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Tribological properties of Al-GNP composites at elevated temperature

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 1028-1041页

作者： Sunil POUDEL Rizwan BAJWA Yongde XIA Zakir KHAN Yi ZHANG Yanqiu ZHU College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX44QFUK European Technical Centre Daido Metal Co.Ltd.Iliminster SomersetTA199PHUK

Lighter and more powerful next generation vehicles and other rotary machinery demand bearings to operate in harsher conditions for higher efficiency,and the continuous development of advanced low-wear and friction materials is thus becoming even more important to meet these *** aluminium composites reinforced with high performance lubricate phases such as graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)are very promising and have been vigorously *** maintaining a low coefficient of friction(COF)and offering great strength against wear due to their self-lubricating capability,the solid lubricant like GNPs protect the bearing surface from wear damage and prevent change in metallurgical properties during temperature *** paper first studies the high-temperature tribological performance of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with GNP,consolidated via powder metallurgy,then elucidates their tribological *** report that the best tribological performance is achieved by the composite containing 2.0 wt%GNP,with an extraordinarily low COF of 0.09 and a specific wear rate of 3.5×10^(−2)mm^(3)·N^(−1)·m^(−1),which represent 75%and 40%reduction respectively,against the plain aluminium consolidated under identical *** in-track and out-of-track Raman analysis have confirmed the role of GNPs in creating a tribofilm on the counterpart surface which contributed to the excellent performance.

关键词： nanocomposite graphene nanoplatelet(GNP) tribology powder metallurgy

Efficiency of a Modular Cleanroom for Space Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第3期20卷 547-562页

作者： Matthew R.Coburn Charlie Young Chris Smith Graham Schultz Miguel Robayo Zheng-Tong Xie Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Plastron uk ltd. Westcott Venture ParkWestcottHP180XBUK Renewable Energy Group University of ExeterExeterTR109FEUK

A prototype cleanroom for hazardous testing and handling of satellites prior to launcher encapsulation,satisfying the ISO8 standard has been designed and analyzed in terms of *** Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)models have been used to study the related flow field and particulate matter(PM)*** outcomes of the URANS models have been validated through comparison with equivalent large-eddy *** attention has been paid to the location and shape of the air intakes and their orientation in space,in order to balance the PM convection and diffusion inside the *** a cyclone-type flow pattern inside the cleanroom is a key to maintaining a high ventilation efficiency.

关键词： Diffuser LES PM RANS unsteady flow exponential decay

Unique double-layer solid electrolyte interphase formed with fluorinated ether-based electrolytes for high-voltage lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 532-542,I0012页

作者： Ruo Wang Jiawei Li Bing Han Qingrong Wang Ruohong Ke Tong Zhang Xiaohu Ao Guangzhao Zhang Zhongbo Liu Yunxian Qian Fangfang Pan Iseult Lynch Jun Wang Yonghong Deng Department of Materials Science&Engineering School of Innovation and EntrepreneurshipSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-Fouling Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071ShandongChina Shenzhen CAPCHEM Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518118GuangdongChina CALB Group Co. Ltd.Changzhou 213200JiangsuChina

Li metal batteries using high-voltage layered oxides cathodes are of particular interest due to their high energy ***,they suffer from short lifespan and extreme safety concerns,which are attributed to the degradation of layered oxides and the decomposition of electrolyte at high voltage,as well as the high reactivity of metallic *** key is the development of stable electrolytes against both highvoltage cathodes and Li with the formation of robust interphase films on the ***,we report a highly fluorinated ether,1,1,1-trifluoro-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)methoxy]ethane(TTME),as a cosolvent,which not only functions as a diluent forming a localized high concentration electrolyte(LHCE),but also participates in the construction of the inner solvation *** TTME-based electrolyte is stable itself at high voltage and induces the formation of a unique double-layer solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film,which is embodied as one layer rich in crystalline structural components for enhanced mechanical strength and another amorphous layer with a higher concentration of organic components for enhanced *** Li||Cu cells display a noticeably high Coulombic efficiency of 99.28%after 300 cycles and Li symmetric cells maintain stable cycling more than 3200 h at 0.5 mA/cm^(2) and 1.0m Ah/cm^(2).In addition,lithium metal cells using LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) and Li CoO_(2) cathodes(both loadings~3.0 m Ah/cm^(2))realize capacity retentions of>85%over 240 cycles with a charge cut-off voltage of 4.4 V and 90%for 170 cycles with a charge cut-off voltage of 4.5 V,*** study offers a bifunctional ether-based electrolyte solvent beneficial for high-voltage Li metal batteries.

