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Integrated neural tracing and in-situ barcoded sequencing reveals the logic of SCN efferent circuits in regulating circadian behaviors

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 518-528页

作者： Meimei Liao Xinwei Gao Chen Chen Qi Li Qingchun Guo He Huang Erquan Zhang Dapeng Ju College of biological sciences China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China National Institute of biological sciences(NIBS) Beijing 102206China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China School of Biomedical Engineering Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Anesthesiology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401336China Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 102206China

The circadian clock coordinates rhythms in numerous physiological processes to maintain organismal homeostasis. Since the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN) is widely accepted as the circadian pacemaker, it is critical to understand the neural mechanisms by which rhythmic information is transferred from the SCN to peripheral clocks. Here, we present the first comprehensive map of SCN efferent connections and suggest a molecular logic underlying these projections. The SCN projects broadly to most major regions of the brain, rather than solely to the hypothalamus and thalamus. The efferent projections from different subtypes of SCN neurons vary in distance and intensity, and blocking synaptic transmission of these circuits affects circadian rhythms in locomotion and feeding to different extents. We also developed a barcoding system to integrate retrograde tracing with in-situ sequencing, allowing us to link circuit anatomy and spatial patterns of gene expression. Analyses using this system revealed that brain regions functioning downstream of the SCN receive input from multiple neuropeptidergic cell types within the SCN, and that individual SCN neurons generally project to a single downstream brain *** map of SCN efferent connections provides a critical foundation for future investigations into the neural circuits underlying SCNmediated rhythms in physiology. Further, our new barcoded tracing method provides a tool for revealing the molecular logic of neuronal circuits within heterogeneous brain regions.

关键词： circadian rhythms SCN output circuit neural tracing barcoded GFP in situ sequencing

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Climate-change habitat shifts for the vulnerable endemic oak species(Quercus arkansana Sarg.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 117-127页

作者： Suresh Chandra Subedi Seth Drake Binaya Adhikari Mark V.Coggeshall Department of biological sciences Arkansas Tech UniversityRussellvilleARUSA Department of Biology University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri203 ABNR BuildingColumbiaMO 65211USA

Quercus arkansana(Arkansas oak)is at risk of becoming endangered,as the total known population size is represented by a few isolated *** potential impact of climate change on this species in the near future is high,yet knowledge of its predicted effects is *** study utilized the biomod2 R package to develop habi-tat suitability ensemble models based on bioclimatic and topographic environmental variables and the known loca-tions of current distribution of *** predicted suitable habitats across three climate change scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)for 2050,2070,and *** findings reveal that the current suitable habitat for *** is approximately 127,881 km^(2) across seven states(Texas,Arkansas,Alabama,Louisiana,Mississippi,Georgia,and Florida);approximately 9.5%is encompassed within state and federally managed protected *** models predict that all current suitable habitats will disap-pear by 2050 due to climate change,resulting in a northward shift into new regions such as Tennessee and *** large extent of suitable habitat outside protected areas sug-gests that a species-specific action plan incorporating pro-tected areas and other areas may be crucial for its ***,protection of *** habitat against climate change may require locally and regionally focused conservation policies,adaptive management strategies,and educational outreach among local people.

关键词： Biomod2 Climate change Conservation Habitat loss Habitat shift Species distribution modeling Oak species

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Differences in leaf cuticular wax induced by whole-genome duplication in autotetraploid sour jujube

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 66-76页

作者： Meng Li Chenxing Zhang Lu Hou Xinru Liu Hanqing Zhao Xiaoming Pang Wenhao Bo Yingyue Li National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants Ministry of EducationCollege of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Drought-resistant plants exhibit strong water retention *** this regard,the autotetraploid sour jujube leaves exhibit better water retention than diploid *** comparisons and physiological comparisons of diploid and autotetraploid leaves showed that the autotetraploid leaves had thicker leaf cuticles and more leaf wax accumulation than the diploid leaves,which could reduce cuticle permeability and improve the drought tolerance of *** this study,the cuticular wax crystalloids on the adaxial and abaxial sides of young and mature jujube leaves were observed in the two ploidy types,and unique cuticular wax crystalloids covering a large area of the cuticle on autotetraploid sour jujube leaves may provide an advantage in reducing leaf non-stomata transpiration and improving plant drought *** on the transcriptome,115 differentially expressed genes between diploids and autotetraploids were further analyzed and found to be involved in the accumulation of cuticular wax components,including terpenoids,fatty acids,and lipids,as well as ABC transporter and wax biosynthetic ***,14 genes differentially expressed between glossy autotetraploid leaves and nonglossy diploid leaves,such as LOC107414787,LOC107411574 and LOC107413721,were screened as candidate genes by qRT-PCR *** findings provided insights into how polyploidization improved drought tolerance.

