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Prevalence of Plasmodia and hepatitis B virus co-infection in blood donors at Bishop Murray Medical Centre,Makurdi,Benue State,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第3期4卷 224-226页

作者： Paulyn Tracy Aernan Terdzungwe Thaddaeus Sar Simon Hiifan Torkula Department of biological Sciences University of AgricultureMakurdiBenue StateNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of co-infection of hepatitis B and Plasmodia among potential blood donors in Benue State,and Nigeria at large and offer suggestions and containment ***:Three hundred and thirty seven(337) potential blood donors,comprising 229(67.95%) Males and 108(32.05%) Females were screened for co-infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV) and Plasmodia between the months of July and December,2009 using standard laboratory ***:An overall co-infection rate of 137(40.67%) was observed among the *** month of December showed highest co-infection rates 59(17.51%).Highest rates of infection was observed in males at 129(38.30%) to 8(2.37%) in *** analysis showed significant difference in infection rates between males and females(Pgroups 18-22,23-27 and 28-32 had higher prevalence of infection at 11.90%,13.05% and 6.53%,*** of age group,males showed higher rates of infections than females in corresponding age ***:The high rates of co-infection imply that these infections are threats the health of citizens and should be adequately addressed by adoption of strategies to combat and control ***,blood should be rigorously screened before transfusion to safeguard the health of recipients.

关键词： HBV Plasmodia Co-infection Blood donors Makurdi

A Review of the Tetrapod Track Record in China,with Special Reference to Type Ichnospecies:Implications for Ichnotaxonomy and Paleobiology

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 1-20页

作者： Martin G.LOCKLEY LI Jianjun LI Rihui Masaki MATSUKAWA Jerald D.HARRIS XING Lida University of Colorado Denver Dinosaur Tracks Research Group Beijing Museum of Natural History Museum Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey Department of Environmental Sciences Tokyo Gakugei University Department of Physical Sciences Dixie State College Department of biological Sciences University of Alberta11455 Saskatchewan Drive

＂Splitting＂ and ＂lumping＂ are perpetual problems in vertebrate, especially dinosaur, ichnotaxonomy. Chinese dinosaur ichnotaxonomy, which began in 1940, provides a series of interesting case studies, highlighting the dual problems of historical and dubious ichnotaxonomy. Chinese Mesozoic tetrapod track types have been placed into 63 ichnospecies （one Triassic, 28 Jurassic, and 34 Cretaceous）, exclusive of other, non-type ichnospecies or ichnotaxa identified from China. Fifty-two （~83%） of these 63 tetrapod ichnospecies were placed in monospecific ichnogenera. At the ichnogenus level, we prune---either by recognizing nomina dubia or by synonymy--17 from the list of 53 dinosaurian ichnogenera （a 32% reduction）, leaving 36 ichnotaxa that we consider valid. Most of the cuts affect Jurassic theropod ichnotaxa, which are reduced from 23 to only nine because most ichnogenera are subjective junior synonyms of Grallator and Eubrontes. Fewer Chinese Cretaceous ichnotaxa （only six of 21 ichnogenera） are obvious nomina dubia or subjective synonyms, suggesting greater east Asian endemism during this time. Because ichnospecies differences are subtle, we provisionally retain ichnospecies as valid pending detailed comparative analyses of congeneric ichnospecies. This synthesis is long overdue and is necessary to address problems of historical and provincial ichnotaxonomy, which severely hamper comparisons of tetrapod ichnofaunas in space and time.

关键词： Dinosaurs birds theropods ichnotaxonomy Mesozoic China

Switch of substrate specificity of hyperthermophilic acylaminoacyl peptidase by combination of protein and solvent engineering

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Protein & Cell 2011年第6期2卷 497-506页

作者： Chang Liu Guangyu Yang Lie Wu Guohe Tian Zuoming Zhang Yan Feng State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin UniversityChangchun 130023China Changchun Institute of biological Products China National Biotec GroupChangchun 130061China

The inherent evolvability of promiscuous enzymes endows them with great potential to be artificially evolved for novel ***,we succeeded in transforming a promiscuous acylaminoacyl peptidase(apAAP)from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Aeropyrum pernix K1 into a specific carboxylesterase by making a single *** order to fulfill the urgent requirement of thermostable lipolytic enzymes,in this paper we describe how the substrate preference of apAAP can be further changed from p-nitrophenyl caprylate(pNP-C8)to p-nitrophenyl laurate(pNP-C12)by protein and solvent *** one round of directed evolution and subsequent saturation mutagenesis at selected residues in the active site,three variants with enhanced activity towards pNP-C12 were ***,a combined mutant W474V/F488G/R526V/T560W was generated,which had the highest catalytic efficiency(kcat/Km)for pNP-C12,about 71-fold higher than the wild *** activity was further increased by solvent engineering,resulting in an activity enhancement of 280-fold compared with the wild type in the presence of 30%*** structural basis for the improved activity was studied by substrate docking and molecular dynamics *** was revealed that W474V and F488G mutations caused a significant change in the geometry of the active center,which may facilitate binding and subsequent hydrolysis of bulky *** conclusion,the combination of protein and solvent engineering may be an effective approach to improve the activities of promiscuous enzymes and could be used to create naturally rare hyperthermophilic enzymes.

