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The Trend of Smoking-Related Cognition and Its Association with Smoking Behaviors Among Junior High School Students—China,2013–2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第22期6卷 503-508页

作者： Wenzhao Liu Xinying Zeng Qi Su Lin Xiao Shiwei Liu Tobacco control Office Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?In 2013,31.61%of students perceived quitting smoking as difficult,61.73%considered smoking less attractive,and 73.89%believed that secondhand smoke is definitely harmful to *** is added by this report?The percentage of students who perceived quitting smoking as difficult increased from 31.61%in 2013 to 38.83%in 2021,while the percentage of students who found smoking less attractive rose from 61.73%to 69.40%.Conversely,there was a decrease in the percentage of students who perceived secondhand smoke as harmful,from 73.89%to 68.46%.An increased awareness of the hazards of secondhand smoke was associated with a reduction in smoking *** are the implications for public health practice?It is imperative to enhance health education efforts that aim to raise awareness of the hazards of secondhand smoke.

关键词： smoke attractive Junior

Photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and synchronous degradation of organic pollutants by pg-C_(3)N_(4)/β-FeOOH S-scheme heterojunction

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1238-1252页

作者： LI XiBao HAN Tao ZHOU YingTang XIE Yu LUO YiDan HUANG JunTong CHEN Zhi DENG Fang School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China National-Local Joint Engineering research Center of Heavy Metal Pollutants control and Resource Utilization Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution control National Engineering Research Center for Marine AquacultureMarine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China

Crafting photoelectrocatalytic materials with robust oxidation-reduction properties for simultaneous hydrogen evolution and pollutant degradation poses a formidable *** this study,a pg-C_(3)N_(4)/β-FeOOH S-scheme heterostructure with a special energy band structure was developed by anchoring porous pg-C_(3)N_(4)on needle shapedβ-*** as a hole extraction layer,needle-leaf-likeβ-FeOOH can facilitate efficient hole migration and enhance charge ***,the optimized 0.2-pg-C_(3)N_(4)/β-FeOOH could degrade 78%of ofloxacin(OFLO)in 90 *** organic pollutants could absorb a large number of holes,which prompted a greater proportion of photogenerated electrons to actively participate in the hydrogen evolution reaction at the ***,the hydrogen production of 0.2-pg-C_(3)N_(4)/β-FeOOH reached 1452.88μmol cm^(-2)h^(-1),exhibiting a notable increase of 61.81-165.12μmol cm^(-2)h^(-1)compared with that in the absence of *** and theoretical calculation results underscore that this investigation is grounded in a distinctive electron and hole dual channel transfer *** findings offer novel insights for the future development of S-scheme heterojunction photoelectrocatalytic materials capable of concurrently degrading pollutants and promoting hydrogen evolution.

关键词： photoelectrocatalysis hydrogen evolution degradation synchronous S-scheme heterojunction

Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extracts of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) O. Ktze on the in Vitro Growth of Clinical Strains Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Involved in Gastro Enteritis

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 101-113页

作者： Monon Kone Youssouf Zanga Traore Tidiane Kamagate Ahmont Landry Claude Kablan Abdoulaye Toure Karamoko Ouattara Adama Coulibaly Department of Biochemistry-Genetics Training and Research Unit Biological Sciences Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Department of Mathematics-Physics-Chemistry Training and Research Unit Biological Sciences Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Department of Biology and Health Training and Research Unit of Bioscience University of Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology Training and Research Unit of Agriculture Fisheries Resources and Agro-Industry University of San Pedro San Pedro Cte dIvoire