关键词： Lithium metal batteries High-voltage layered oxides Fluorinated ether-based electrolytes Solid electrolyte interphase Cathode electrolyte interphase

“Flow” Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Depression Treatment in a Primary Healthcare General Practice—An Open-Label Cohort Study Measuring Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S) Outcomes

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 386-399页

作者： Chris Griffiths Harmony Jiang David Smart Azhar Zafar Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Northampton UK University of Northampton Northampton UK General Practice Alliance ltd. Northampton UK

Background: Flow FL-100 is a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device self-administered by a patient at home in combination with a software application delivered wellbeing behaviour therapy training. tDCS has evidence of effectiveness in treating symptoms of depression. Purpose/Aim: This post marketing study evaluated the effect of Flow on depression for primary care general practice patients with depression symptoms. Methods: Open-label patient cohort design with no control group. Inclusion criteria were aged 18 years or over and reporting depression symptoms. Participants self-administered five 30 minute tDCS sessions per week for the first three weeks, and then 3 sessions per week following this. Three, six and ten week assessment with participant self-report measure: Montgomery- Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Results: MADRS-S remission rates were between 29% - 30% at three weeks, 33% - 34% at six-weeks and 50% at 10-weeks treatment. There was a significant improvement in MADRS-S with large effect sizes at all time points. Conclusions: Flow tDCS can be delivered through a primary healthcare general practice service and patients will choose to use. Flow tDCS provides an effective depression treatment in addition and as an alternative to antidepressants and psychotherapy. tDCS has evidence as an effective depression treatment, and the widespread availability of tDCS in primary care general practice should be considered.

关键词： Depression Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Wellbeing General Practice

Astronomical influence of the development of Paleogene thin coal seam groups in offshore Lacustrine basins:A case study of the ZhuⅠDepression's Enping Formation located in the northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 136-150页

作者： Yan Liu Shengbing Huang Dongdong Wang Nan Li Yuting Yin Ying Chen Zengxue Li College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

The development of the Paleogene coal seams in China's offshore basin areas generally had the characteristics of coal measures with large thicknesses,large numbers of coal seams,thin single coal seams,poor stability,scattered vertical distribution,and a wide distribution *** study selected the Enping Formation of the ZhuⅠDepression in the northern section of the South China Sea as an example to determine the macro-control factors of the development of the Paleogene coal seam *** analysis was carried out on the influencing effects and patterns of the astronomical cycles related to the development of the thin coal seam groups in the region.A floating astronomical time scale of the Enping Formation was established,and the sedimentary time limit of the Enping Formation was determined to be approximately 6.15 Ma±.In addition,the cyclostratigraphy analysis results of the natural gamma-ray data of Well XJ in the Enping Formation of the Xijiang Sag revealed that the development of the thin coal seams had probably been affected by short eccentricity and precession *** formation process of coal seams was determined to have been affected by high seasonal contrast,precipitation,and *** the periods with high values of short eccentricity,the seasonal contrasts tended to be *** those periods,fluctuations in the precession controls resulted in periodic volume changes in precipitation and insolation of the region,resulting in the development of thin coal *** was also found that the periods with low precession were the most conducive to coal seam *** that basis,combined with such factors as sedimentary environmental conditions conducive to the development of thin coal seam groups,this study established a theoretical model of the comprehensive influences of short eccentricity and precession on the development and distribution of Paleogene thin coal seam groups in offshore lacustrine *** patterns of the Paleogene astrono

关键词： Paleogene Pearl(Zhujiang)River Mouth Basin coal seam development astronomical cycles

Formation environment and hydrocarbon potential of the Paleogene Enping Formation coal measures in the ZhuⅠDepression of northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 119-135页

作者： Yuting Yin Lei Lan Dongdong Wang Ying Chen Yan Liu Youchuan Li Zengxue Li Jiamin Liu College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK

The coal-measure source rock in the Chinese sea area plays a significant role as a hydrocarbon source rock,with its genetic environment,development and distribution,and hydrocarbon generation potential serving as essential factors for the exploration of coal-type oil and gas *** study focuses on the coal-measure source rock of the Paleogene Enping Formation in the ZhuⅠDepression,located in the northern South China *** main geological insights obtained are as *** coal measures of the Enping Formation are developed in a warm and wet tropical-subtropical *** development environment of the coal-measure source rock in the Enping Formation includes the braided river delta upper plain peat swamp,characterized by dry forest swamp coal facies with relatively thick coal seams and a small number of *** braided river delta lower plain swamp-interdistributary bay of braided river delta front represents a forest edge-wetland herbaceous swamp coal facies with numerous layers of thin coal seams and poor *** shore swamp corresponds to an open water swamp coal facies with multiple layers of thin coal seams and poor *** organic matter abundance in the braided river delta upper plain is the highest,followed by the braided river delta lower plain-braided river delta front,and the shore-shallow *** organic matter type is predominantly typeⅡ*** evolution analysis suggests that the organic matter has progressed into a substantial oil generation *** hydrocarbon generation potential of the coal-measure source rock in the Enping Formation is the highest in the braided river delta upper plain,followed by the braided river delta lower plain-braided river delta front and the shore-shallow ***,this study proposes three organic facies in the coal-measure source rock of the Enping Formation:upper-plain swamp-dry forest swamp facies,lower plain-interdistributary bay-forest-herbaceous swamp facies,and lake swamp-herbaceo

