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Mixed plastics waste valorization to high-added value products via thermally induced phase separation and spin-casting

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Green Energy & environment 2024年第10期9卷 1627-1640页

作者： Junaid Saleem Moghal Zubair Khalid Baig Usman Bin Shahid Rafael Luque Gordon McKay division of Sustainable Development College of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa University Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University Department of Chemical and biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Universidad ECOTEC

Plastic waste is an underutilized resource that has the potential to be transformed into value-added ***,its chemical diversity leads to cost-intensive sorting techniques,limiting recycling and upcycling ***,we report an open-loop recycling method to produce graded feedstock from mixed polyolefins waste,which makes up 60%of total plastic *** method uses heat flow scanning to quantify the composition of plastic waste and resolves its compatibility through controlled *** resulting feedstock is then used to synthesize blended pellets,porous sorbents,and superhydrophobic coatings via thermally induced phase separation and *** hybrid approach broadens the opportunities for reusing plastic waste,which is a step towards creating a more circular economy and better waste management practices.

关键词： Plastic waste Valorization Superhydrophobic coatings Blended pellets Porous materials Sorbents

Medaka factor in the germline alpha(figα)is indispensable for oogenesis but not for gonadal sex differentiation

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 347-354页

作者： Katsuyasu Kamimura Masato Kinoshita Akira Kanamori division of biological Science Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityNagoyaAichi464-8602Japan division of Applied Biosciences Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan

A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor,figα,is one of the earliest marker genes of oocyte differentiation in *** the present study,we made figαknockout medaka by CRISPR/Cas9,expecting aborted progress of oogenesis,to see if differentiation of somatic ovarian tissues is ***αknockout male gonads differentiated normally into testes with functional *** females,on the other hand,were sterile;there are oocytes only up to *** growing oocytes in diplotene were *** phenotype was already apparent at 10 days after hatching,when diplotene oocytes start to develop in the ***,several putative target genes of figαwere not expressed in the mutant female *** studies showed that medaka lacking germ cells have morphologically abnormal gonads and female to male sex reversal ***αknockout female gonads differentiated morphologically into ovaries,suggesting that in medaka,figαknockout prevents oogenesis progress into diplotene stage,and ovarian differentiation do not need developed oocytes beyond pachytene *** ovarian phenotype reminded us of"pachytene checkpoint",which blocks meiotic progress into diplotene when chromosomal abnormalities are ***,we further analyzed phenotype of oocytes in the mutant *** number of oocytes at each meiotic stage suggested that oogenesis normally proceeded up to pachytene *** number of apoptotic oocytes in the knockout ovaries was ***,we did not detect any abnormal pairings or unrepaired double-strand breaks by *** together,figαknockout likely stop oocyte growth at or around pachytene via unknown mechanisms other than"pachytene checkpoint"and arrested oocytes remained in the *** is in contrast to figαknockout mice where all oocytes underwent apoptosis quickly after birth.

关键词： bHLH transcription factor CRISPR/Cas9 Pachytene checkpoint Oocyte growth Medaka

Long cycle-life aqueous Zn battery enabled by facile carbon nanotube coating on Cu current collector

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 151-164页

作者： Beom-Keun Cho Sung-Ho Huh So Hee Kim Seungho Yu Jong-Seong Bae Jung-Keun Yoo Seung-Ho Yu Department of Chemical and biological Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Energy Storage Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea KIST School Division of Energy and Environment TechnologyKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea Busan Center Korea Basic Science Institute(KBSI)BusanRepublic of Korea Carbon Composites Department Composites Research DivisionKorea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS)ChangwonRepublic of Korea

As an alternative to Li-ion batteries,aqueous Zn batteries have gained attention due to the abundance of Zn metal,low reduction potential(-0.76 V *** hydrogen electrode),and high theoretical capacity(820 mAh g^(-1))of multivalent Zn2+***,the growth of Zn dendrites and the formation of irreversible surface reaction byproducts pose challenges for ensuring a long battery lifespan and ***,the Cu foil coated with a single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)layer using a facile doctor blade casting method is *** SWCNT-coated Cu foil demonstrates a significantly longer battery lifespan compared to the bare Cu in the half-cell *** operando optical microscopy imaging,we are able to provide intuitive evidence that Zn deposition occurs between the carbon nanotube(CNT)coating and Cu substrate,in agreement with the computational ***,with various imaging techniques,the flat morphology and homogeneous distribution of Zn beneath the SWCNT layer are *** addition,the full-cell using CNT-coated Cu exhibits a long cycle life compared to the control group,thereby demonstrating improved electrochemical performance with limited Zn for the cycling process.