关键词： Autotetraploid Jujube Drought tolerance Cuticular wax RNA-seq

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Subtraction of liposome signals in cryo-EM structural determination of protein-liposome complexes

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 569-577页

作者：李首卿李明王玉梅李雪明 Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Protein sciences of Ministry of Education School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life sciences Beijing 100084China Beijing Frontier Research Center for biological Structure Beijing 100084China School of Life sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Branch of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Beijing 100190China

Reconstituting membrane proteins in liposomes and determining their structure is a common method for determining membrane protein structures using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM).However,the strong signal of liposomes under cryo-EM imaging conditions often interferes with the structural determination of the embedded membrane ***,we propose a liposome signal subtraction method based on single-particle two-dimensional(2D)classification average images,aimed at enhancing the reconstruction resolution of membrane *** analyzed the signal distribution characteristics of liposomes and proteins within the 2D classification average images of protein–liposome complexes in the frequency *** on this analysis,we designed a method to subtract the liposome signals from the original particle *** the subtraction,the accuracy of single-particle three-dimensional(3D)alignment was improved,enhancing the resolution of the final 3D *** demonstrated this method using a PIEZO1-proteoliposome dataset by improving the resolution of the PIEZO1 protein.

关键词： cryo-EM protein–liposome complexes liposome signal subtraction 2D classification averaging

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Reproductive biology of harvestmen(Arachnida:Opiliones):a review of a rapidly evolving research field

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 115-135页

作者： Glauco Machado Mercedes Burns LAGE do Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of biological sciences University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA

Harvestmen are a major arachnid order that has experienced a dramatic increase in biological knowledge in the 21st *** publication of the book Harvestmen:The Biology of Opiliones in 2007 stimulated the development of many behavioral *** the book is relatively recent,our understanding of the reproductive biology of harvestmen is already outdated due to the fast accumulation of new *** goal is to provide an updated review of the subject to serve as a benchmark for the following *** the pre-copulatory phase,we explore the evolu-tion of facultative parthenogenesis,the factors that may affect the types of mating system,and the role of nuptial gifts in *** the copulatory phase,harvestmen are unique arachnids because they have aflagellate spermatozoa and a penis with complex *** discuss the implications of these two features for sperm competition and cryptic female *** the post-copulatory phase,we connect ovi-position site selection and climate conditions to the widespread occurrence of resource defense polygyny,alternative reproductive tactics,and sexual dimorphism in several clades of tropical ***,we present the different forms of parental care in the order,and discuss the benefits and costs of this behavior,which can be performed either by females or *** the review,we indicate gaps in our knowl-edge and subjects that deserve further ***,the information synthesized here will stimulate researchers worldwide to embrace harvestmen as a study system and to improve our effort to unravel the mysteries of their reproductive biology.

关键词： alternative reproductive tactics nuptial gifts parental care parthenogenesis resource defense polygyny sexual dimorphism.

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Overexpression of Kdm6b induces testicular differentiation in a temperature-dependent sex determination system

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 1108-1115页

作者： Qiran Chen Wei Sun Lin Jin Yingjie Zhou Fang Li Chutian Ge College of biological and Environmental sciences Zhejiang Wanli UniversityNingboZhejiang 315100China Institute of Animal Sex and Development Zhejiang Wanli UniversityNingboZhejiang 315100China

In reptiles,such as the red-eared slider turtle(Trachemys scripta elegans),gonadal sex determination is highly dependent on the environmental temperature during embryonic *** complex process,which leads to differentiation into either testes or ovaries,is governed by the finely tuned expression of upstream genes,notably the testis-promoting gene Dmrt1 and the ovary-promoting gene *** studies have identified epigenetic regulation as a crucial factor in testis development,with the H3K27me3 demethylase KDM6B being essential for Dmrt1 expression in ***,whether KDM6B alone can induce testicular differentiation remains *** this study,we found that overexpression of Kdm6b in *** embryos induced the male development pathway,accompanied by a rapid increase in the gonadal expression of Dmrt1 at 31°C,a temperature typically resulting in female ***,this sex reversal could be entirely rescued by Dmrt1 *** findings demonstrate that Kdm6b is sufficient for commitment to the male pathway,underscoring its role as a critical epigenetic regulator in the sex determination of the red-eared slider turtle.