关键词： acylaminoacyl peptidase esterase substrate specificity protein engineering solvent engineering

Targeting of AUF1 to vascular endothelial cells as a novel anti-aging therapy

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第8期14卷 515-523页

作者： Jian HE Ya-Feng JIANG Liu LIANG Du-jin WANG Wen-Xin WEI Pan-Pan JI Yao-Chan HUANG Hui SONG Xiao-Ling LU Yong-Xiang ZHAO National Center for International Research of biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Guangxi Key Laboratory of biological Targeting Diagnosis andTherapy Research 'Collaborative lnnovatton Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina

Background Inhibition of aging of vascular endothelial cells （VECs） may delay aging and prolong life. The goal of this study was to prepare anti-CD31 monoclonal antibody conjugated PEG-modified liposomes containing the AU-rich region connecting factor 1 （AUF1） gene （CD31-PILs-AUF1） and to explore the effects of targeting CD31-PILs-AUF1 to aging VECs. Methods The mean particle sizes of various PEGylated immunoliposomes （PILs） were measured using a Zetasizer Nano ZS. Gel retardation assay was used to confirm whether PILs had encapsulated the AUF1 plasmid successfully. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to quantify binding of CD31-PILs-AUF1 to target cells. Flow cytometry was also used to analyze the cell cycles of aging bEnd3 cells treated with CD31-PILs-AUF1. We also developed an aging mouse model by treating mice with D-galactose. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to evaluate the levels of interleuldn-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-or （TNF-ct）. The malondialdehyde （MDA） and the superoxide dismutase （SOD） levels were detected by commercial kits. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to determine whether treatment with CD31-PILs-AUF 1 was toxic to the mice. Results CD31-PILs-AUF 1 specifically could targeted bEnd3 VECs and increased the percentage of cells in the S and G2/M phases of aging bEnd3 cells. ELISA showed that content of the IL-6 and TNF-ct decreased in CD31-PILs-AUF1 group. The level of SOD increased, whereas MDA decreased in the CD31-PILs-AUF1 group. Additionally, CD31-PILs-AUF 1 was not toxic to the mice. Conclusion CD31-PILs-AUF 1 targets VECs and may delay their senescence.

关键词： Aging AU-rich region connecting factor 1 PEGylated immunoliposomes Vascular endothelial ceils

Phenolic metabolism and molecular mass distribution of polysaccharides in cellulose-deficient maize cells

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第7期59卷 475-495页

作者： María de Castro Romina Martínez-Rubio José L.Acebes Antonio Encina Stephen C.Fry Penélope García-Angulo área de Fisiología Vegetal.Dpto.Ingenieríay Ciencias Agrarias.Facultad de Biologíay Ciencias Ambientales.Universidad de León The Edinburgh Cell Wall group Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological Sciences Daniel Rutherford BuildingThe King's Buildings

As a consequence of the habituation to low levels of dichlobenil （DCB）, cultured maize cells presented an altered hemicellulose cell fate with a lower proportion of strongly wall-bound hemicelluloses and an increase in soluble extracellular polymers released into the culture medium. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative molecular mass distributions of polysaccharides as well as phenolic metabolism in cells habituated to low levels of DCB （1.5 μM）. Generally, cell wall bound hemicelluloses and sloughed polymers from habituated cells were more homogeneously sized and had a lower weight-average relative molecular mass. In addition, polysaccharides underwent massive cross-linking after being secreted into the cell wall, but this cross-linking was less pronounced in habituated cells than in non-habituated ones. However, when relativized, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid contents were higher in this habituated cell line. Feasibly, cells habituated to low levels of DCB synthesized molecules with a lower weight-average relative molecular mass, although cross-linked, as a part of their strategy to compensate for the lack of cellulose.

关键词： Phenolic metabolism and molecular mass distribution of polysaccharides in cellulose-deficient maize cells were for

Antioxidant and Anti-aging Activities of Silybum Marianum Protein Hydrolysate in Mice Treated with D-galactose

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第9期30卷 623-631页

作者： ZHU Shu Yun JIANG Ning TU Jie YANG Jing ZHOU Yue School of Food and biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina JiangsuHengshun group Co.Ltd. Zhenjiang 212000JiangsuChina Institute of Vegetables Jiangsu Academy ofAgricultural SciencesNanjing 210014JiangsuChina College of Biotechnology Jiangsu University of Scienceand TechnologyZhenjiang 212018JiangsuChina