关键词： aqueous Zn battery carbon nanotube operando imaging surface coating

Navigating biomolecular condensates in plants from patterns to functions

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1329-1332页

作者： Yansong Miao Monika Chodasiewicz Xiaofeng Fang School of biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore636921Singapore biological and environmental Science&Engineering division(BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia School of Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Biomolecular condensates have emerged as one of the important focuses of recent research on plant *** study of these condensates often begins with evidence gathered from imaging or bioinformatics *** with genetic and biochemical approaches,researchers have begun to establish a link between the condensation of biomolecules *** challenge,however,is unambiguously demonstrating the necessity of condensation in a cellular process versus the macromolecule *** requires a combination of evidence from genetics,cell biology,biochemistry,and biophysical *** this Opinion paper,we pinpoint the factors to be considered when studying the role of biomolecular condensates in plant *** also provide future directions for plant condensate biology.

关键词： functions. condensation directions

Characteristics and trends of pediatric firepit burns: insights for prevention and safety

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 54-58页

作者： Maria Fazal Charbel Chidiac Raheel Ahmad Oussama Issa Erica Hodgman Alejandro V Garcia Johns Hopkins School of Medicine BaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Surgery Division of Pediatric SurgeryJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA division of the biological Sciences University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA School of Medicine American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon

Introduction As fire pits grow in popularity,so do the associated burn *** study examines pediatric fire pit burns characteristics to raise awareness and promote safety *** We conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients(<21 years)with firepit burns at a tertiary care hospital from 2016 to *** Eighty-four patients were identified,of whom 70.2%were male,with a median age of 62 *** median percent total body surface area burned was 2%(interquartile range(IQR)=1-4).Thirty-five(41.7%)patients were admitted and 7(8.3%)underwent *** and trunk burns had the highest grafting rates(66%and 33%,respectively).The hands(41.7%)and the lower extremities(27.4%)were the most frequently burned body *** leading causes of burns were ashes/hot coals(34.5%),flames(31.0%),and direct contact(25.0%),often resulting from falling into the fire(59.5%)or running or playing in activities near it(26.2%).Thirty-five(41.7%)were admitted for inpatient management,while 49(58.3%)were treated as ***(13.2%)underwent at least one reconstructive surgery,7(8.4%)had at least one rehabilitation visit,and 65(77.4%)had follow-up clinic *** median length of stay was 2 days(IQR=1.0-3.5).The peak months for burns were from August through October(n=40,46.0%),with an increase observed from 10 cases in 2016to 20 cases in *** Given the significant proportion of firepit burns resulting from unsafe fire behaviors,it is crucial that caretakers are aware of proper firepit safety *** ofevidence Il.

关键词： burns admitted prevention

Serum bile acid and unsaturated fatty acid profiles of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 898-913页

作者： Su-Su Feng Si-Jing Wang Lin Guo Pan-Pan Ma Xiao-Long Ye Ming-Lin Pan Bo Hang Jian-Hua Mao Antoine M Snijders Yi-Bing Lu Da-Fa Ding Department of Endocrinology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina biological Systems and Engineering division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720United States

BACKGROUND The understanding of bile acid(BA)and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)profiles,as well as their dysregulation,remains elusive in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)coexisting with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Investigating these metabolites could offer valuable insights into the pathophy-siology of NAFLD in *** To identify potential metabolite biomarkers capable of distinguishing between NAFLD and *** A training model was developed involving 399 participants,comprising 113 healthy controls(HCs),134 individuals with T2DM without NAFLD,and 152 individuals with T2DM and *** validation encompassed 172 *** patients were divided based on liver fibrosis *** analytical approach employed univariate testing,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,and decision curve analysis to pinpoint and assess the diagnostic value of serum *** Compared to HCs,both T2DM and NAFLD groups exhibited diminished levels of specific *** UFAs,particular acids exhibited a positive correlation with NAFLD risk in T2DM,while theω-6:ω-3 UFA ratio demonstrated a negative *** ofα-linolenic acid andγ-linolenic acid were linked to significant liver fibrosis in *** validation cohort substantiated the predictive efficacy of these biomarkers for assessing NAFLD risk in T2DM *** This study underscores the connection between altered BA and UFA profiles and the presence of NAFLD in individuals with T2DM,proposing their potential as biomarkers in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

关键词： Bile acid Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes mellitus Unsaturated fatty acid

Demystifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms relevant to wastewater treatment: A review of their phylogeny, metabolism, and detection

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 1-16页

作者： Lucia Ruiz-Haddad Muhammad Ali Mario Pronk Mark C.Mvan Loosdrecht Pascal E.Saikaly environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Center Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Structural&Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin2Ireland Department of Biotechnology Delft University of TechnologyDelft2629 HZthe Netherlands

Currently,the most cost-effective and efficient method for phosphorus(P)removal from wastewater is enhanced biological P removal(EPBR)via polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs).This study integrates a literature review with genomic analysis to uncover the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the relevant PAOs for wastewater *** findings highlight significant differences in the metabolic capabilities of PAOs relevant to wastewater ***,Candidatus Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter can synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates,possess specific enzymes for ATP production from polyphosphate,and have electrochemical transporters for acetate and *** contrast,Tetrasphaera,Candidatus Phosphoribacter,Knoellia,and Phycicoccus possess PolyP-glucokinase and electrochemical transporters for sugars/amino ***,this review explores various detection methods for polyphosphate and PAOs in activated sludge wastewater treatment ***,FISH-Raman spectroscopy emerges as one of the most advanced detection ***,this review provides critical insights into PAO research,underscoring the need for enhanced strategies in biological phosphorus removal.

关键词： Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs) Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR)Tetrasphaera Ca.accumulibacter Ca.phosphoribacter Knoellia Phycicoccus

Hydrazone derivatives in agrochemical discovery and development

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 104-113页

作者： Ya Wang Shengxin Guo Lijiao Yu Wei Zhang Zhenchao Wang Yonggui Robin Chi Jian Wu National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityHuaxi DistrictGuiyang 550025China division of Chemistry&biological Chemistry School of Physical&Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore

As a common active substructure,hydrazone has attracted increasing attention and is considered essential for pesticide *** has been widely regarded as a potential insecticidal,antibacterial,antifungal,antiviral,and herbicidal *** this review,we highlight the pesticide versatility of hydrazone fragments and provide a comprehensive summary of the biological activity,structure-activity relationship analysis(SARs),and primary mechanism of their *** profile is expected to give valuable information for discovering new pesticides.

关键词： Hydrazone Agrochemicals biological activity Structure-activity relationship Preliminary mechanism

Carbon sequestration in a bamboo plantation:a case study in a Mediterranean area

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 231-238页

作者： Tommaso Chiti Emanuele Blasi Maria Vincenza Chiriaco Department for Innovation in biological Agro-Food and Forest Systems(DIBAF)University of TusciaVia San C.De Lellis snc01100 ViterboItaly Foundation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change(CMCC) Division on Climate Change Impacts on AgricultureForests and Ecosystem Services(IAFES)Via Garbini5101100 ViterboItaly

In the Mediterranean region,despite bamboo being an alien species that can seriously alter plant and ani-mal biocoenosis,the area occupied by bamboo plantations continues to increase,especially for the purpose to seques-ter carbon(C).However,the C dynamics in the soil-plant system when bamboo is grown outside its native area are poorly *** we investigated the C mitigation potential of the fast-growing Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)introduced in Italy for climate-change *** analyzed aboveground(AGB)and belowground(as root/shoot ratio)biomass,litter and soil organic C(SOC)at O-15-and 15-30-cm depths in a 4-year-old bamboo plantation in comparison with the former annual cropland on which the bamboo was *** have an idea of the maximum C stored at an ecosystem level,a natural forest adjacent the two sites was also *** the plantation,C accumulation as AGB was stimulated,with 14.8±3.1 Mg C ha^(-1) stored in 3 years;because thinning was done to remove culms from the first year,the mean sequestration rate was 4.9 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1).The sequestration rates were high but comparable to other fast-growing tree species in Italy(e.g.,Pinus nigra).SOC was significantly higher in the bamboo plantation than in the cropland only at the 0-15 cm depth,but SOC stock did not *** 4 years were not enough time for a clear increase in SOC,or the high nutrient uptake by bamboos might have depleted the soil nutrients,thus inhibiting the soil organic matter formation by *** comparison,the natural forest had significantly higher C levels in all the *** C dynamics at an ecosystem level,the bamboo plantation on the former annual cropland led to substantial C removal from the atmosphere(about 12 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1)).However,despite the promising C sequestration rates by bamboo,its introduction should be carefully considered due to potential ecological problems caused by this species in overexploited environments such as the Med

关键词： Carbon sequestration Climate change mitigation Mediterranean area Moso bamboo Soil organic carbon