, need for additional treatment, patient's perception of success, and quality of life. Antireflux sur-gery was considered a failure based on the following criteria: moderate to severe heartburn or regurgitation; moderate to severe dysphagia reported in combination with heartburn or regurgitation; regular proton pump inhibitor medication use; endoscopic evidence of erosive esophagitis Savary-Miller grade 1-4; pathological 24-h pH monitoring; or necessity to undergo an additional surgery. The main outcome measures were short-and long-term cure rates and quality of life, with patient sat-isfaction as a secondary outcome measure. RESULTS: Conversion from laparoscopy to open sur-gery was necessary in 2.4% of patients. Mortality was zero and the 30-d morbidity was 7.6% (95%CI: 4.7%-11.7%). The median postoperative hospital stay was 2 d [interquartile range (IQR) 2-3 d]. Two hundred and forty-seven patients were interviewed for short-term analysis following endoscopy. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease was cured in 98.4% (95%CI: 95.9%-99.6%) of patients three months after surgery. New-onset dysphagia was encountered postoperatively in 13 patients (6.7%); 95% reported that the outcome was better after antireflux surgery than with preopera-tive medical treatment. One hundred and thirty-nine patients with a median follow-up of 10.2 years (IQR 7.2-11.6 years) were available for a long-term evalu-ation. Cumulativ

关键词： Laparoscopy Nissen fundoplication Long-term outcome Antireflux Gastrointestinal symptom rating scores RAND-36

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A nomogram to preoperatively predict 1-year disease-specific survival in resected pancreatic cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2020年第1期32卷 105-114页

作者： Ho Kyoung Hwang Keita Wada Ha Yan Kim Yuichi Nagakawa Yosuke Hijikata Yota Kawasaki Yoshiharu Nakamura Lip Seng Lee Dong Sup Yoon Woo Jung Lee Chang Moo Kang Division of HBP Surgery Department of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Korea Pancreatobiliary Cancer Clinic Yonsei Cancer CenterSeverance HospitalSeoul 03722Korea Department of Surgery Teikyo University School of MedicineTokyo 173-8605Japan biostatistician Biostatistics Collaboration UnitDepartment of Biomedical Systems InformaticsYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Korea Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Tokyo Medical UniversityTokyo 160-8402Japan Department of Digestive Surgery Breastand Thyroid SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKagoshima UniversityKagoshima 890-0065Japan Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Nippon Medical SchoolTokyo 890-0065Japan Department of General Surgery Changi General HospitalSingapore 529889Singapore

Objective: This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict the 1-year survival of patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent pancreatectomy following neoadjuvant treatment with preoperatively detectable clinical parameters. Extended pancreatectomy is necessary to achieve complete tumor removal in borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer. However, it increases postoperative morbidity and mortality rates, and should be balanced with potential benefit of long-term ***: The medical records of patients who underwent pancreatectomy following neoadjuvant treatment from January 2005 to December 2016 at Severance Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Medical records were collected from five international institutions from Japan and Singapore for external ***: A total of 113 patients were enrolled. The nomogram for predicting 1-year disease-specific survival was created based on 5 clinically detectable preoperative parameters as follows: age(year), symptom(no/yes), tumor size at initial diagnostic stage(cm), preoperative serum carbohydrate antigen(CA) 19-9 level after neoadjuvant treatment(<34/≥34 U/m L), and planned surgery [pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)(pylorus-preserving PD)/distal pancreatectomy(DP)/total pancreatectomy]. Model performance was assessed for discrimination and *** calibration plot showed good agreement between actual and predicted survival probabilities;the the Greenwood-Nam-D’Agostino(GND) goodness-of-fit test showed that the model was well calibrated(χ~2=8.24,P=0.5099). A total of 84 patients were used for external validation. When correlating actual disease-specific survival and calculated 1-year disease-specific survival, there were significance differences according to the calculated probability of 1-year survival among the three groups(P=0.044).Conclusions: The developed nomogram had quite acceptable accuracy and clinical feasibility in the decision-making process for the management of p

关键词： Pancreatic cancer neoadjuvant treatment pancreatectomy survival nomogram

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HER2 in gastric cancer: Comparative analysis of three different antibodies using whole-tissue sections and tissue microarrays

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第38期19卷 6438-6446页

作者： Lucas Faria Abraho-Machado Alexandre Andrade dos Anjos Jácome Durval Renato Wohnrath José Sebastio dos Santos Estela Cristina Carneseca José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto Department of Pathology Barretos Cancer HospitalBarretosSao Paulo 14784-400Brazil Department of Clinical Oncology Mater Dei HospitalBelo HorizonteMinas Gerais 30140-092Brazil Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology Barretos Cancer HospitalBarretosSao Paulo 14784-400Brazil Department of Surgery and Anatomy University of S o Paulo-Ribeir o Preto School of MedicineRibeir o PretoSao Paulo 14049-900Brazil biostatistician at Cancer Registry Department Barretos Cancer HospitalBarretosSao Paulo 14784-400Brazil Researcher Support Center Barretos Cancer HospitalBarretosSao Paulo 14784-400Brazil

AIM:To compare the performance of three commercially available anti-human epidermalgrowth factor receptor 2(HER2)antibodies in whole-tissue sections and tissue microarrays(TMAs)of a series of gastric ***:We present a comparative analysis of three anti-HER2 antibodies(HercepTest,4B5 and SP3)using TMA and whole-tissue sections prepared from the same paraffin blocks of 199 gastric adenocarcinomas operated upon between January 2004 and December2008 at a Brazilian cancer *** data on the patients’age,sex,the anatomical location of the tumor and the Lauren’s histological classification were collected from clinical and pathological *** immunohistochemical(IHC)results were examined by two pathologists and the cases were classified as positive(3+),equivocal(2+)and negative(0 or 1+),according to the criteria of the IHC scoring system of gastric *** and whole-tissue sections were evaluated separately and *** cases yielding discordant IHC results and/or scored as 2+were subjected to dual-color in situ hybridization in order to determine the final HER2 *** determining the sensitivity and predictive value for HER2-positive status,we measured the accuracy of each antibody by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)*** agreement between the results obtained using the TMAs and those obtained using the whole-tissue sections was assessed by means of Kappa ***:Intratumoral heterogeneity of HER2 expression was observed with all ***2-positive expression(3+)in the whole-tissue sections was observed in 23 cases(11.6%)using the 4B5 antibody,in 18 cases(9.1%)using the SP3 antibody and in 10 cases(5.1%)using the HercepTest *** the TMAs,11 positive cases(5.6%)were identified using SP3 antibody,9(4.6%)using the 4B5 antibody and 6(3%)using the HercepTest *** sensitivity using whole-tissue sections and TMA,respectively,was 95.2%and 42.9%with 4B5,90.5%and 66.7%

关键词： Gastric cancer Human epidermalgrowth factor receptor 2 Immunohistochemistry Whole-tissue sections Tissue microarray Trastuzumab

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