Gastroenteritis constitutes a group of diarrheal diseases of infectious origin, responsible for absenteeism from work, morbidity and mortality, especially among aged people. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Mitragyna inermis extracts on the in vitro growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa involved in gastroenteritis. Phytochemical screening was carried out using two distinct methods. The detection of phytochemical compounds by tube coloring and chromatography on a thin layer of silica gel. The sensitivity of organisms was evaluated by the agar well method. The dilution method in liquid medium coupled with spreading on Mueller Hinton agar helped determine the CMB/MIC activity ratios. The investigations show that the extract has the best extraction yield (75.86% ± 0.20%) compared to the aqueous macerated (61.8% ± 0.08%) and decocted (66.6% ± 0.12%). These extracts contain several phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids, saponosides, coumarins and sterols and terpenes. These substances are endowed with biological activities and could be at the origin of antibacterial activity observed with M. inermis extracts. The analysis of antibacterial activity showed that the germs are sensitive to the extracts with inhibition diameters ranging from 8.30 ± 0.53 to 17.87 ± 0.58 mm. The ethanolic extract was the most active with diameters varying from 15.07 ± 0.62 to 17.87 ± 0.58 mm on all the germs tested. E. coli and S. aureus were the most sensitive germs to the extracts. P. aeruginosa was the least sensitive germ. Activity reports indicate that the extracts exert bactericidal activity on E. coli and S. aureus but bacteriostatic activity on P. aeruginosa. These results justify the use of M. inermis leaves in a traditional environment to treat gastroenteritis.

关键词： Phytochemical Characterization Antibacterial Activity Mitragyna inermis Gastro Enteritis

The Rate of Convergence of Augmented Lagrangian Method for Minimax Optimization Problems with Equality Constraints

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Journal of the Operations research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 265-297页

作者： Yu-Hong Dai Li-Wei Zhang LSEC ICMSECAMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Operations research and control Theory School of Mathematical SciencesDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The augmented Lagrangian function and the corresponding augmented Lagrangian method are constructed for solving a class of minimax optimization problems with equality *** prove that,under the linear independence constraint qualification and the second-order sufficiency optimality condition for the lower level problem and the second-order sufficiency optimality condition for the minimax problem,for a given multiplier vectorμ,the rate of convergence of the augmented Lagrangian method is linear with respect to||μu-μ^(*)||and the ratio constant is proportional to 1/c when the ratio|μ-μ^(*)||/c is small enough,where c is the penalty parameter that exceeds a threshold c_(*)>O andμ^(*)is the multiplier corresponding to a local ***,we prove that the sequence of multiplier vectors generated by the augmented Lagrangian method has at least Q-linear convergence if the sequence of penalty parameters(ck)is bounded and the convergence rate is superlinear if(ck)is increasing to ***,we use a direct way to establish the rate of convergence of the augmented Lagrangian method for the minimax problem with a quadratic objective function and linear equality constraints.

关键词： Minimax optimization Augmented Lagrangian method.Rate of convergence Second-order sufficiency optimality

Impact of apolipoprotein E isoforms on sporadic Alzheimer's disease:beyond the role of amyloid beta

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第1期19卷 80-83页

作者： Madia Lozupone Francesco Panza Neurodegenerative Disease unit Department of Basic MedicineNeuroscienceand Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly unit of research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health National Institute of Gastroenterology“Saverio de Bellis”Research HospitalCastellana GrotteBariItaly

The impact of apolipoprotein E(ApoE)isoforms on sporadic Alzheimer's disease has long been studied;however,the influences of apolipoprotein E gene(APOE)on healthy and pathological human brains are not fully *** exists as three common isoforms(ApoE2,ApoE3,and ApoE4),which differ in two amino acid ***,ApoE binds cholesterol and phospholipids and ApoE isoforms display diffe rent affinities for their receptors,lipids transport and distribution in the brain and *** role of ApoE in the human depends on ApoE isoforms,brain regions,aging,and neural *** E4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease,considering its role in influencing amyloid-beta *** exact mechanisms by which APOE gene variants may increase or decrease Alzheimer's disease risk are not fully understood,but APOE was also known to affect directly and indirectly tau-mediated neurodegeneration,lipids metabolism,neurovascular unit,and microglial *** with the biological function of ApoE,ApoE4 isoform significantly alte red signaling pathways associated with cholesterol homeostasis,transport,and ***,the rare protective APOE variants confirm that ApoE plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease *** objectives of the present mini-review were to describe classical and new roles of various ApoE isoforms in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology beyond the deposition of amyloid-beta and to establish a functional link between APOE,brain function,and memory,from a molecular to a clinical *** genotype also exerted a heterogeneous effect on clinical Alzheimer's disease phenotype and its *** only in learning and memory but also in neuro psychiatric symptoms that occur in a premorbid *** rifying the relationships between Alzheimer's disease-related pathology with neuropsychiatric symptoms,particularly suicidal ideation in Alzheimer's disease patients,may be useful for elucid