关键词： Temperature-dependent sex determination Sex reversal Kdm6b Dmrt1 T.s.elegans

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Population size estimates based on GPS telemetry

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 36-38页

作者： Yu-Xuan Fan Pu-Zheng Xie Chi Ma Ting Chen Xiao Ye Hua-Lin Xu Qiong Yang Peng-Fei Fan School of Life sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China College of Agriculture and biological sciences DaliYunnan 671003China Neilingding-Futian National Nature Reserve of Guangdong ShenzhenGuangdong 518040China

DEAR EDITOR,Accurate estimation of population size is a crucial issue in wildlife population ecology and *** Global Positioning System(GPS)collars are well recognized as an effective method for monitoring wildlife behavior,their application in direct wildlife population size estimation remains *** this study,GPS telemetry was employed to survey a rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta)population on Neilingding Island in Guangdong,*** May 2021 to April 2022,32 macaques across nine groups were fitted with GPS collars,producing a dataset of 109739 location *** data from all tracked individuals revealed the annual home ranges of the nine groups.

关键词： China Island size

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Structural changes in the conversion of an Arabidopsis outward-rectifying K+channel into an inward-rectifying channel

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 5-8页

作者： Xudong Gao Xia Xu Tengfei Sun Yuhan Lu Yutian Jia Jiaqi Zhou Peng Fu Yanming Zhang Guanghui Yang State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingDepartment of Nutrition and HealthCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Dear Editor,By using cryo-electron microscopy and electrophysiology,this study characterizes the structural and functional dynamics of the K+outward-rectifying channel SKOR in Arabidopsis and the structural changes associated with a double mutation that transforms SKOR into an inward-rectifying K+channel,*** findings have implications for understanding and manipulating crop K+nutrition.

关键词： channel Arabidopsis changes

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Mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel contribute to pyrethroid resistance in Panonychus citri

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 803-816页

作者： Deng Pan Qiu-Juan Luo Andrias O.O'Reilly Guo-Rui Yuan Jin-Jun Wang Wei Dou Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionAcademy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River(Ministry of Education) Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina School of biological and Environmental sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK

Insecticide resistance in Panonychus citri is a major obstacle to mite control in citrus *** insecticides are continually used to control mites in China,although resistance to pyrethroids has evolved in some ***,the resistance to the pyrethroid fenpropathrin was investigated and 7 out of 8 field-collected populations of P citri exhibited a high level of resistance,ranging from 171-fold to 15391-fold higher than the susceptible(SS)comparison *** voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC)mutations were identified in the tested populations:L1031V,F1747L,and *** sequencing was used to evaluate the frequency of these mutations in the 19 field populations.L1031V and F1751I were present in all populations at frequencies of 11.6%-82.1%and 0.5%-31.8%,respectively,whereas the F1747L mutation was only present in 12 populations from Chongqing,Sichuan,Guangxi,and Yunnan *** of these mutations singly or in combination into transgenic flies significantly increased their resistance to fenpropathrin and these flies also exhibited reduced mortality after exposure to the pyrethroids permethrin andβ-*** citri VGSC homology modeling and ligand docking indicate that F1747 and F1751 form direct binding contacts with pyrethroids,which are lost with mutation,whereas L1031 mutation may diminish pyrethroid effects through an allosteric ***,the results provide molecular markers for monitoring pest resistance to pyrethroids and offer new insights into the basis of pyrethroid actions on sodium channels.

关键词： amplicon sequencing kdr mutation molecular docking Panonychus citri pyrethroid resistance transgenic flies

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The endogenous antioxidant ability of royal jelly in Drosophila is independent of Keap1/Nrf2 by activating oxidoreductase activity

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 503-523页

作者： Dongjing Wen Jiayu Xie Yao Yuan Lirong Shen Yufeng Yang Wenfeng Chen Institute of Life sciences College of Biological Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina School of Medicine Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Royal jelly(RJ)is a biologically active substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker *** is widely claimed that RJ reduces oxidative ***,the antioxidant activity of RJ has mostly been determined by in vitro chemical detection methods or by external administration drugs that cause oxidative *** RJ can clear the endogenous production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells remains largely ***,we systematically investigated the antioxidant properties of RJ using several endogenous oxidative stress models of *** found that RJ enhanced sleep quality of aging Drosophila,which is decreased due to an increase of oxidative damage with *** supplementation improved survival and suppressed ROS levels in gut cells of flies upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide or to the neurotoxic agent ***,RJ supplementation moderated levels of ROS in endogenous gut cells and extended lifespan after exposure of flies to heat *** deprivation leads to accumulation of ROS in the gut cells,and RJ attenuated the consequences of oxidative stress caused by sleep loss and prolonged ***,RJ prevented cell oxidative damage caused by heat stress or sleep deprivation,with the antioxidant activity in vivo independent of Keap1/Nrf2 *** supplementation activated oxidoreductase activity in the guts of flies,suggesting its ability to inhibit endogenous oxidative stress and maintain health,possibly in humans.

关键词： antioxidant biological oxidations Drosophila oxidative stress royal jelly sleep loss

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