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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 671-681页

作者： Angelid Pabon Jagannatham Naidu Bhupana Ching-On Wong Department of biological sciences Rutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA

Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.

关键词： autophagy bioenergetics endolysosome energy production glycolysis metabolic reprogramming mitochondria

Bimodal alarm signals modulate responses to monomodal alarm signals in Camponotus modoc carpenter ants

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 343-355页

作者： Asim Renyard Gerhard Gries Department of biological sciences Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada Abstract

Distressed western carpenter ants,Camponotus modoc,produce alarm pheromone and substrate-borne *** alarm pheromone attracts nestmates but the effects of vibratory signals,or of bimodal pheromonal and vibratory signals,are not *** ants of two Camponotus congeners reportedly stand still(“freeze”)or run fast in response to engineered drumming vibrations inputted on plastic,but many responses to ant-produced vibratory signals on wood have not yet been ***,orientating toward signalers under vertebrate predator attack seems maladaptive and not beneficial to ant *** tested the hypotheses(1)that vibratory alarm signals cause freezing,rapid running but not attraction of nestmates,and(2)that bimodal alarm signals modulate responses to monomodal alarm signals,thereby possibly reducing predation *** Doppler vibrometry recordings revealed that the ants’vibratory signals readily propagate through ant nest lamellae,and thus quickly inform nest mates of perceived *** a speaker modified to record and deliver vibratory signals,we obtained drumming signals of distressed ants on a Douglas fir veneer,and bioassayed signal effects on ants in an arena with a suspended veneer *** response playback of vibratory signals,ants ran rapidly,or froze,but did not approach the vibratory *** to alarm pheromone,ants frequently visited the pheromone ***,concurrently exposed to both alarm pheromone and vibratory signals,ants visited the pheromone source less often but spent more time“frozen.”The ants’modulated responses to bimodal signals seem adaptive but the reproductive fitness benefits are still to be quantified.

关键词： alarm pheromone communication Formicidae Hymenoptera nest defense vibratory signal

Apolipoprotein E elicits targetdirected miRNA degradation to maintain neuronal integrity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2577-2578页

作者： Jiazi Tan Chin-Tong Ong Temasek Life sciences Laboratory National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of biological sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore

Apolipoprotein E has diverse functions in neurons:Apolipoprotein E(ApoE)is a glycoprotein that primarily regulates lipid metabolism and transport in the central nervous *** are three predominant human ApoE protein isoforms with cysteine and arginine substitutions at amino acid positions 112 and 158 that impact their lipidation and related functions(Flowers and Rebeck,2020).ApoE2 is characterized by Cys112 and Cys158,ApoE3 by Cys112 and Arg158,whereas ApoE4 contains Arg112 and Arg158.

关键词： metabolism glycoprotein maintain

Astrocytes integrate time and space

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 467-468页

作者： Justin Lines Department of biological sciences Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Astrocytes read and react to synaptic transmission through tripartite synapses,where the binding of neurotransmitters onto astrocytic receptors triggers an increase in intracellular *** investigations have revealed that astrocytes exhibit two distinct states of intracellular calcium activity:(1)graded subcellular localized clusters with independently active microdomains,likely influenced by nearby synaptic events,and(2)whole-cell astrocyte calcium surges,believed to result from the coordinated activation of multiple ***,astrocyte calcium responses are not solely graded;instead,a spatial threshold of intracellular calcium activity can be overcome to elicit an astrocyte calcium *** these calcium responses,in turn,initiate downstream signaling pathways capable of modifying synaptic communication and overall network *** summary,astrocytes can function as integrators of local synaptic events,actively contributing to information processing within the brain.

关键词： graded integrate instead

Alpha-synuclein in mitochondrial dysfunction:opportunities or obstacles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 197-198页

作者： Shermali Gunawardena Department of biological sciences The State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA

Recent work suggests a link betweenα-synuclein(α-syn)and mitochondrial dysfunction;however,the mechanisms of howα-syn influences mitochondrial function are still *** notably,whetherα-syn plays a direct role during mitochondrial function and/or whether diseasedα-syn-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential modifiable risk factor in Parkinson’s disease(PD)is *** date,mutations in more than eight genes cause familial PD(fPD)and have functions in diverse pathways including synaptic homeostasis,mitochondria maintenance,autophagy/lysosome,and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways.

关键词： dysfunction homeostasis Alpha

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

Quantum convolution inequalities on Frobenius von Neumann algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第3期68卷 615-636页

作者： Linzhe Huang Zhengwei Liu Jinsong Wu Beijing Institute of Mathematical sciences and Applications Yau Mathematical sciences center and Department of Mathematics Tsinghua University

In this paper, we introduce Frobenius von Neumann algebras and study quantum convolution inequalities. In this framework, we unify quantum Young's inequality on quantum symmetries such as subfactors,and fusion bi-algebras studied in quantum Fourier analysis. Moreover, we prove quantum entropic convolution inequalities and characterize the extremizers in the subfactor case. We also prove quantum smooth entropic convolution inequalities. We obtain the positivity of comultiplications of subfactor planar algebras, which is stronger than the quantum Schur product theorem. All these inequalities provide analytic obstructions of unitary categorification of fusion rings stronger than the Schur product criterion.