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta apolipoprotein E dementia glymphatic transport lipids neuropsychiatric symptoms neurovascular unit tau protein

Integrated neural tracing and in-situ barcoded sequencing reveals the logic of SCN efferent circuits in regulating circadian behaviors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 518-528页

作者： Meimei Liao Xinwei Gao Chen Chen Qi Li Qingchun Guo He Huang Erquan Zhang Dapeng Ju College of biological Sciences China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China National Institute of biological Sciences(NIBS) Beijing 102206China Chinese Institute for Brain research Beijing 102206China School of Biomedical Engineering Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Anesthesiology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401336China Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 102206China

The circadian clock coordinates rhythms in numerous physiological processes to maintain organismal homeostasis. Since the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN) is widely accepted as the circadian pacemaker, it is critical to understand the neural mechanisms by which rhythmic information is transferred from the SCN to peripheral clocks. Here, we present the first comprehensive map of SCN efferent connections and suggest a molecular logic underlying these projections. The SCN projects broadly to most major regions of the brain, rather than solely to the hypothalamus and thalamus. The efferent projections from different subtypes of SCN neurons vary in distance and intensity, and blocking synaptic transmission of these circuits affects circadian rhythms in locomotion and feeding to different extents. We also developed a barcoding system to integrate retrograde tracing with in-situ sequencing, allowing us to link circuit anatomy and spatial patterns of gene expression. Analyses using this system revealed that brain regions functioning downstream of the SCN receive input from multiple neuropeptidergic cell types within the SCN, and that individual SCN neurons generally project to a single downstream brain *** map of SCN efferent connections provides a critical foundation for future investigations into the neural circuits underlying SCNmediated rhythms in physiology. Further, our new barcoded tracing method provides a tool for revealing the molecular logic of neuronal circuits within heterogeneous brain regions.

关键词： circadian rhythms SCN output circuit neural tracing barcoded GFP in situ sequencing

Sclerodermus alternatusi(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae),a new species from China,parasitizing Monochamus alternatus(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第3期49卷 258-266页

作者： Zhongqi Yang Xiaoyi Wang Zhaoyao Duan Yanlong Zhang Yi’nanZhang Liangming Cao Ke Wei Key Lab of Forest Protection National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationEcology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China research Institute of biological control Beijing Vocational College of AgricultureBeijing 102442China research Institute of Forest Protection Yunnan Academy of Forestry and GrasslandKunming 650201China

A new species,Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang,***.(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae),is described and *** cerambycid host,Monochamus alternatus Hope,a severe wood borer attacking many pine trees(Pinus spp.),is also a vector of pine wood nematode,Bursaphelencus xylophilus,which cause severe damages to pine forests in *** new species is a gregarious ectoparasitoid of junior larva of *** number of adult wasps reared from a single host larva ranges from 6 to *** ratio of female to male is 20:*** new parasitoid species has a high potential in using as a biocontrol agent for the wood *** of the new species with comparisons to its related species,*** Yang&Yao and a key to known species of Sclerodermus from China is provided.