关键词： coal-measure source rock Paleogene genetic environment hydrocarbon generation characteristic ZhuⅠDepression

ENSO Index Variations and Links with Solar and Volcanic Activity

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Natural Science 2024年第4期16卷 25-44页

作者： Valentina V. Zharkova Irina Vasilieva Department of MPEE Faculty of Engineering and Environment University of Northumbria Newcastle upon Tyne NE UK ZVS Research Enterprise ltd. London UK Department of Solar Physics Main Astronomical Observatory Kyiv Ukraine

In this paper, we investigated the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), for simplicity called in this paper an El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index in 1950-2023 by applying the wavelet spectral transform and the IBM SPSS correlations analysis. ONI follows the three months’ current measurements of the average temperature of the sea surface in the East-Central tropical part of the Pacific Ocean nearby the international line of the date change over the average sea surface temperature over the past 30 years. The ENSO index is found to have a strong (>87%) correlation with the Global Land-Ocean Temperature (GLOT). The scatter plots of the ENSO-GLOT correlation with the linear and cubic fits have shown that the ENSO index is better fit by the cubic polynomial increasing proportionally to a cubic power of the GLOT variations. The wavelet analysis allowed us to detect the two key periods in the ENSO (ONI) index: 4 - 5 years and 12 years. The smaller period of 4.5 years can be linked to the motion of tectonic plates while the larger period of 12 years is shown to have a noticeable correlation of 25% with frequencies of the underwater (submarine) volcanic eruptions in the areas with ENSO occurrences. Not withholding any local terrestrial factors considered to contribute to the ENSO occurrences, we investigated the possibility of the volcanic eruptions causing ENSO to be also induced by the tidal forces of Jupiter and Sun showing the correlation of the underwater volcanic eruption frequency with the Jupiter-Earth distances to be 12% and with the Sun-Earth distances, induced by the solar inertial motion, in January, when the Earth is turned to the Sun with the southern hemisphere where the ENSO occurs, to become 15%. Hence, the underwater volcanic eruptions induced by tidal forces of Jupiter and Sun can be the essential additional factors imposing this 12 year period of the ENSO (ONI) index variations.

关键词： Sun: Magnetic Field Sun: Solar Activity Sun: Inertial Motion Earth: Temperature Earth: Sea Level Earth: Ice Area

Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp Stephen West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK uk Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(ukCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

Panoptic UAV:Panoptic Segmentation of UAV Images for Marine Environment Monitoring

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 1001-1014页

作者： Yuling Dou Fengqin Yao Xiandong Wang Liang Qu Long Chen Zhiwei Xu Laihui Ding Leon Bevan Bullock Guoqiang Zhong Shengke Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao266000China Department of Informatics University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Research and Development Department Shandong Willand Intelligent Technology Co.Ltd.Qingdao266102China

UAV marine monitoring plays an essential role in marine environmental protection because of its flexibility and convenience,low cost and convenient *** marine environmental monitoring,the similarity between objects such as oil spill and sea surface,Spartina alterniflora and algae is high,and the effect of the general segmentation algorithm is poor,which brings new challenges to the segmentation of UAV marine *** segmentation can do object detection and semantic segmentation at the same time,which can well solve the polymorphism problem of objects in UAV ocean ***,there are few studies on UAV marine image recognition with panoptic *** addition,there are no publicly available panoptic segmentation datasets for UAV *** this work,we collect and annotate UAV images to form a panoptic segmentation UAV dataset named UAV-OUC-SEG and propose a panoptic segmentation method named ***,to deal with the large intraclass variability in scale,deformable convolution and CBAM attention mechanism are employed in the backbone to obtain more accurate ***,due to the complexity and diversity of marine images,boundary masks by the Laplacian operator equation from the ground truth are merged into feature maps to improve boundary segmentation *** demonstrate the advantages of PanopticUAV beyond the most other advanced approaches on the UAV-OUC-SEG dataset.

关键词： Panoptic segmentation UAV marine monitoring attention mechanism boundary mask enhancement