关键词： Frobenius von Neumann algebra quantum Young's inequality quantum entropic convolution inequality unitary categorification

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Study on the One-year Accuracy of Pulsar Time-scale

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期25卷 282-296页

作者： Linlin Wang Zhehao Zhang Chengshi Zhao Zongke Li Minglei Tong National Time Service center Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences

Determining accurate pulsar timing model parameters is essential for establishing TT(PT), a realization of Terrestrial Time (TT) based on a pulsar timescale (PT). This study discusses the impact of different data spans on the accuracy of pulsar timing model parameters when determining pulsar timing model parameters. Using observations of PSR J0437-4715, J1909-3744, J1713+0747, and J1744-1134 from the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA II, Version A), we compare the accuracy of the timing model parameters determined by these observations with different data spans. The results show for PSR J0437-4715, J1713+0747,and J1909-3744, the amplitude fluctuations of rotational frequency remain within 10-15, 10-14, and 10-14Hz,respectively, when the data spans for determining pulsar timing model parameters exceed 13, 14, and 6 ***, the one-year accuracy of TT(PT) is crucial for its application in timekeeping. By comparing the frequency deviations of TT(PT) relative to TT(BIPM) under both ideal (kr) and actual (kp) conditions across different data spans, we find that when the data span reaches the duration above, the accuracy of TT(PT) surpasses that of TT(TAI) under ideal conditions, slightly inferior under actual conditions. This suggests with improved observational technologies, the accuracy of TT(PT) can be further enhanced.

关键词： (stars:) pulsars: individual (PSRs J1909-3744, J1713+0747, J0437-4715, J1744-1134) methods: data analysis time

Immobilization of laccase on magnetic PEGDA-CS inverse opal hydrogel for enhancement of bisphenol A degradation in aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 74-82页

作者： Mei Du Jingzhang Liu Qiong Wang Fengbang Wang Lei Bi Chunyan Ma Maoyong Song Guibin Jiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A(BPA)adversely affect the environment and human *** are used for the efficient biodegradation of various persistent organic pollutants in an environmentally safe ***,the direct application of free laccases is generally hindered by short enzyme lifetimes,non-reusability,and the high cost of a single *** this study,laccases were immobilized on a novel magnetic threedimensional poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate(PEGDA)-chitosan(CS)inverse opal hydrogel(LAC@MPEGDA@CS@IOH).The immobilized laccase showed significant improvement in the BPA degradation performance and superior storage stability compared with the free laccase.91.1%of 100 mg/L BPA was removed by the LAC@MPEGDA@CS@IOH in 3 hr,whereas only 50.6%of BPA was removed by the same amount of the free *** with the laccase,the outstanding BPA degradation efficiency of the LAC@MPEGDA@CS@IOH was maintained over a wider range of pH values and ***,its relative activity of was maintained at 70.4%after 10 cycles,and the system performed well in actual water *** efficientmethod for preparing immobilized laccases is simple and green,and it can be used to further develop ecofriendly biocatalysts to remove organic pollutants from wastewater.

关键词： Bisphenol A removal Laccase immobilization Chitosan Inverse opal hydrogel

TPMGD:A genomic database for the traditional medicines in Pakistan

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 87-93页

作者： Rushuang Xiang Huihua Wan Wei Sun Baozhong Duan Weiqian Chen Xue Cao Sifan Wang Chi Song Shilin Chen Yan Wang Atia-tul Wahab M.Iqbal Choudhary Xiangxiao Meng State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences College of Pharmaceutical Science Dali University H.E.J.Research Institute of Chemistry International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Dr.Panjwani center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi

Objective:In Pakistan,traditional medicines are an important component of the medical system,with numerous varieties and great ***,due to the scattered resources and the lack of systematic collection and collation,adulteration of traditional Pakistani medicine(TPM) is common,which severely affects the safety of their medicinal use and the import and export ***,it is urgent to systematically organize and unify the management of TPM and establish a set of standards and operable methods for the identification of ***:We collected and organized the information on 128 TPMs with regard to their medicinal parts,efficacy,usage,and genetic material,based on Pakistan Hamdard Pharmacopoeia of Eastern Medicine:Pharmaceutical *** genetic information of TPM is summarized from national center for biotechnology information(NCBI) and global pharmacopoeia genome database(GPGD).Furthermore,we utilized bioinformatics technology to supplement the chloroplast genome(cp-genome) data of 12 *** build the web server,we used the Linux+Apache+MySQL+PHP(LAMP) system and constructed the webpage on a PHP:Hypertext Preprocessor(PHP) model view controller(MVC) ***:We constructed a new genomic database,the traditional Pakistani medicine genomic database(TPMGD).This database comprises five entries,namely homepage,medicinal species,species identification,basic local alignment search tool(BLAST),and ***,TPMGD contains basic profiles of 128 TPMs and genetic information of 102 TPMs,including 140 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)sequences and 119 mitochondrial genome sequences from Bombyx mori,1 396 internal transcribed spacer 2(ITS2) sequences and 1 074 intergenic region(psbA-trnH) sequences specific to 92 and 83 plant species,***,TPMGD includes 199 cp-genome sequences of 82 ***:TPMGD is a multifunctional database that integrates species description,functional information inquiry,genetic information

关键词： chloroplast genome database DNA barcodes Pakistan traditional medicine