关键词： Ectoparasitoid larval parasitoid taxonomy biological control

Characterization of a pangolin SARS-CoV-2-related virus isolate that uses the human ACE2 receptor

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1502-1513页

作者： Luo-Yuan Xia Xue-Feng Wang Xiao-Ming Cui Yi-Ming Zhang Zhen-Fei Wang En-Tao Li Chang-Fa Fan Ke Song Yuan-Guo Li Run-Ze Ye Fang-Xu Li Dai-Yun Zhu Jie Zhang Zhuang-Zhuang Shi Ming-Zhu Zhang Liang-Jing Li Shi-Jing Shen Song Jin Ya-Wei Zhang Wei-Guang Fu Lin Zhao Wen-Hao Wang Tie-Cheng Wang You-Chun Wang Jia-Fu Jiang Yan-Ling Hu Na Jia Yu-Wei Gao Wu-Chun Cao Institute of EcoHealth School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Changchun Veterinary research Institute Changchun 130122China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijing 100071China Division of Animal Model research Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijing 102629China National Institutes for Food and Drug control Beijing 102629China Life Sciences Institute Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530020China College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China research unit of Discovery and Tracing of Natural Focus Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100071China

Various SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses have been increasingly identified in pangolins,showing a potential threat to *** we report the infectivity and pathogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2-related virus,PCoV-GX/P2V,which was isolated from a Malayan pangolin(Manis javanica).PCoV-GX/P2V could grow in human hepatoma,colorectal adenocarcinoma cells,and human primary nasal epithelial *** replicated more efficiently in cells expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(hACE2)as SARS-CoV-2 *** intranasal inoculation to the hACE2-transgenic mice,PCoV-GX/P2V not only replicated in nasal turbinate and lungs,but also caused interstitial pneumonia,characterized by infiltration of mixed inflammatory cells and multifocal alveolar *** population immunity established by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may not protect people from PCoV-GX/P2V *** findings further verify the hACE2 utility of PCoV-GX/P2V by in vivo experiments using authentic viruses and highlight the importance for intensive surveillance to prevent possible cross-species transmission.

关键词： pangolin SARS-CoV-2-related virus infectivity pathogenicity human cell lines human ACE2 receptor hACE2-transgenic mice

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A Two-Layer Active Power Optimization and Coordinated control for Regional Power Grid Partitioning to Promote Distributed Renewable Energy Consumption

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Energy Engineering 2024年第9期121卷 2479-2503页

作者： Wentao Li Jiantao Liu Yudun Li GuoxinMing Kaifeng Zhang Kun Yuan Key Laboratory of Measurement and control of CSE Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China China Electric Power research Institute Nanjing210003China State Grid Shandong Electric Power research Institute Jinan250003China

With the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy,industrial flexible loads,as a kind of loadside resource with strong regulation ability,provide new opportunities for the research on renewable energy consumption problem in power *** paper proposes a two-layer active power optimization model based on industrial flexible loads for power grid partitioning,aiming at improving the line over-limit problem caused by renewable energy consumption in power grids with high proportion of renewable energy,and achieving the safe,stable and economical operation of power ***,according to the evaluation index of renewable energy consumption characteristics of line active power,the power grid is divided into several partitions,and the interzone tie lines are taken as the optimization ***,on the basis of partitioning,a two-layer active power optimization model considering the power constraints of industrial flexible loads is *** upper-layer model optimizes the planned power of the inter-zone tie lines under the constraint of the minimum peak-valley difference within a day;the lower-layer model optimizes the regional source-load dispatching plan of each resource in each partition under the constraint of theminimumoperation cost of the partition,so as to reduce the line overlimit phenomenon caused by renewable energy consumption and save the electricity cost of industrial flexible ***,through simulation experiments,it is verified that the proposed model can effectively mobilize industrial flexible loads to participate in power grid operation and improve the economic stability of power grid.

关键词： Renewable energy consumption active power optimization power grid partitioning industrial flexible loads line over-limit