Objective In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti‐aging effects of Silybum marianum protein hydrolysate（SMPH） in D‐galactose‐treated mice. Methods D‐galactose（500 mg/kg body weight） was intraperitoneally injected daily for 7 weeks to accelerate aging, and SMPH（400, 800, 1,200 mg/kg body weight, respectively） was simultaneously administered orally. The antioxidant and anti‐aging effects of SMPH in the liver and brain were measured by biochemical assays. Transmission electron microscopy（TEM） was performed to study the ultrastructure of liver mitochondria. Results SMPH decreased triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the D‐galactose‐treated mice. It significantly elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and glutathione peroxidase（GSH‐Px）, and total antioxidant capacity（T‐AOC）, which were suppressed by D‐galactose. Monoamine oxidase（MAO） and malondialdehyde（MDA） levels as well as the concentrations of caspase‐3 and 8‐OHd G in the liver and brain were significantly reduced by SMPH. Moreover, it increased Bcl‐2 levels in the liver and brain. Furthermore, SMPH significantly attenuated D‐galactose‐induced liver mitochondrial dysfunction by improving the activities of Na＋‐K＋‐ATPase and Ca2＋‐Mg2＋‐ATPase as well as mitochondrial membrane potential（ΔΨm） and fluidity. TEM showed that the degree of liver mitochondrial damage was significantly decreased by SMPH. Conclusion The results indicated that SMPH protects against D‐galactose‐induced accelerated aging in mice through its antioxidant and anti‐aging activities.

关键词： Silybum marianum protein hydrolysate Antioxidant Anti‐aging D‐galactose

The challenge of defining rare genetic programs by single-cell RNA sequencing:Insights from phloem studies

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 22-25页

作者： Xiaomin Liu Pawel Roszak YkäHelariutta State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China The Sainsbury Laboratory University of CambridgeCB21TN CambridgeUK Wood Development group University of Helsinki00100 HelsinkiFinland Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of Helsinki00100 HelsinkiFinland

Single-cell RNA sequencing technology provides unprecedented opportunities to capture the spatiotemporal aspects of genetic programs that drive cell *** is a subtype of vascular tissue that is crucial for transporting sugars,proteins,and other organic *** critical role in the redistribution of carbon between photosynthetically active“source”organs(leaves,shoots)and“sink”tissues/organs incapable of fixing carbon(wood,storage organs,root system,etc.)has made phloem development and its transcriptional regulation a prime research focus.

关键词： organs sugar rare

Reducing oxidative stress and hepatoprotective effect of water extracts from Pu-erh tea on rats with high-fat diet

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2016年第4期5卷 199-206页

作者： Jingjing Su Xueqing Wang Wenjun Song Xiaoli Bai Changwen Li Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology College of Biotechnology and Food ScienceTianjin University of CommerceTianjin 300134China Yunnan Tasly Deepure biological Tea group Company Limited Pu ErhYunnan 665100China

Reducing oxidative stress and hepatoprotective effect of Pu-erh tea water extracts on rats fed with high-fat diet were researched for explaining health care of Pu-erh *** SD rats were divided into five *** body weight was measured once a *** malondialdehyde(MDA)and glucose(Glu)levels and the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),nitric oxide synthase(NOS),and pyruvate kinase(PK)in serum were ***,the hepatic glycogen level(HGL)and the activities of hepatic total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were also measured after continuous administration for 12 *** result demonstrated that Pu-erh extract caused the decreases in body weight,fat index,MDA and NOS levels,and the increases in hepatic T-SOD,CAT and GSH-Px activities,indicating that the extract may be due to inhibiting the increases of body weight and fat index,reducing oxidant stress state and inhibiting lipid peroxidation,thus decreasing the activities of ALT and AST,and protecting the liver in ***,the extracts could increase the production of hepatic glycogen and the activity of PK,and reduce glucose level,protecting the liver from the diseases associated with type II diabetes.

关键词： Pu-erh tea extracts Oxidative stress Hepatoprotective effect

A photo-assisted electrochemical-based demonstrator for green ammonia synthesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 826-834页

作者： Xiaolu Liu Zhurui Shen Xinyue Peng Lu Tian Ran Hao Lu Wang Yangfan Xu Yuping Liu Christos T.Maravelias Wei Li Geoffrey A.Ozin Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Department of Chemical and biological Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172GuangdongChina Solar Fuels group Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St.George StreetTorontoOntario M5S3H6Canada Department of Chemical and biological Engineering and Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Bridging laboratory research and practical utilization is of crucial importance for the development of green ammonia synthetic technologies. A decentralized photo-assisted electrochemical-based demonstrator has been proposed for green ammonia synthesis from renewable electricity, air and water, where well-known defect-laden WO_(3) is used as the working electrode, and a commercially available PV panel supplies renewable electricity. In this demonstrator, defect-laden WO_(3) exhibits the optimum electrochemical NH_(3) formation rate(4.51 × 10^(-12)mol s^(-1)cm^(-2)) in 0.1 M K_(2)SO_(4)in a photovoltaic electrochemical(PV-EC) system. A system-level energy and cost analysis was conducted to investigate its economic viability and a general evaluation tool for system performance and cost estimation was proposed. This advance enables the possibility of integrating the small-scale green ammonia demonstrator into a stand-alone farm system.

关键词： Ammonia synthesis Electrochemical demonstrator Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reduction reaction System-level energy and cost analysis